• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2003

Scale model measurements should be conducted under an actual sky or in a simulated sky where conditions can be held constant. A number of successful attempts have been made to develop artificial sky domes with man-made sun emulators. With reference to formerly-developed examples, sky simulator facility has recently been activated in oder to provide desirable sky conditions for teaching and studies. The structure is a 6m-diameter dome and promises to set various condition for energy related and lighting research activities. The sky dome is also equipped a heliodon, the tilt table, to facilitate additive direct sun impact under clear skies. Shading studies, using scale models with the heliodon, reveal how a building's design blocks or permits light's passage to the interior; solar access studies, and tests of the reflection and transmittance characteristics of new daylighting technologies. The design and construction specification and the initial operating experience with a building configuration are reported.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.67-72
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• 2005

자연채광 성능평가의 연구 방법으로는 현장측정, 축소모형실험, 수학적 알고리즘에 기초한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 등이 있다. 현장측정과 축소모형실험은 비교적 높은 신뢰도를 얻을 수 있는 방법이지만, 변화가 많은 자연광의 특성으로 인해 객관성 있는 측정결과를 얻는 것에 제한적이었다. 인공천공돔(Sky Simulator, Artificial Sky Dome)은 축소모형 실험 시 이러한 문제점의 보완을 위한 평가 시설이며 천공의 상태를 일관성 있게 조정함으로써 보다 객관성 있는 자연채광연구를 실시할 수 있다. 이에 따라 K대학에서는 직경 6[m], 높이 3.7[m]의 인공천공돔을 자체 개발 제작하여 연구에 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 인공천공돔 기존사례에 대한 고찰과 이를 바탕으로 제작된 K대학 인공천공돔의 개요를 소개하고 기본적인 물리량 측정을 통해 인공천공돔의 신뢰성을 검증하고 유용성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.89-106
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• 1993

Wherever Buddhism has flourished, there were stupas in the form of monuments which have their origin in the tumulm of prehistoric times. After the death of Buddha, his body was cremated following the Indian funeral custom. His ashes, which long reserved for the remains of nobles and holymen, were enshrined under such artificial hills of earth and brick. The Stupa was in origin a simple burial-mound. The form of the burial-mound was a symbolical or magic reconstruction of the imagined shape of the sky, like a dome covering the earth. The domical form of the earliest tumuli may have been concious replicas of the shape of the Vedic hut. There are relationships which may have originally existed between the stupa and West Asiatic monuments. Buddhist Stupa originally cosisted of an almost hemispherical tumulus(anda) and an altar-like structure (harmika) on its top, surmounted by one or several superimposed honorific umbrellas (hti, catta). This hemispherical form is associated with centralisation, lunar worship, mother earth, and Siva. Anda means a symbol of latent creative power, the harmika symbolizes the sanctuary enthroned aboved the world. The honorific umbrella, as an abstract imitation of the shade-giving tree is one of the chief solar symbols and that of enlightenment.