• 제목/요약/키워드: Art Criticism

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1990년대 중국조선족 시문학 비평의 쟁점들 - 『문학과 예술』, 『장백산』을 중심으로 (The Issue of the Korean-Chinese Poetic Criticism in 1990's - Focusing on the Magazine Literature and Art(Munhakwayesul), Zhangbaikshan)

  • 장은영
    • 비교문화연구
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    • 제40권
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    • pp.159-183
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    • 2015
  • 본 논의는 변화와 개혁의 시기였던 1990년대 중국조선족 문학의 쟁점들을 시문학 비평을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 중국의 개혁개방 이후의 사회적 변화는 조선족문학이 기존의 문예 이론이나 문학적 경향에서 탈피하여 새로움을 추구하는 동시에 존립의 방향과 정체성을 재점검하는 계기가 되었다. 본고는 "문학과 예술", "장백산"에 실린 비평들을 통해 이 시기 조선족문학의 상황과 시대적 문제의식 그리고 그들이 추구한 방향성은 무엇이었는지에 주목해보았다. 사회 문화적 개방화의 물결 속에서 조선족 비평가들은 비평의 위기와 극복 방안에 대해 논의를 진행했다. 사회주의 리얼리즘적 창작 방법을 추구했던 기존의 작품들과 달리 변화하는 현실과 그것을 반영한 작품들을 보면서 평단은 비평의 역량을 강화하기 위해 무엇보다 지식과 이론의 수용이 필요하다는 점을 제기했다. 이런 움직임은 사회주의 문예이론을 완전히 탈피하고자 하는 것은 아니었지만 비평의 질적 발전을 위해 다양한 이론의 섭수가 중요하다는 점이 강조되었다. 그리고 새로운 비평 이론에 대한 갈망과 요구는 시문학 비평에서 현대성에 관한 논의로 이어졌다. 비평가들은 문예지를 통해 서구의 문예이론을 소개하는 한편, 포스트모더니즘이나 탈이데올로기적 추세를 비판적으로 수용하며 조선족문학이 추구해야 하는 현대성이란 무엇인가에 대해 방향을 모색했다. 조선족문학의 현대성 논의는 조선족의 문화적 전통 및 특수성을 보여줄 수 있는 문화정체성 형상화에 대한 모색으로 이어졌다. 한편 조선족 비평은 민족문화와 민족정신을 계승하고자 하는 목표 아래 세계 문학과의 교류와 소통을 제기하기도 했다. 비평가들은 세계 문학과 공감할 수 있는 문학의 보편성을 획득하는 동시에 조선족 민족문화의 특수성을 형상화하고자 했다. 남영전의 토템시는 그러한 노력의 성공적인 결과물이라 할 수 있다. 1990년대 조선족 비평은 조선족문학만이 아니라 조선족 사회의 위기 앞에서 균열과 해체의 시대를 극복하는 방안을 제시하고자 노력했다. 이런 조선족 비평의 움직임은 중국이나 북한, 한국과 차별화되는 한글문학의 한 주체로서의 가능성을 보여주었다는 점에서 그 의의를 지닌다.

건축 표절 논의를 위한 미학의 차용 적용에 관한 연구 (The Applicability of Aesthetics of Appropriation for the Discussion on Architectural Plagiarism)

  • 김영선;최재필
    • 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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    • 제36권5호
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    • pp.11-22
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    • 2020
  • It is the juristocracy in architecture to judge the architectural plagiarism by copyright law. The architectural plagiarism should judge by architectural criticism. From the point of the criticism to discuss architectural plagiarism, the study on artistic imitation should be preceding. The current discussion on architectural plagiarism doesn't consider artistic imitation. Therefore, the result of the discussion only focused on whether the building is plagiarizing or not. From the point of architectural criticism, there should be three considerations, which are creation, imitation, and plagiarism. In the study of Aesthetics, it theorized artistic imitation as the appropriation. With the understanding of the appropriation, contemporary art is developing the discourse on plagiarism beyond the boundary of plagiarism fundamentalism. The purpose of this study is to apply the appropriation to the discussion of architectural plagiarism. The study introduces the discourse on architectural plagiarism rather than judging it with copyright law. There so the study categorized the aesthetics standard of appropriation art, then apply it to the architecture cases. The architecture cases subjects of analysis are the glasshouse by Philip Johnson, National Museum of Australia by Howard Raggatt, and the Meiquan 22nd Century in China. At the point of the appropriation theory, the glasshouse is the only architectural appropriation, and others need to apply the evaluation criteria of plagiarism.

포스트-미디엄과 포스트프로덕션 : 포스트모더니즘 이후 현대미술의 '동시대성(contemporaneity)' (Post-Medium and Postproduction: Contemporaneity of Contemporary Art)

  • 정연심
    • 미술이론과 현장
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    • 제14호
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    • pp.187-215
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    • 2012
  • In recent studies of art historical methodology, such as Critical Terms for Art History and The Art of Art History, subjectivity, identity, abjection, and other terms have been placed safely in the genealogy of contemporary art history. This paper questions the contemporaneity in the story of contemporary art in our time in relation to two other critical terms that have been regularly cited by contemporary critics, not only in Euro-American fields but also in Korea. The terms are postmedium and postproduction, respectively, as used by Rosalind Krauss and Nicolas Bourriaud. This paper stems from the critical condition in which art criticism and theory have their power in the rise of neo-liberalism. But this paper does not deal with the contemporary as a chronological term for art history but rather examines the three critical terms-contemporaneity, post-medium, and postproduction-that have garnered scholarly attention. I would like to put aside postmodernism for the moment; I don't disregard the postmodern condition although the death of postmodern critical terms has resulted in the loss of its polemical power in art worlds such as in exhibitions, etc. To look at "the postproduction in the age of post-medium age after postmodernism," I first explore Krauss's notion of post-medium because, unlike media artists like Lev Manovich and Peter Weibel, Krauss's post-medium condition is different and insists on medium specificity. In this sense, Krauss has turned out to be another Greenberg in disguise. For her, photography and video are expanded mediums after Greenberg, because Krauss has spent her life explicating those mediums. Under the Cup, her recent publication, came out in 2011, and discusses her desire to defend medium-specificity against the intermedia of installation art found ubiquitously in international exhibitions and biennales. Her usage of post-medium has been taken up by Weibel as postmedia in a broader sense. But whether the post-medium condition or the postmedia age, we nonetheless enter the new age of the contemporary. Consequently, this paper questions what constitutes contemporaneity in our times. It is said that there is nothing new on earth, yet I find original artistic strategies among the younger generation in the postmedia age. The contemporary justifies its place in art fields and criticism by keeping its distance from postmodernism although we still find the remnants of postmodern artistic practices and theoretical foundations. By looking at materials written by Terry Smith, I would like to examine contemporaneity as a rhetoric where artists, critics, and curators endeavor to set up a new spirit of criticism, distant from the past of modernism and postmodernism. In discussions, modernism and postmodernism act as catalysts interacting with each other while justifying their own place. In conclusion, my paper reaches to delineate where the contemporary finds its place among artists' responses and working methods. It explores the postproduction of the Internet and the World Wide Web generations, where images become data rather than representation (of modernism) and appropriation (of postmodernism). This paper analyzes Bourriaud's text, as well as relevant artists like Pierre Huyghe, Liam Gillick, and others. By examining the aforementioned critical terms, I would like to reconsider our own contemporary art in Korea, especially among young artists influenced by digital media and the World Wide Web in the 1990s.

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모더니즘 미술비평에 있어서 '자율성' (Autonomy)의 문제 (A Matter of Autonomy in Art Criticism on Modernism)

  • 최광진
    • 조형예술학연구
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    • 제3권
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    • pp.87-144
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    • 2001
  • This study looks into historical genealogy of autonomy in art criticism on modernism and presents the view of the judgment and correction about that. A matter of autonomy in art appeared in the attempt to totally reconsider and upset the theory of 'Mimesis' or 'Representation' which was the basis of traditional aesthetic theory. In the traditional theory of representation, they assumed primary image exists first and then tried to obtain visual similarity to it through art works. However, in the theory of autonomy in modernism, they maintained the reduction to pure form' or medium', regarding what art works represents and how similar to primary image are not the true essence of art. In the early 20th century, C. Bell laid the foundation stone of the theory of Formalism', providing that a matter of autonomy is significant form', which is the combination of lines and colors Aesthetic autonomy theory came to a climax by C. Greenberg, who systemized art criticism on modernism in the middle 20th century. According to his theory, the pursuit of the essence of form resulted in the specificity of medium' and flatness. They thought that the autonomy of art would be achieved by eliminating outward social factors from art works. This theory ended by Minimalism preventing the instructive function of art work and only emphasizing its material property. Since the middle 20th century, the autonomy theory was confronted with the limit and intense attack because it resulted in this fixed canon and materialism, so they began laying emphasis on those extrinsic factors around art works such as human life, society, history, and so on. This study focuses on arguing and complementing the limit of autonomy such as the adhesive and fixed canon, and then defining the more dynamic area of it. For this, first, I introduced the view of T. J. Clark and T. Crow who criticized the aesthetic autonomy theory. They denied the transcendental structure of form, and found form only in the association with substantial life and society. And they insisted the dynamism of form by emphasizing form as a result of negation insisted by avant-garde. Second, I researched the view of A. C, Danto and M. Fried, who complemented the traditional autonomy theory. They made autonomy emerge from the fixation of form like flatness through connecting essentialism with historical view. In conclusion, I insist that autonomic position of art make it possible to connect or mediate between material form and human or social elements. Therefore, autonomy should not be reduced to the axis of form or that of society but make interaction between two heterogeneous axes.

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단토의 '철학하는 예술' 개념에 대한 비판적 고찰 (A Critical Study on Arthur C. Danto's' Philosophizing Art')

  • 김백균
    • 미술이론과 현장
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    • 제10호
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    • pp.183-202
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    • 2010
  • The term "philosophizing art" was coined by Arthur Danto, who tried to define new forms of art, especially Andy Warhol's pop art appeared in New York after 1960's, which could not be explained by traditional concept of "representation". As Danto said "the term 'philosophizing art' is unclear, whether art discusses philosophical issues or art is the object of philosophic discussions", it does not seem like Danto himself had a specific idea when he used this term. The background for Danto coining this term derives from the fact that the old art concept such as denotation and connotation could not fully explain phenomenalistic aspects of concept art which appeared frequently at that time. Many articles in his book "philosophizing art", in which many of his criticism are included, mainly say that art begins philosophizing by dealing with not mimesis or representation but concepts. According to his argument, the history of western art, which has been consisted of mimesis and representation, has come to end when art is about physically embodied with meaning. Of course, as Danto say so, what goes to end is not art itself, but the narrative of art. It means master narrative saying art should be shown different from nature or artificial daily product is over. Danto could not find principals of mimesis and representation which had been main logic in the western art history, when he saw Andy Warhol's Brillo Boxes at Stable Gallery, New York in 1964. Danto questioned "if we can not distinguish Brillo box's artistic aspects visually from other factory-made products, how can we distinguish art from non-art", By answering those questions, he discovered two facts which made him realize the end of Art: One is there is no special way in which works of art have to be shown or has to exist. Therefore, art history has proven that commercial boxes, trashes and files of underwear can be a work of art. The other is we have fully recognized it at the end of 20thcentury. Danto confessed that through Brillo Boxes, he realized the works of art are decided by something can not be seen by eyes, not by distinguished differences by looking at it. This thesis is trying to show personal understanding about art, philosophy and discourses surrounding them and to figure out how Dante opened a new world to art criticism by using new definitions such as 'end of art' and 'philosophizing art' which Danto used to explain inner aspects of art.

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For Whom Does the Educational Evaluation Exist? A Study for Improving Mathematic Educational Evaluation System in South Korea Based on Eisner's Evaluation Theory

  • KIM, Rina;ALBERT, Lillie R.
    • 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2016
  • An accurate evaluation of educational process is a promise for the progress of education, because evaluation provides a meticulous idea of what has actually been achieved as a result of education. However, for all its significance in the educational fields, there are not many discussions about evaluation in South Korea. We believe that in order to overcome this discrepancy, diverse evaluation theories along with a discussion about the merits or demerits or each theory should be introduced in South Korea. We propose that Eisner's educational evaluation model may suggest alternative ways of perceiving evaluation. Eisner's educational evaluation model, named educational connoisseurship and criticism, emerged as an approach to educational evaluation from the methods used in art and literary criticism.

누보 팝 아트 이미지 패션의 특성 (The Characteristics of les Nouveau Pop Art Image Fashion)

  • 이영희;김현미;장애란
    • 복식
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    • 제61권5호
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    • pp.106-122
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    • 2011
  • The ultimate purpose of the research is to solve the problem that fashion inspired by les Nouveau Pop Artic criticism and satirical factors is interpreted as concept of American Pop Art style, even though there is distinct difference between les Nouveau Pop Art style and American Pop Art style. We think that the reason causing the problem is that les Nouveau Pop Art is not familiar to the general public, even though it is getting attentions as trends treated by les Nouveau Pop Artists. Above all there is insufficient study to establish a theoretical system and a concrete concept on les Nouveau Pop Art. Therefore, this study is to set up the theoretical concept on les Nouveau Pop Art based on comparisons and analysis of the characteristics of works expressed les Nouveau Pop artists, and to draw the concept of les Nouveau Pop image fashion. The result of this study indicate that les Nouveau Pop Art Image Fashion is defined as "fashion design borrowing the concept and image from les Nouveau Pop Art and blending and consisting of the themes, characteristics and techniques from les Nouveau Pop Art.

만화비평의 준거 마련을 위한 기초연구 -고전적 예술이론을 바탕으로- (A Base Research in regards to the Standards of Comics Criticism -Based on the Classical Aesthetic Theories-)

  • 고철환;안성혜
    • 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘텐츠학회 2006년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.763-766
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    • 2006
  • 만화가 예술장르의 하나로써 회자되는 것을 발견하기란 어렵지 않다. 그런데도 여전히 예술 전반에 관한 논의에서 만화는 제외되는 일이 흔한 것은, 만화의 예술적 가치를 규명하고 알리기 위한 노력이 그 효과를 보이지 못하고 있기 때문인 듯싶다. 어떤 예술장르의 가치를 밝혀내어 알리고 그 위상을 굳건히 다지게끔 하는 일은 비평의 몫이다[l]. 그러나 만화비평은 그와 같은 기능을 위한 뚜렷한 준거가 마련되지 않은 바, 그러므로 본고에서는 만화비평이 만화의 예술적 가치를 판단하고 제시하기 위해 어떠한 준거를 가져야 하는지를 논하고자 한다. 이를 위해 모든 예술의 보편 타당한 가치를 밝히고자 시도했던 예술이론들을 대상으로 논의를 진행하여 각 예술이론들로부터 도출 가능한 준거들을 살펴보고, 그들이 만화에 대해 구체적으로 제시할 수 있는 준거에 대해 살펴본다.

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