• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

This study aims to determine the physicochemical and sensory qualities of yogurt dressing prepared with mulberry juice(0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%). As the amount of organic acid added with mulberry juice increased, malic acid, acetic acid and citric acid contents increased, while tartaric acid content decreased. The viscosity of the control group(5033.33 cP) was higher than that of the others(3043.33~736.67 cP). The pH of the control group(3.38) was lower than that of the others(3.38~3.45). The sweetness of the control group(15.80) was lower than that of the others(16.30~16.83). As for the colors, L value decreased significantly, whereas a value and b value increased significantly with more mulberry juice added. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the control group was 8.61%, whereas that of yogurt dressing samples with mulberry juice ranged from 21.98~50.65%. The sensory property results showed that yogurt dressing with 20% mulberry juice added group had the highest value in terms of color, taste, mouth feel and overall acceptability. Overall, the result of this study indicates that the yogurt dressing containing 20% of mulberry juice was most preferred among the groups.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2020

Advancements in digital technology have caused significant changes to the tradition of creative educational activities. Such an with digital technology is prone to an error where digital technology itself becomes the goal, ignoring educational efficacy grounded on improved user experience and immersion. Previously, picture book-making activities for children allow them to actively participate in the process of book-making, and is often employed to instill reading habits as well as nurture linguistic abilities. Aside from such picture book-making activities, diverse efforts are being made for innovation in educational pedagogy through digital technology. However, as the goal of children's picture book-making activities is realizing creative education through expressions in language and pictures, digital technology should be considered in the viewpoint of fusion, not as a simple replacement to the traditional tools employed in children's picture book-making activities. This study examines previous researches related to children's picture book-making activities to propose contents and methodology allowing effective immersion by fusing digital technology based on a physical environment, from the viewpoint of fusion and integration. Expect this study will become a fundamental data in visualizing a practical integration of digital technology in future creative education.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.321-329
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence. Methods: The analysis was performed using data from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of the Korean civilian population conducted from 2010 to 2012. The analyses were restricted to males who were 40 years of age and above. Complex sample multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of COPD prevalence with 25(OH)D and other factors. Results: $FEV_1/FEV_6$ varied significantly with smoking status, age, household income, education level, occupation, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (p < 0.05). In univariate analysis, smoking status, BMI, household income, education level, and occupation showed association with COPD (p < 0.05), but vitamin D was not associated with COPD (p = 0.078). However, when adjusted with smoking status, household income, education level, occupation, BMI, age, and smoking index, the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D showed OR 1.643 (95% CI 1.161-2.236) compared to 3rd quartile (p = 0.024). Conclusion: A significant relationship was observed between serum concentration of 25(OH)D and COPD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.297-297
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• 2010

Precise control of the position and density of doping elements at the nanoscale is becoming a central issue for realizing state-of-the-art silicon-based optoelectronic devices. As dimensions are scaled down to take benefits from the quantum confinement effect, however, the presence of interfaces and the nature of materials adjacent to silicon turn out to be important and govern the physical properties. Utilization of visible light is a promising method to overcome the efficiency limit of the crystalline Si solar cells. Si quantum dots (QDs) have been proposed as an emission source of visible light, which is based on the quantum confinement effect. Light emission in the visible wavelength has been reported by controlling the size and density of Si QDs embedded within various types of insulating matrix. For the realization of all-Si QD solar cells with homojunctions, it is prerequisite not only to optimize the impurity doping for both p- and n-type Si QDs, but also to construct p-n homojunctions between them. In this study, XPS and SIMS were used for the development of p-type and n-type Si quantum dot solar cells. The stoichiometry of SiOx layers were controlled by in-situ XPS analysis and the concentration of B and P by SIMS for the activated doping in Si nano structures. Especially, it has been experimentally evidenced that boron atoms in silicon nanostructures confined in SiO2 matrix can segregate into the Si/$SiO_2$ interfaces and the Si bulk forming a distinct bimodal spatial distribution. By performing quantitative analysis and theoretical modelling, it has been found that boron incorporated into the four-fold Si crystal lattice can have electrical activity. Based on these findings, p-type Si quantum dot solar cell with the energy-conversion efficiency of 10.2% was realized from a [B-doped $SiO_{1.2}$(2 nm)/$SiO_2(2\;nm)]^{25}$ superlattice film with a B doping level of $4.0{\times}10^{20}\;atoms/cm^2$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.83-89
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• 2001

Recent advances in the structural and molecular biology uncovered that a set of translation factors resembles a tRNA shape and, in one case, even mimics a tRNA function for deciphering the genetic ：ode. Nature must have evolved this 'art' of molecular mimicry between protein and ribonucleic acid using different protein architectures to fulfill the requirement of a ribosome 'machine'. Termination of protein synthesis takes place on the ribosomes as a response to a stop, rather than a sense, codon in the 'decoding' site (A site). Translation termination requires two classes of polypeptide release factors (RFs)： a class-I factor, codon-specific RFs (RFI and RF2 in prokaryotes; eRFI in eukaryotes), and a class-IT factor, non-specific RFs (RF3 in prokaryotes; eRF3 in eukaryotes) that bind guanine nucleotides and stimulate class-I RF activity. The underlying mechanism for translation termination represents a long-standing coding problem of considerable interest since it entails protein-RNA recognition instead of the well-understood codon-anticodon pairing during the mRNA-tRNA interaction. Molecular mimicry between protein and nucleic acid is a novel concept in biology, proposed in 1995 from three crystallographic discoveries, one, on protein-RNA mimicry, and the other two, on protein-DNA mimicry. Nyborg, Clark and colleagues have first described this concept when they solved the crystal structure of elongation factor EF- Tu：GTP：aminoacyl-tRNA ternary complex and found its overall structural similarity with another elongation factor EF-G including the resemblance of part of EF-G to the anticodon stem of tRNA (Nissen et al. 1995). Protein mimicry of DNA has been shown in the crystal structure of the uracil-DNA glycosylase-uracil glycosylase inhibitor protein complex (Mol et al. 1995; Savva and Pear 1995) as well as in the NMR structure of transcription factor TBP-TA $F_{II}$ 230 complex (Liu et al. 1998). Consistent with this discovery, functional mimicry of a major autoantigenic epitope of the human insulin receptor by RNA has been suggested (Doudna et al. 1995) but its nature of mimic is. still largely unknown. The milestone of functional mimicry between protein and nucleic acid has been achieved by the discovery of 'peptide anticodon' that deciphers stop codons in mRNA (Ito et al. 2000). It is surprising that it took 4 decades since the discovery of the genetic code to figure out the basic mechanisms behind the deciphering of its 64 codons.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.621-627
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Curcuma longa L. powder (CLP) on the quality characteristics of a dumpling shell. Dumpling shell samples were prepared with wheat flour and different amounts of CLP were added to them, after which their instrumental characteristics and sensory evaluation were investigated. The gelatinization temperature of the CLP-wheat flours composite increased, whereas its initial viscosity at $95^{\circ}C$, viscosity at $95^{\circ}C$ after 15 min and maximum viscosity all fell with the increasing CLP content, as measured via amylography. As increasing amounts of CLP were added, the L value decreased, whereas the a and b values increased. With regard to the textural characteristics, the CLP additive became harder, more cohesive and adhesive, and less springy. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity increased significantly as the CLP content increased (p<0.05). Overall, the dumpling shells with 3% CLP were preferred over the other samples, as tested via sensory evaluation.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2008

Pacific saury, Cololabis saira kwamaegi, is a traditional local food of the Eastern sea area centering around Pohang. It is well-recognized as being both tasty and nutritious. Nevertheless, bacterial contamination, excessive dryness, and compositional changes have made it edible only during the winter months. Therefore, to improve its storage, this study examined the effects of storage material, type, temperature, and duration on compositional changes in kwamaegi. The studied samples were kwamaegis that had been dried naturally for 15 days. The storage materials included an A-film, a self-developed multi-film made of polyethylene, polyamide, EVOH, and polyethylene; as well as a B-film made of polyethylene, nylon, polyethylene, nylon and polyethylene. The B films were used after pressing and laminating. The storage types included one whole fish(1G), or 2 divided fish(2G), to increase eating convenience. The 2G type was the muscle portion divided vertically after discarding the jowl, skin, and internal organs. The storage temperatures were $0^{\circ}C$, $-15^{\circ}C$, and $-30^{\circ}C$, and the storage durations were 2, 4, and 6 months. Pathogenic bacteria and rheology were measured to observe general compositional changes. The whole kwamaegi showed a total cell number of $1,565{\pm}112$ CFU/100 g flesh, while the divided Kwamaegi showed significantly greater bacterial numbers at $2,031{\pm}145$ CFU/100 g flesh. Psychrophils and halophils increased significantly while coliform were not found; the number of mesophils also increased, but not significantly. There were no significant cell number variations between the A-film and B-film. At $0^{\circ}C$, both the A-and B-films resulted in cell numbers of $115{\sim}212$ CFU/100 g flesh, revealing just $7.3{\sim}10.4%$ of the initial storage levels. Overall, there were no significant differences between the storage materials. Generally, as the storage temperature and duration increased, the moisture content of the kwamaegi decreased. Also, as storage duration and temperature increased, crude protein and crude lipid contents increased; in addition, they increased proportionally as the moisture content of the fish decreased. There were no significant differences in crude ash content with respect to the storage materials, storage temperatures, or storage durations. Finally, there were no significant differences between the kwamaegi samples naturally dried for 15 days and those stored in the B-film vacuum storage for 6 months for strength, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and water activity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2006

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether a diet supplemented with brown rice koji (BRK) results in a reduced stress response in rats and mice. BRK, which has been suggested as a candidate for use as a stress- and fatigue-fighting supplement, was compared with red ginseng extract (RG) for its stress-reducing potential. The animals in this study were divided into no-stress, stress, RG, and BRK groups of 8 to 10 animals each. Stress was induced by means of immobilization (being restrained in plastic tubes for 30 min and electroshock (0.5 mA in mice or 2 mA in rats for 5 min). The no-stress group was not exposed to stress. Rats in the RG group received oral doses of 200 mg RG extract/kg body weight daily. The BRK group was fed a 30% BRK diet and exposed to stress. Animals were given supplements for 7 days before being exposed to stress, and then were given supplements for 5 days with exposure to stress. When the stress exposure ended, the animals were observed for stress-related changes in behavior and their plasma corticosterone levels were measured. BRK supplementation was associated with a partial blockade of the effects of stress on locomotion and elevated plus-maze test results in rats and mice. It was also associated with a partial reduction in stress-induced behaviors such as freezing, burrowing, smelling, face-washing, and rearing. BRK supplementation did not have a significant effect on plasma corticosterone levels, which were increased in the animals exposed to stress (p<0.01). The mice in the RG group received RG in water (2 mg RG/ mL $H_2O$), and the BRK group received a 30% BRK diet (weight) for 7 days. Both groups were evaluated for signs of fatigue. BRK supplementation increased endurance, as indicated by time on the rota-rod, in cold water, and on the horizontal wire. These results suggest that BRK supplementation partially protects the animal from the effects of stress and may also contribute to resistance to fatigue on physical exertion.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.916-922
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• 2010

The quality characteristics and antioxidant activities were evaluated for jams containing fructooligosaccharide (FTO) and FTOS (sucrose 50%+FTO 50%) substituted for sucrose. The endpoint of jam preparation was determined to be sweetness of $64^{\circ}Brix$. Moisture contents differed among the treatments, whereas acidity did not. Reducing sugar content and viscosity were highest in the FTO (0.144%, 126,800 cP), and the lowest in control (0.074%, 101,600 cP). Lightness (L value), redness (a value), and yellowness (b value) values of the Hunter color system were highest in the FTO sample. Hardness and springiness of textural properties were the highest in the FTO sample as well. Antioxidant activities were the highest in the FTO sample with the lowest $IC_50$ values (42.3 mg/g for DPPH and 22.4 mg/g for hydroxyl radical scavenging activities). Total phenolic content was the highest in the FTO sample among all treatments. The overall acceptance score of black garlic jam containing FTO was the highest. Based on these results, it is suggested that FTO was appropriate for achieving good qualities such as antioxidative activity in black garlic jam.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.1 s.91
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• pp.25-42
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• 2005

Costume is a formative art expressed by active human unlike the field of other living formativeness, and an expression of social actions based on a style of culture in a period. Therefore, costume has a deep connection with a mode of living and is recognized as a 'culture for living', and is more characteristic culture than all metaphysical cultures including architecture, craft, painting, and sculpture. Therefore, it expresses wearer's status or social standing, and furthermore, ideas and values of the times with aesthetic features in their form, color, materials, and pattern, so it is expressed as a mirror reflecting the phases of the times as. Korean costume had been dressed until the period of the Joseon Dynasty without a great change and started to be simplified in a simple style on the grounds of inconvenience in behaviors with the opening of an interchange of Western culture in the civilized period. And, this movement had been continued and Korean costume had been applied as an everyday dress under the name of 'Reformed Korean Costume'. Since the middle phase of 1980s, it aroused many people's interests with the introduction of designs focused on activity and convenience. In 1990's, many people had taken a growing interest in Korean costume with development of various designs keeping pace with the internationalization period and Korean Costume had been revitalized under the name of 'The Modernized Korean Costume'. And, since the 21st century, the advanced communication and full-scaled import of Western fashion have made the introduction of many fashion information in the world into Korea, affected greatly the fashion market, led consumers' sensitivity on a trend to be increased. Therefore, a design accepting a trend 'The Modernized Korean Costume' with fashions has risen. Second, this study is an attempt to suggest a revitalization method of domestic casual Korean costume brands by developing and suggesting competitive and highly value-added products with connection of practicality, variety, and highly sensitive fashion styles. For theoretical study, domestic and foreign literatures, academic journals, professional monthly magazines, and newspapers were examined. And, a process of change and features of the Korean fashion since the civilization period, and concept, features and images of casual Korean costume were analyzed, On the basis of analyzing image, features, and consumers' preference of the modernized Korean costume, a design development plan was established and 10 suits of costume were designed and made.