• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.23
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• pp.87-139
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• 2010

Unlike in the past, a new paradigm has been presented which the use of records is much more important than the preservation of those in the present. It will be necessary for users to signalizes the value of records and to make themselves easily accessible to records in order that records should be more effectively used. To meet the needs of the times, it is the very 'Contents' that starts to attract public attention. National Archives in England produces and provides contents utilizing multi-media by using digital technology on various sorts of archives which England has. In addition to England, Asian Historical Records center in Japan in Japan makes Archival Contents Service reflecting users' needs and continues to update the latest contents. What is more, National Archives of Korea has recently promoted the introduction of digital archive by the change of archival paradigm in records management, and it is giving an impetus to the development of contents in the digital archive. In fact, it is crucial to keep as many contents as possible and to give service to public, but it will not be possible to get positive response from public and to offer much higher level of archival information service until the quality of contents is highly improved. Accordingly, this manuscript analyzed the feature and type of contents which National Archives of Korea provides with cases of both TNA in England and Asian Historical Records center in Japan, each of which has different characteristics. Also, it dealt with several methods of the usage of contents in those organizations. Furthermore, this study explained what kind of contents and feedback are given to users. Moreover, it divided the components of contents of three institutions as mentioned into three by information provided and evaluated the quality of contents by establishing the details of contents. In addition, there were implications for archives with regard to reference for building contents.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.1
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• pp.23-76
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• 2000

In this paper, I examined what have been researched and determined about preservation strategy and selection of preservation media in the western archival community. Archivists have primarily been concerned with 'preservation' and 'use' of archival materials worth of being preserved permanently. In the new information era, preservation and use of archival materials were faced with new challenge. Life expectancy of paper records was shortened due to acidification and brittleness of the modem papers. Also emergence of information technology affects the traditional way of preservation and use of archival materials. User expectations are becoming so high technology-oriented and so complicated as to make archivists act like information managers using computer technology rather than traditional archival handicraft. Preservation strategy plays an important role in archival management as well as information management. For a cost-effective management of archives and archival institutions, preservation strategy is a must. The preservation strategy encompasses all aspects of archival preservation process and practices, from selection of archives, appraisal, inventorying, arrangement, description, conservation, microfilming or digitization, archival buildings, and access service. Those archival functions should be considered in their relations to each other to ensure proper preservation of archival materials. In the integrated preservation strategy, 'preservation' and 'use' should be combined and fulfilled without sacrificing the other. Preservation strategy planning is essential to determine the policies of archives to preserve their holdings safe and provide people with a maximum access in most effective ways. Preservation microfilming is to ensure permanent preservation of information held in important archival materials. To do this, a detailed standardization has been developed to guarantee the permanence of microfilm as well as its product quality. Silver gelatin film can last up to 500 years in the optimum storage environment and the most viable option for permanent preservation media. ISO and ANIS developed such standards for the quality of microfilms and microfilming technology. Preservation microfilming guidelines was also developed to ensure effective archival management and picture quality of microfilms. It is essential to assess the need of preservation microfilming. Limit in resources always put a restraint on preservation management. Appraisal (and selection) of what to be preserved was the most important part of preservation microfilming. In addition, microfilms with standard quality can be scanned to produce quality digital images for instant use through internet. As information technology develops, archivists began to utilize information technology to make preservation easier and more economical, and to promote use of archival materials through computer communication network. Digitization was introduced to provide easy and universal access to unique archives, and its large capacity of preserving archival data seems very promising. However, digitization, i.e., transferring images of records to electronic codes, still, needs to be standardized. Digitized data are electronic records, and st present electronic records are very unstable and not to be preserved permanently. Digital media including optical disks materials have not been proved as reliable media for permanent preservation. Due to their chemical coating and physical character using light, they are not stable and can be preserved at best 100 years in the optimum storage environment. Most CD-R can last only 20 years. Furthermore, obsolescence of hardware and software makes hard to reproduce digital images made from earlier versions. Even if when reformatting is possible, the cost of refreshing or upgrading of digital images is very expensive and the very process has to be done at least every five to ten years. No standard for this obsolescence of hardware and software has come into being yet. In short, digital permanence is not a fact, but remains to be uncertain possibility. Archivists must consider in their preservation planning both risk of introducing new technology and promising possibility of new technology at the same time. In planning digitization of historical materials, archivists should incorporate planning for maintaining digitized images and reformatting them in the coming generations of new applications. Without the comprehensive planning, future use of the expensive digital images will become unavailable. And that is a loss of information, and a final failure of both 'preservation' and 'use' of archival materials. As peter Adelstein said, it is wise to be conservative when considerations of conservations are involved.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.59-92
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to develop the indicator and scale for evaluating the service environments of archives and to assess the physical service environments of National Archives of Korea (NAK), and then to suggest the alternatives to improve the current service environments on the basis of the results of evaluation. To achieve the purpose, the study designed three research phases: first, to develop the indicator and scale to measure the current service environments by merging universal design indicators and various standards of NAK for establishing facilities and environments on the basis of the barrier-free authentication indicators; second, to evaluate the current service environments of NAK with the newly developed scale; finally to suggest alternatives to improve the current environments on the basis of the evaluation findings. The study found that current service environments of NAK have critical limits on the areas and facilities to provide direct archival information services to users such as reference service desks, showrooms, education rooms, seminar rooms, etc. On the basis of the results, the study suggested the alternatives and further studies for making barrier-free service environments of archives.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.39
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• pp.229-280
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• 2014

This essay focused on the critical review of Korean National Archives System(KNAS) since 1999. We think that KNAS could establish the backbone with basic records law on 1999. It's right. But it is not enough for explaining the full historical growth. there are some factors below the growth. This essay tried to the basic three factors below. That means the the demonstration discourse, archival system practices, and archiving technologies in the contexts of the unique standard by the basic records law. These three factors have been the powerful engine for the take-off of KNAS since 1999. However, the powerful history has shadows of growth. This essay narrated the shadows by the frame of 'counter-destiny'. The most dangerous shadow is the loss of archival cultures because the KNAS has been composed of efficiency mentality. That means that KNAS has no unique archival culture for citizenship. So, this essay tried to talk about 'Post1999' to Archives Community.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.30
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• pp.89-123
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• 2011

Archival materials in film archives is a memories and archival documents of human which is generated from cultural activities of human being, and provided long-term relevant information. However, it is different general public audio-visual records because main purpose of representing culture to create the contents of private sector rather than evidence of the factual information of public service activities. Therefore, should determine the description principle and rule in order to reflect specific physical, intellectual characteristics. So as to control the description, that is need in the textual standards to base the specific purposes and rules thus analyzed the international description standards as Dublin Core, ISAD(G), FIAF Cataloguing Rules For Film Archives. As a result, more effectively to describe archival materials in film archives required significant modifications in the organizations of the areas and the elements. This study argues that first, to divide existence the concept and the reality (work/item) of archival materials in film archives. Second, to need understanding and indicating their content, context, structure. Third, to establish of the areas and the elements including a characteristic of it. The final suggestion organizes separately to 6th and 8th areas, 22th and 25th elements in two parts. This conclusion does not prepare to refer the status and/or policy of a particular film arhicve, can be set accordingly to a specific elements or sub-elements by the film archives.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2023

This study aims to propose implications for the development of archival content of archives management institutions in Korea by analyzing cases of the archival content on Instagram of the national archives in the Anglosphere. The basic information of the research target's Instagram account, including the creation date, content, and the number of followers, was investigated, and the posts' contents and interaction types with high user responses were analyzed. As a result, to spread the records information service using Instagram, producing images and short-form content that can be intuitively checked through mobile screens and creating content that will attract the attention of primary users are required. Moreover, it is necessary to develop content for informative communications that can be shared with other users. There is also a need to enhance the exposure and searchability of the institution's Instagram account by strengthening connections with the institution's existing online resources and enabling communications, such as using hashtags, following related institutional accounts, and providing feedback on the contents' comments with followers. This study is meaningful in that it examined cases of archival content for Instagram and suggested their applications, and it can be used as basic data to help plan archival contents to spread the archival culture.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.61
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• pp.119-156
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• 2019

The records centers service of public institutions helps efficient work activities of internal users, who actually do the work, and becomes the foundation for strengthening the competitiveness of the institution. Based on QFD technique, one of the quality control techniques, this study was intended to propose a plan to improve the quality of the records center service by analyzing and comparing the quality of the records center service of public institutions. To this end, as a follow-up study of Lee, Su-jin(2018), the research target was expanded to local governments to apply the QFD technique and reconstructed the HoQ based on the results of the expanded QFD application. Moreover, this study suggested measures to improve the quality of service in the records center of public institutions by compiling the implications of comparing the records center service HoQ and prioritizing the technology characteristics of the records center service.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.5
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• pp.39-85
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• 2002

This paper is aimed at proposing the policies for managing archives in the process of promoting Electronic Government System. Although there have been many studies of electronic government project and plans for its establishment, this research examines the electronic government system and its problems on the basis of archival science. What I acquired in this paper is as follows. The development of information technology needs great changes ranging from the nation to the individuals. It becomes common that the use of computerized program for business purposes, computerization of information materials and the effective way of search use of electronic documents. Therefore, more and more countries all over the world have been seeking to promote 'Electronic Government', which applies the fruits of the development in information technology to administration process. Recently, Korea has been rapidly entered into the 'Electronic Government' system being against the traditional way of administration. In electronic government system, the 'Life Cycle' of public records will be computerized. Therefore, it is important to change and develop along with the government's policies for 'electronic government project' in the archival management system. This means that the archival management system which have put emphasis on the textual records should be converted to electronic records system. In other words, the records management in electronic government system requires not the transfer and preservation of the records but the consistent management system including the whole process of creating, appraising, arranging, preserving and using the records. So, the systematic management of electronic records plays an important role in realization of electronic government, but it is a subject to be realized by electronic government at the same time. However, the government have overlooked the importance of archival management for long time, especially the importance of electronic records management system. First of all, this research attempts to infer limits and problems through the theoretical considerations of the existing studies for electronic government and to clear up the relations between electronic government and archival management. Based on this, I'll seek to progress the study through reviewing the present condition of archival management in the process of promoting electronic government and suggesting the policies for enhancing the successful electronic government and the construction of scientific archival management system. Since early 1990, many countries in the world have been making every effort to concrete 'Electronic Government'. Using the examples in other nations, it is not difficult to recognize that the embodiment of electronic government is closely connected with the archival management policies. Korea have completed legal and institutional equipments including the new establishment of "Electronic Government Law" to realize electronic government. Also, Korea has been promoting electronic government with the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs and Government Computer Center as a leaders. Though managing records, especially the management of electronic records is essential in electronic government system, we haven't yet discussed this section in Korea. This is disapproved by the fact the Government Archives and Records Service has played little role in promoting electronic government project. There are two problems relating this environment. First, present system can't meet the consistent 'Life Cycle' ranging from the creation to the preservation of electronic records. Second, the 'Life Cycle' of electronic records is divided into two parts and managed separately by GCC and GARS. The life of records is not end with the process raged from creation to distribution. On the other hand, the records are approved their value only whole procedures. Therefore, GARS should play a deading role in designing and establishing the archival management system. The answer to these problems, is as follows. First, we have to complete the electronic records management system through introducing ERMS not EDMS. This means that we should not change and develop towards ERMS simply with supplementing the current electronic records management system. I confirm that it is important and proper to establish ERMS system from the very beginning of the process of promoting electronic government. Second, I suggest the developmental integration of GARS and GCC. At present, the divided operations of GCC and GARS, the former is in charge of the management center for electronic business and the latter is the hub institution of managing nation's records and archives result in many obstacles in establishing electronic government system and accomplishing the duties of systematic archival management. Therefore, I conclude that the expansive movement towards 'National Archives' through the integration among the related agencies will make a great contribution to the realization of electronic government and the establishment of archival management system. In addition to this, it will be of much help to constitute and operate the 'Task Force' regarding the management of electronic records with the two institution as the central figures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-35
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• 2001

After almost one century of discontinuity in the archival tradition of Chosun dynasty, Korea entered the new age of records and archival management by legislating and executing the basic laws (The Records and Archives Management of Public Agencies Ad of 1999). Annals of Chosun dynasty recorded major historical facts of the five hundred years of national affairs. The Annals are major accomplishment in human history and rare in the world. It was possible because the Annals were composed of collected, selected and complied records of primary sources written and compiled by generations of historians, As important public records are needed to be preserved in original forms in modern archives, we had to develop and establish a modern archival system to appraise and select important national records for archival preservation. However, the colonialization of Korea deprived us of the opportunity to do the task, and our fine archival tradition was not succeeded. A centralized archival system began to develop since the establishment of GARS under the Ministry of Government Administration in 1969. GARS built a modem repository in Pusan in 1984 succeeding to the tradition of History Archives of Chosun dynasty. In 1998, GARS moved its headquarter to Taejon Government Complex and acquired state-of-the-art audio visual archives preservation facilities. From 1996, GARS introduced an automated archival management system to remedy the manual registration and management system complementing the preservation microfilming. Digitization of the holdings was the key project to provided the digital images of archives to users. To do this, the GARS purchased new computer/server systems and developed application softwares. Parallel to this direction, GARS drastically renovated its manpower composition toward a high level of professionalization by recruiting more archivists with historical and library science backgrounds. Conservators and computer system operators were also recruited. The new archival laws has been in effect from January 1, 2000. The new laws made following new changes in the field of records and archival administration in Korea. First, the laws regulate the records and archives of all public agencies including the Legislature, the Judiciary, the Administration, the constitutional institutions, Army, Navy, Air Force, and National Intelligence Service. A nation-wide unified records and archives management system became available. Second, public archives and records centers are to be established according to the level of the agency; a central archives at national level, special archives for the National Assembly and the Judiciary, local government archives for metropolitan cities and provinces, records center or special records center for administrative agencies. A records manager will be responsible for the records management of each administrative divisions. Third, the records in the public agencies are registered in the computer system as they are produced. Therefore, the records are traceable and will be searched or retrieved easily through internet or computer network. Fourth, qualified records managers and archivists who are professionally trained in the field of records management and archival science will be assigned mandatorily to guarantee the professional management of records and archives. Fifth, the illegal treatment of public records and archives constitutes a punishable crime. In the future, the public records find archival management will develop along with Korean government's 'Electronic Government Project.' Following changes are in prospect. First, public agencies will digitize paper records, audio-visual records, and publications as well as electronic documents, thus promoting administrative efficiency and productivity. Second, the National Assembly already established its Special Archives. The judiciary and the National Intelligence Service will follow it. More archives will be established at city and provincial levels. Third, the more our society develop into a knowledge-based information society, the more the records management function will become one of the important national government functions. As more universities, academic associations, and civil societies participate in promoting archival awareness and in establishing archival science, and more people realize the importance of the records and archives management up to the level of national public campaign, the records and archival management in Korea will develop significantly distinguishable from present practice.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.58
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• pp.263-297
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• 2018

Archives of Government-Affiliated Organizations have responsibility for collecting and preserving valuable records produced during the business processes of their work and for actively serving users at the same time. This study applied Quality Function Deployment(QFD) techniques to analyzing user's actual requirements and proposing improvements for the archives service quality of central government agencies. In order to derive the components of the QFD, a survey was conducted among internal users of records centers in six central government agencies, as well as a literature study and interviews with working-level records researcher were also conducted. Afterwards, The House of Quality(HoQ) was constructed based on the user's requirements and technical characteristics derived, and the importance and priority of the recorder service technical characteristics were derived based on it. Based on the results, archives service of central government agencies should focus on improving the usability of records for internal user. Especially, it was confirm that the support for searching, reading and borrowing services should be strengthened.