• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.7-25
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• 2006

This research examines symbolic meanings of architectural style of Japanese ruling era of Korea through analysis of Expo buildings. Expo buidings of Joseon Product Evaluation Expo(1915), Joseon Expo(1929), and Joseon Grand Expo(1940) are chosen as subjects of this research. Expos held in Korea since 1945 were creatures of colonial reign and their objectives are advertising the advancement of Japan. New and latest architectural styles of Western countries were used as a symbol of advancement in non-western countries. Renaissance style and Secession style in Joseon Product Evaluation Expo and Modernism style in Joseon Expo were introduced as architectural styles that symbolize advancement. On the contrary, the traditional architectural style of Joseon Dynasty was distorted as symbol of backwardness. Latest Western Architectural Styles were used elaborately and Intentionally to symbolize advancement and industrialization by Japanese ruling power and companies. Specially, Modernism style operating as 'symbol of advancement' is characteristic of non-western society in attempt to proceed Modernization through Westernization. Also, it can be suggested that architectures in Modernism style are used in ways to symbolize the advancement of the colonial reign authorities within the colonial society.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.11 no.2 s.30
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• pp.7-22
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• 2002

Architectural style is said to be product reflecting political, social and cultural condition. Especially, in colony, architectural style is strongly related to political condition or policy. After colonization in 1910, public buildings with western historical architectural style in Japanese version were widely built by Japanese colonial government in Korea. And in the late 1920s, modernism style in architecture became dominant in Korea as like other countries. In this situation, curious buildings in strange architectural styles came out. One example is railroad station buildings with traditional Korean architectural style and timber house station having a steep roof which is widely used in North Europe such as Alps area with good sights and mountains. Generally, the colonizer says that colonization is the only way to save the colony at crisis defined by colonizer and they insist that they can help the colony modernize. To justify colonization, the colonizer attributes the colonization to the characteristics of the nation and stagnation of the traditional culture etc.. Accordingly, the colonizer tries to depreciate colony's traditional value and culture. In case of colony which has similar cultural background historically (in this case, economical exploitation is less important than other Asian colony by European power), this depreciation of traditional value and culture in Korea was done more strongly than others. At this time, we should understand special relation between Korea and Japan historically. Even though, colony's locality is adopted by the colonizer in public fields, which is based on political purpose or exotic taste etc.. In early days of Japanese ruling period, Japan never use the Korean traditional facts in public. Therefore there is no use of Korean traditional architectural style in public field. In late 1920s, some railroad station buildings were constructed in new styles without precedence in modern Korea. One is railroad station buildings in Korean traditional architectural style, the other is railroad station buildings in timber house stations having a steep roof which is different form western historical architectural style. It was mystery that Japan had constructed railroad stations in Korean traditional style which Japan had tried to destroy together with Western style railroad station buildings. This paper is made to solve the mystery why the colonizer(Japan) constructed entirely different types of railroad stations at the same time in the late 1920s and 1930s. The key point to solve this mystery is tourism. In this paper, to solve this mystery, I try to use terminology' 'Colonial Tourism' in architecture why colonial power had constructed railroad stations with colony's traditional architectural style and Western style having a steep roof which can be seen north European region.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2009

Recently the population to enjoy leisure time has increased, due to the advancement of income level and increase of spare time. In the meantime, the growing attention to well-being life has shed light on Han-ok or traditional Korean house. Such a social background as former, the growing number of people prefer staying at Han-ok style accommodation when they are enjoying leisure time. However there has been little substantial study or survey on architectural standards of Han-ok style accommodation because it is a new type of accommodation facility. Therefore this study aims to suggest a set of basic standards on architectural planning for Han-ok style accommodations. For this purpose, it investigated architectural planning on Han-ok style accommodations in Jeollanamdo province through on-site survey and interview to classify them based upon size and scale of the facility, layout of buildings and interior spaces in terms of function, elevation and materials and to find basic standards on architectural planning of Han-ok style accommodations.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.29-41
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• 2000

The main object of this research was to study the better housing business by the Architectural Association of Chosun. The Architectural Association of Chosun was founded in 1992 and it influenced great deal on the development of Korean architecture. The Architectural Association of Chosun took the first step in business by holding the Better Housing Plan Competition which was the first housing plan competition in Korea, Also, it meant the enlightenment of better cultural housing. Overall, it can be summarized as follows; 1) It could be considered that the Architectural Association of Chosun was connected with the Japanese Colonial Policy of that time. 2) The Better Housing Plan Competition indicated the way of improving better living condition. 3) Most of the prize-wining works emphasized economical and practical way of housing. 4) The wanted to get out of the old conventional way of hosing. 5) All the plans showed \" the living\" and it meant that \" the living: is the centre of family life which connected the modern housing plan. 6) Western way of life was combined with the conventional style, in other words, modernization of life was derived from the western style. 7) Better housing plan which is more suitable for the Korean weather and environment was not considered. 8) Colonial domination of Japanese style could also be found in housing. Most of the plans used Japanese style as the basic housing style. housing style.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.9 no.2 s.23
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• pp.49-63
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• 2000

In this research, we analyzed the activities of Japanese architectural offices in Korea during the Japanese occupation era, classifying them into two groups: first, Japanese architectural offices that had their bases in Korea, and second, Japanese architectural offices that had their bases in Japan. There were totally 98 Japanese architectural offices that had their bases in Korea during the Japanese occupation period. The number of those offices had increased rapidly since 1920s. Nakamura(the design of bank buildings), Tamada(the design of theaters), Otsumi(the design of Japanese style residential houses) can be regarded as the most remarkable Japanese architectural offices among them. We found that these offices already specialized in certain architectural planning fields, such as bank buildings, theaters and residential houses. It was also found that, during the Pacific War period, even privately-managed architectural offices were mobilized for the war by Japanese government, through designing munitions factories, etc. On the one hand, since some large Japanese corporations entered into Korea, many Japanese architectural offices, that had their bases in Japan, got into working in Korea and designed a number of buildings, with the exception of the architectural office of Vories, who was a Christian architect. Even though the place that the activities of these Japanese architectural offices were carried out was Korea, any factors of Korean architectural style couldn't be found In their works. This means that they just transplanted the Japanese modern architectural style in Korea.

• Architectural research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1999

During the first twenty-six years of its existence from 1954 to 1980, Keimyung University established on its Daemyung Campus a unique community of Western period-style buildings which recalls an old liberal arts college in America. During the first fifteen years, Keimyung built basically in the neo-Georgian style in accordance with the visions of the first two presidents, both of American nationality. During the next eleven years when Keimyung considerably expanded its facilities, it built in the neo-Classical style. The architecture of the Daemyung Campus is not without dynamism as it shows some efforts to integrate the expressions of the historical and the modern, culminating in the Main Library. The Daemyung Campus thus presents an interesting case study of how Western period-style architecture was assimilated in a provincial Korean city with a sense of an on-going building tradition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to find what architectural restoration and street-scaping conservation of early settlement in Virginia, which have processed on the style of 18th centuries. One of the settlements in Virginia was Williamsburg that located in the high land between Jamestown and Yorktown. In 1698, the capital of Virginia was moved from Jamestown for the safer environment. At that time they constructed the town like a small urban that had a straight-lined Duke Glocester Street, Georgian style buildings, and landscapes of 18th centuries. Before 1928 the village was flown into ruins, but Rector of the church, Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, understood the value of reservation to restore the village as colonial architectural style that has an original figure. John Rockefeller Jr. has taken part in his restoration of colonial style of architecture and culture. This paper surveyed nine cases of buildings and srtreet-scape on Duke Glocester Street. Most of the buildings on the street have a proposition, balance, and equipment of Georgian architectural facade in 18th centuries. The conclusion has three points. First, the Williamsburg has been reserved as an early colonial settlement through the restoration of architecture and street-scape design. Second, main architectural style is a Georgian form that has a balance, proportion, and simplicity of facade. Also new buildings and additions of architecture have to keep 'Design Review Guideline of Colonial Williamsburg' in order to contribute the existing colonial buildings. Third, the main street-scape, Duke Glocester Street shows Georgian architecture and cultural life pattern with tradition.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.19
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• pp.11-19
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• 1999

This study is about the Characteristics of the Medievalism expressed in the German Architectural Expressionism. The concept of Medievalism is an attitude to revive the social and physical settings on Middle Ages. The social situation and architectural style in the Middle Ages were similar to the German Expressionism in the early 20th-century. The Medieval Characteristics of the German Architectural Expressionism were expressed in two ways -first, organic or sculptural style and second, fantastic or Crystal style. The architects such as Hermann Finsterlin, Henry van de Velde, Erich Mendelsohn, Rudolf Steiner, Hugo H ring, Hans Poelzig belonged to the first tendency, and such as Paul Scheerbart, Bruno Taut, Otto Bartning, Dominikus B hm belonged to the second tendency. The Medieval concept of the German architectural Expressionism was succeeded to Modern Architecture in 1950-1960s'. The architects in 1950-1960's such as Hans Scharoun, Gottfried B hm, Alvar Aalto, J rn Utzon intended to express organic and fantastic mass which was closely connected with the Medival concept of the German architectural Expressionism.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.1 s.14
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• pp.49-66
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to connect the technics and form from ancient to Korea Dynast But in these period there is no buildings remains but paintings, fine arts, and stupas. In the historical materials there are many architectural form and signature revealings, so as a result these analysis, 1)The building showed in paintings of Silla, and Korea Dynasty reflect the architectural style their own Dynasty. 2)In detail, the architecture of Silla and Korea Dynasy was connected with Chinese architectur Liao, Song. But from the 8Century Koreans were succeeded the one of Silla Dynasty and had originility in architectural style. 3)The architectursl style in Silla and Korea Dynasty were very various and very rich content. And we must more serious study of historical materials so that we improve the ancient a middle age of architcture in Korea.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.71-82
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to establish the relationship between Durand's architectural theory which provided reasonable architectural logic in the early 19th century, and architectural logic of the Modern Movement of Architecture led by avant-garde architects in the 1920's. The system of thought in architecture proposed by Durand which clarified a architectural design method(composition) is very similar to the one of the International Style(Book), which summarizes commonalities in the flow of modern architecture. This approach has something in common from the perspective of the systems of thought, despite differences in external forms and time gaps. Therefore, this study intends to examine the systems of thought in three ways. It is to examine how the two systems of thought define architecture, what is the logic of building production, and finally the value of architecture (including aesthetic values) while eliminating classical aesthetics.