• 건축역사연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2017

Soswaewon as a typical villa garden of Korea is a symbolic garden that its diverse compositions imply a specific meaning. This study reviewed the purpose of introduction, meaning, and location of the landscape plants as one of the compositions and covering quite a large part of Soswaewon through 48 Yeong (meaning 48 poems of Soswaewon) and Soswaewondo (meaning Map of Soswaewon). In 48 Yeong, 27 verses describe landscape plants as their key poetic matters. The most frequently mentioned top 3 plants are bamboos, pine trees, and Japanese apricots. The three plants are called Sehansamwoo(歲寒三友) showing constant fidelity and loyalty in any changing situations, which was regarded to represent the nature of scholars. And also the study examined the frequency and planting location of the plants in Soswaewon by comparing 48 Yeong and Soswaewondo, and the result showed some differences between them. That seems to be caused by the limitations in the comparison, because in case of 48 Yeong, the location and frequency of landscape plants can be examined only through the context of the verses, and Soswaewondo showed different production time from 48 Yeong and expressed them only in a form of drawing. The plants have symbolic meanings multi-layered and ambiguous. With their symbolic meanings, the landscape plants reviewed through 48 Yeong consistently represent fidelity and loyalty, man of virtue, and hermit. That is, Soswaewon is the garden granting some significance to its compositions by interacting with the things.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.249-258
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• 2007

Recently orders of projects in the field of oil and gas plants have increased due to rising oil prices and consumption. The markets of oil and gas plants are expanding into the Middle East area and all over the world. Because the oil and gas markets have a lot of overseas construction operations, competition among advanced companies is more important. However, companies in the period of growth have not had enough competitive powers of license in the design phase. Therefore, they are faced with difficulty of adopting the technology which is maximizing the effect of investments, and scheduling of a long-range plan. In order to achieve adequate technology management and competitive power, this study considers a long-range plan through an analysis of an appropriate introduction and the strategic planning process of technology management.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.525-538
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• 2022

High-rise wooden pagodas generate large displacement responses under wind action. It is necessary and wise to reduce the wind loads and wind-induced responses on the architectural heritage using artificial plants, which do not damage ancient architecture and increase greenery. This study calculates and analyzes the wind loads and wind-induced responses on the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, in China, using artificial plants via the finite element analysis (FEA). A three-dimensional wind-loading field was simulated using a wind tunnel test. Wind loads and wind-induced responses, including the displacement and acceleration of the pagoda with and without artificial plants, were analyzed. In addition, three types of tree arrangements were discussed and analyzed using the score method. The results revealed that artificial plants can effectively control wind loads and wind-induced displacements, but the wind-induced accelerations are enlarged to some extent during the process. The height of the tree significantly affected the shelter effects of the structure. The distance of trees from the pagoda and arrangement width of the tree had less influence on shelter effects. This study extends the understanding of the nondestructive method based on artificial plants, for controlling the wind base loads and structural responses of wooden pagodas and preserving architectural heritage via FEA.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.587-595
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• 2018

세계에서는 지구온난화 등에 따른 기후 변화에 대응하여 원전 건설을 금지해오던 국가들도 점점 허용하는 추세이다. 따라서 앞으로의 원전 건설이 늘어날 것이며 이에 대한 경쟁 또한 심화될 것이다. 원전 프로젝트는 일반 건설 공사와 비교하여 공사 기간이 매우 길다. 원전 건설 프로젝트에서 경쟁 우위를 확보하기 위해 원전 공사 기간을 줄일 수 있는 기술을 개발하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 원자로 건물 외벽 거푸집의 높이를 3m에서 4m로 증가시킴으로써 공사 기간을 감소시키기 위한 원자로 건물 외벽 거푸집을 개발하는 것이다. 개발된 거푸집을 원전 프로젝트에 적용하기 위해 구조적 안전성과 시공성 및 경제성을 분석하였다. 현장 적용 가능성을 평가한 결과 개발된 거푸집은 구조적으로 안전했다. 그리고 시공 단수가 감소함으로써 공사 기간이 단축되고 공사비 또한 절감되는 효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 원자로 건물의 공사 기간 단축을 위한 지속적인 기술 개발을 위한 자료로 활용하여 한국의 세계 원전시장에서의 경쟁력 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.71-86
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• 2017

이 연구는 손 드로잉의 역사적 변천 과정을 혼성화의 관점으로 해석하여 손 드로잉에 내재되어 있었던 창조적 성격을 발견하고자 한다. 조경 드로잉은 과학적 도구성과 예술적 상상성이라는 호환 가능하고, 상대적인 두 특성을 지니고 있고, 그러한 특성은 투사, 퍼스펙티브 뷰, 다이어그램이라는 구체적 드로잉 유형으로 구현되어 왔다. 하지만 드로잉 유형은 뚜렷이 구별된다기보다 오히려 상호 보완적으로 혼성화되면서 설계 경관에 대한 비전을 시각화해 왔다. 특히, 땅과 건축물을 그린 플랜에서 식물 소재는 퍼스펙티브 뷰나 엘리베이션으로 그려내는 플라노메트릭 기법이 이용되었다. 물론, 특정 지역과 시기에 특정 정원 양식에 적합한 드로잉 유형이 등장하고, 때때로 우세하는 방식으로 나타났다. 16세기 이탈리아 르네상스 정원과 17세기 프랑스 정형식 정원 설계에는 투사 드로잉이, 18세기에서 19세기 초 영국 풍경화식 정원 드로잉에서는 회화적 묘사가 강조된 퍼스펙티브 뷰가 중요했고, 19세기 중후반 미국 조경 설계에서는 공모전 드로잉, 사진, 맵 오버레이 등 용도에 따른 드로잉의 분화가, 20세기 초중반 미국의 모더니스트는 설계 전략을 시각화하기 위해 다이어그램을 이용하기 시작했다. 하지만 이러한 변천 과정에서, 플라노메트릭은 땅의 평면적 구성과 식재의 정면적 시각을 동시에 고려하는 조경 설계에 적절한 혼성적 시각화 기법으로 빈번히 활용되었다. 19세기 중엽에 탑뷰가 플라노메트릭을 대체하고, 20세기 들어 식재의 회화적 특성이 소거된 채 기호로 표준화되면서, 손 드로잉에서 상상적인 테크닉보다 도구적인 시각화 방식이 점차 일반화되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제11호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1997

In the process of modermization the problem of environment destruction has become a worldwide issue. And now this problem is a concern for all branches of science, including that of architectural desigv. This thesis tries to find the meaning of ecological architectural space, one that encreases the organic relationship, and communication, between architectrual space and urban environmental space, between human beings and architecture, and between human beings and their environment. As an example, we will take a look at the architectural space-design of Frei Otto, who offers diverse creative ecological architectural forms. His concept of architecture has the critical character when compared with the traditionan conventional concept of architecture. The ecological characteristics of his architectural spacedesign can be summarized as follows: The first characteristic is his ample use of natural objects in the architectural structure. An ample use of living things like trees and plants as well as of inanimate thing like water, wind as architectural elements enhances the functional efficiency of architecture. The second characteristic is its ecological architectural system, which saves energy faciliates ventilation by changing the position and direction of the building, by systematically applying the materials, and by efficiently arranging the inner space. The third characteristic is the dematerialization of architecture and the use of materials that are economical and appropriate for the circulation system of nature. The use of natural elements and recycling natural objects, makes it possible to reuse materials of the destroyed building. In short, the ecological architecture of Frei Otto, which shows the relation between human beings and architecture, presents diverse possibilities of the archtectural space as a complex natural system, which is more than a simple combination of separatge elements.

• Architectural research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2013

Offshore oil and gas process plants are exposed to hazardous accidents such as explosion and fire, so that the structural components should resist such accidental loads. Given the possibilities of thousands of different scenarios for the occurrence of an accidental hazard, the best way to predict a reasonable size of a specific accidental load would be the employment of a probabilistic approach. Having the fact that a specific procedure for probabilistic accidental hazard analysis has not yet been established especially for explosion and fire hazards, it is widely accepted that engineers usually take simple and conservative figures in assuming uncertainties inherent in the procedure, resulting either in underestimation or more likely in overestimation in the topside structural design for offshore plants. The variation in the results of a probabilistic approach is determined by the assumptions accepted in the procedures of explosion probability computation, explosion analysis, and structural analysis. A design overpressure load for a sample offshore plant is determined according to the proposed probabilistic approach in this study. CFD analysis results using a Flame Acceleration Simulator, FLACS_v9.1, are utilized to create an overpressure hazard curve. Moreover, the negative impulse and frequency contents of a blast wave are considerably influencing structural responses, but those are completely ignored in a widely used triangular form of blast wave. An idealistic blast wave profile deploying both negative and positive pulses is proposed in this study. A topside process module and piperack with blast wall are 3D FE modeled for structural analysis using LS-DYNA. Three different types of blast wave profiles are applied, two of typical triangular forms having different impulse and the proposed load profile. In conclusion, it is found that a typical triangular blast load leads to overestimation in structural design.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2013

This study is to diagnose causes of damage and defects on external walls of brick structures, focused on "Naju Noahn" Catholic Church of Modern Architectural Properties. The causes of crack and deflection are overloading, shortage strength of arch. Among those, main cause is cauesd by shortage strength of arch because center of arch is dislocated and skew back of arch is small angle. The causes of damage and elimination are weathering, plants of friction, freezing and thawing, durability decrement of material and attach defection. This defects and damage is caused by high-moisture that occurs in soil. The causes of discoloration are change of soil moisture and flimsy brickwork. These defects and damage are mainly occurred in coping of cornice, weathering of window sill.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2012

The forecasted energy shortage tends to encourage to develop the next generation energy to countermove the energy problems and the climatic change all over the world. Korean government is pushing ahead with the policy for 'Low Carbon Green Growth' to deal with climate changes and to overcome energy problems. And many studies for low carbon green city or zero carbon city have been progressed. In this study, energy plants and energy scenarios are selected by energy supply suited features of city at city plan. The method to evaluate energy scenario can be proposed to apply various energy plants for energy demand on city planning step and evaluation method can be systematized to be used by users. Also the calculated values are changed into index for comparison according to each energy scenario.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

Artificial lighting contributes greatly to developing civilizations. It allows daytime activities to continue throughout the dark hours of the day and thus increasing work productivity as well as allowing people to enjoy nighttime activities. In addition, artificial lighting is used to beautify landscapes, architectural monuments, and thus highlighting the social-economic development of a given place. However, excessive and improper usage of artificial lighting can lead to light pollution. Light pollution is a serious issue that is detrimental to human health. It has been linked to a number of health conditions including sleep disorder, visual discomfort as well as cancer. The effects of light pollution extend throughout the entire ecosystem, affecting both plants and animals. Furthermore, sky-glow from light pollution hinders astronomical observation. The current paper presents a study conducted on lit environment of a nightscape. The quality of the sky was measured in 144 spots using Sky Quality Meter (SQM) devices. The measured spots were chosen on the basis of land use as well as distance from the Halla Mountain.