• Asian review of World Histories
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-35
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• 2015

Far from being a recent world, the concept of "a [one] world" did slowly emerged in a post-prehistoric Antiquity. The actual knowledge of the world increased through millennia leaving aside large continents (Americas, part of Africa, Australia, etc.-most areas without written history), and writing history in Antiquity cannot be a synchronal presentation of the most ancient times of these areas. Through a few case studies dealing with texts, archaeology and history itself mostly in BCE times, the paper will try to perceive the slow building-up of a physical awareness and 'moral' consciousness of the known world by people of the Middle East (e.g. the Bible, Gilgamesh) and the Mediterranean (mainly Greeks).

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.383-393
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• 2020

This research demonstrates the effects of a culture & arts treatment program for elderly women's regional community consciousness. Study subjects of this research are 18 women whose ages are 65 years old and older. (8 women participated in a culture & arts program and 10 women participated in an elderly center program.) The culture & arts program held 16 sessions where the subjects wrote letters or drew pictures. After this program, we measured the degree of regional community consciousness. The results of the study were, first, that the cultural and arts treatment program improved the regional community consciousness among the elderly woman. Second, the treatment program has improved the sub-region of the regional community consciousness among the woman's elderly. This result shows the culture & arts treatment program can be used as an effective way to enhance the consciousness of the regional community on elderly women

• Asian review of World Histories
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.191-205
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• 2016

The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea is a Roman period guide to trade and navigation in the Indian Ocean. Justly famous for offering a contemporary and descriptive account of early Indian Ocean trade, the work has been subject to and a point of departure for numerous studies. Its extensive influence on scholarship is, however, also problematic, as it reflects the limited information and cultural and personal bias of its unknown author. Arguably this might have led scholars to overemphasise so-called western or Roman participation in early Indian Ocean trade. Network analysis allows us to map, visualize and measure interconnectedness in the Periplus Maris Erythraei. Many of these connections are not explicitly mentioned in the text, but by connecting not only places with places, but also products with places that export and import them, we get a partly different impression of Indian Ocean trade from that conventionally gathered from the Periplus. It allows us to ask questions about the relationship between coastal cabotage and transoceanic shipping, to identify regional trading circuits, and unexpected centres of long-distance exchange.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.283-305
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• 1992

Phytoliths (plant stones) mean all types of mineral deposition formed in or between plant cells. However, most of the researches on the phytoliths so far have been focused on the opaline silica bodies (silicified phytoliths) formed by grasses. Therefore, the phytolith is usually refered to opaline silica body in a narrow sense. Phytoliths are very useful in grass classification, and their usefulness as microfossils is also proved in several other fields, including soil science, paleoecology, and archaeology. Recently attention has been paid to the possibility that they might function as carcinogen. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the nature and analysis of phytoliths and their applications in botany as well as other fields of sciencess.encess.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.59
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• pp.3-34
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• 2002

The researches on the prehistoric sites in Jeonnam Province started in 1970s. During 1980s and 1990s, excavations increased and their results also became larger than before. For example, the paleolithic sites were excavated along the Yeongsan River basin

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.585-590
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• 2016

Paleopathologists have begun exploring the pathoecology of parasitic diseases in relation to diet and environment. We are summarizing the parasitological findings from a mummy in the site of Lapa do Boquete, a Brazilian cave in the state of Minas Gerais. These findings in context of the archaeology of the site provided insights into the pathoecology of disease transmission in cave and rockshelter environments. We are presenting a description of the site followed by the evidence of hookworm, intestinal fluke, and Trypanosoma infection with resulting Chagas disease in the mummy discovered in the cave. These findings are used to reconstruct the transmission ecology of the site.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.621-625
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• 2019

There is often the risk of confusing pollen grains with helminth eggs from archaeological sites. Thousands to millions of pollen grains can be recovered from archaeological burial sediments that represent past ritual, medication and environment. Some pollen grain types can be similar to parasite eggs. Such a confusion is represented by the diagnosis of enterobiasis in ancient Iran. The authors of this study confused a joint-pine (Ephedra spp.) pollen grain with a pinworm egg. This paper describes the specific Ephedra pollen morphology that can be confused with pinworm eggs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.627-633
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• 2019

The study of coprolites has been a theme of archaeology in the American Southwest. A feature of archaeoparasitology on the Colorado Plateau is the ubiquity of pinworm infection. As a crowd parasite, this ubiquity signals varying concentrations of populations. Our recent analysis of coprolite deposits from 2 sites revealed the highest prevalence of infection ever recorded for the region. For Salmon Ruins, the deposits date from AD 1140 to 1280. For Aztec Ruins, the samples can be dated by artifact association between AD 1182-1253. Both sites can be placed in the Ancestral Pueblo III occupation (AD 1100-1300), which included a period of cultural stress associated with warfare. Although neither of these sites show evidence of warfare, they are typical of large, defensible towns that survived this time of threat by virtue of large populations in stonewalled villages with easily accessible water. We hypothesize that the concentration of large numbers of people promoted pinworm infection and, therefore, explains the phenomenal levels of infection at these sites.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.211-212
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• 2020

Camacho & Reinhard stated in the December 2019 issue of the KJP (57: 621-625) that we confused a pollen grain with an Enterobius egg found in the grave of a female adolescent residing in ancient Tehran 7,000 years ago". We want here to clarify and answer to the outlined points in their article.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of general characteristics of sized silk fabrics for the painting purpose. Two particular types of silk fabrics used for painting background were compared: a recreation of historical material and a mass produced material of present day. The sizing process made the surface characteristics of the silk fabrics more suitable for painting. The dyeing properties of the fabrics were related to the surface area of the fabrics, and had no significant effect on their mechanical properties. The antibacterial activity of the tannin-based natural dyestuffs were maintained after the sizing. The performance assessment by the KES-FB system showed that the fabrics are more prone to deteriorate after the sizing because the glue layer receives the most of the physical stresses.