• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.167-176
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• 2015

Due to the variety of tourist attractions, many people of the world are visiting annually in Mediterranean area. In this paper, we analyze Mediterranean tourism impact by specific events such as the Arab Spring. In details, we make several density maps based on the position and time information of the geo-tagged photos extracted from Panoramio which is a representative photo sharing website. These density maps should be used to analyze how can specific events affect on Mediterranean tourism. To do this, first, a spatial database is constructed using geo-tag and time information of photo data extracted from Panoramio. Using GIS tool, then, several density maps are produced after performing density process based on spatial databases. Based on these density maps, finally, we analyze visually on Mediterranean tourism impact according to before, progress, and after of the Arab Spring.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2461-2464
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• 2014

Background: Cancer accounts for 12.6% of total deaths in the world (just after heart disease). Materials and Methods: Frequency and age-specific incidence rates of breast and gynecologic cancers in Iran are calculated based on the dataset of the National Cancer Registry of Iran in 2005. Results: Gynecologic and breast cancer accounted for 7.6% and 25.6% of total cancer cases, respectively. Ovarian cancer was the most frequent gynecologic cancer followed by endometrium. Endometrial cancer revealed the highest age specific incidence rate followed by ovary (after 59 years). Conclusions: Regarding disease burden, breast and gynecologic cases account for 33.4% of total cancer patients. The age specific incidence rate is a useful guide in epidemiologic and future plans.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.10
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• pp.409-441
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• 2005

During reformation of the world order in the 21st century, the terrorism has been showing up as a new value and rising up as core element of determining human being's quality of lives. The middle east's terrorism is leading the international terrorism and it is originated from the religious ideology which has formed for centuries and struggles for regional influence. This is the conflict aspect coming from the opposition of religious ideologies and cultural dislocations. It concludes as confrontation between the terrorism of Islam fundamentalism and western christianity that America is leading after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. There is little prospect for an improvement of their relationship. The Terrorism supported by government might be eradicated by America's drastic anti-terrorism policy. However, it will be serious and spread all over the world that the terrorist attacks against America and western countries is acted by militant warriors of Islamic fundamentalism, uniting Arab and Islamic peoples' emotions against America. Terrorism is urgent menace to Korea and it is needed to take measures to cope with it considering their religion and people throughly.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.15
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• pp.111-135
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• 2013

This study explores gender images represented in the works of women artists from the Middle East, where male chauvinism is recognized to be more predominant than elsewhere. The artists included in this study such as Mona Hatoum, Shirin Neshat, Lida Abdul and Sigalit Landau are Post-Feminist generation of artists who were born in the Middle East but spent significant amount of time in the West. In addition, they were trained as artists under the influences of the Western Feminist Art. This particular group of female artists pays much attention to the ontological question of their identities rather than male/female inequality, and each artist represents men and women in the ways that can hardly be found in the works by women artists in the West. These artists not only connect gender identities to the socio-political geography of the Middle East but also deconstruct Western stereotypes of men and women from Arab world. The paper focuses on the way these women artists incorporate male/female vs. culture/nature dichotomies into their works to subvert the premises on which Western Feminism has been based and not only to cast light on women's freedom and their ontological conflicts but also to emphasize social suppression inflicted upon men. In such process, these artists resist stereotypical images of Middle Eastern men and women widely circulated in the mainstream media of the West.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.17-44
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• 2015

Due to the oil business, settlements in the Gulf Region developed into prosperous cities. But in the near future, oil is off. The plans of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states bank on diversified and knowledge-intensive economies. Are those development plans realistic? What is the state of the art of knowledge institutions in the GCC countries? Applying the theoretical frameworks of Knowledge City and Science Indicators research, we empirically and theoretically studied the emerging Gulf cities Kuwait City (Kuwait), Manama (Bahrain), Doha (Qatar), Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah (all UAE), and Muscat (Oman). Our methodological framework includes grounded theory, ethnographic field study, ServQual-like quantitative questionnaires and semi-standardized qualitative interviews conducted on-site with informed people, informetrics, and, finally, the use of official statistics. In particular, we describe and analyze the cities' knowledge infrastructures, their academics, and expenditure on R&D as input indicators; and publications as well as graduates as output indicators. A further crucial aspect of a knowledge society is the transition of graduates into knowledge-intensive public services and private companies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.5143-5158
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• 2018

Improving the intrusion detection system (IDS) is a pressing need for cyber security world. With the growth of computer networks, there are constantly daily new attacks. Machine Learning (ML) is one of the most important fields which have great contribution to address the intrusion detection issues. One of these issues relates to the imbalance of the diverse classes of network traffic. Accuracy paradox is a result of training ML algorithm with imbalanced classes. Most of the previous efforts concern improving the overall accuracy of these models which is truly important. However, even they improved the total accuracy of the system; it fell in the accuracy paradox. The seriousness of the threat caused by the minor classes and the pitfalls of the previous efforts to address this issue is the motive for this work. In this paper, we consolidated stratified sampling, cost function and weighted Support Vector Machine (WSVM) method to address the accuracy paradox of ID problem. This model achieved good results of total accuracy and superior results in the small classes like the User-To-Remote and Remote-To-Local attacks using the improved version of the benchmark dataset KDDCup99 which is called NSL-KDD.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.317-330
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• 2018

We develop a mathematical model for the obesity dynamics to investigate the long term obesity trend with the consideration of psychological and social factors due to the increasing prevalence of obesity around the world. Many mathematical models for obesity dynamics adopted the modeling idea of infectious disease and treated overweight and obese people infectious and spreading obesity to normal weight. However, this modeling idea is not proper in obesity modeling because obesity is not an infectious disease. In fact, weight gain and loss are related to social interactions among different weight groups not only in the direction from overweight/obese to normal weight but also the other way around. Thus, we consider these aspects in our model and implement personal weight gain feature, a psychological factor such as body image dissatisfaction, and social interactions such as positive support on weight loss and negative criticism on weight status from various weight groups. We show that the equilibrium point with no normal weight population will be unstable and that an equilibrium point with positive normal weight population should have all other components positive. We conduct computer simulations on Korean demography data with our model and demonstrate the long term obesity trend of Korean male as an example of the use of our model.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10927-10932
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• 2015

Background: Older age is associated with an increase in the incidence of cancer cases. Diagnosis and treatment of cancer in older adults can be stressful because of health decline related to age, comorbidities and inadequate treatment for pain and other symptoms of the disease. This survey is one of the unique studies in Jordan and in the Arab world that aimed at exploring the predictors of older adult individuals awareness towards cancer. Materials and Methods: A stratified random sampling technique was followed to reach a representative sample of 753 participants. The questionnaire of the study consisted of parts regarding demographic variables, awareness about screening tests, and signs and symptoms of cancer. In addition, specific questions related to factors linked to cancer were included. Cross-sectional design was adopted with face-to-face interviews at the interviewees' households. Results: The mean age of the participants was about 63 years; around 44% of them are above the age of 65 years. 'Being convinced that having no health problem makes the individual feel safe and not at risk of getting cancer' was the major reason for not doing a routine health check-up. Conclusions: The low levels of awareness about cancer, as well as the low use of the screening methods were crucial outcomes of this study. Thus, raising the awareness among health care providers and policy makers in the country about older adults' perception of cancer is a high priority.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.85-108
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• 2017

This paper details the advance of the "Hui" (回) people to Korea and their socioeconomic activities in forming their own community during the late Goryeo and early Joseon period. Hui (回) or Hui Hui (回回) is generally recognized as representative of Muslim culture in Chinese and Korean sources. From the $8^{th}$ century, Korean-Muslim cultural relations accelerated as an outcome of ancient Chinese-West Asian commercial transactions along the Silk Road. These contacts between Muslims and Koreans on the Korean peninsula are borne out by references to Korea found in 23 Islamic sources written between the $9^{th}$ and $16^{th}$ centuries by 18 Muslim scholars, including Ibn Khurdadbih, Sulaiman al-Tajir, and Mas'ud1 i. Ibn Khurdadbih was the first Arab who wrote of Muslims' residence in the Unified Silla Kingdom (661-935CE). However, in the period of Silla, we could not find any reliable written documents in Korea to show encounters between Korea and the Muslim world. In the Goryeosa (GS) chronicle, Muslim merchants who came to Korea were described as "Daesik" (大食: Tashi). Daesik (Tashi) is most probably derived from "Tajir", which means "trader" in Muslim language. Muslims' mass influx and their wide ranging influence on Korean society manifested from the late $13^{th}$ century when the Goryeo Dynasty first came under Mongol control and afterward in the early $15^{th}$ century with the new dynasty of Joseon in Korea.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.241-270
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• 2014

The aim of this article is to review the traditional methodologies of teaching translation that concentrate on text-typologies and, as an alternative, to propose an eclectic multi-componential approach that involves a set of interdisciplinary skills with a view to improving the trainee translators' competences and skills. To this end, three approaches, namely a minimalist approach, a pre-transferring adjustment approach and a revision vs. editing approach are proposed to shift the focus of attention from teacher-centred approaches towards student-centred approaches. It has been shown that translator training programmes need to focus on improving the trainee translators' competences and skills, such as training them how to produce and select among the different versions they produce by themselves with justified confidence as quickly as they can (minimalist approach), adjust the original text semantically, syntactically and/or textually in a way that the source text supplely accommodates itself in the linguistic system of the target language (pre-transferring adjustment), and revise and edit others' translations. As the validity of the approach proposed relies partially on instructors' competences and skills in teaching translation, universities, particularly in the Arab world, need to invest in recruiting expert practitioners instead of depending mainly on bilingual teachers to teach translation.