• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제3권sup4호
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• pp.35.1-35.1
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• 2007

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2002년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.137-149
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• 2002

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2009

Killifish (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to an organophosphate pesticide, pirimiphos-methyl, in a flow-through system to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF) following GLP (Good Laboratory Practice). This study was conducted at two different concentrations (1 and $10\;{\mu}$g/L) of $^{14}C$-labeled pirimiphos-methyl for 28 days uptake and 14 days depuration according to the OECD 305 test guideline. The $BCF_{ss}$ for total radioactive residues in whole fish were 1,251 and 1,277 for low and high concentrations, respectively. The $BCF_k$ based on the uptake and depuration rate constants were 1,200 for both low and high concentrations. During the depuration phase, the accumulated test substance was rapidly depurated from fish. Greater than 95% of the residue at steady-state was depurated after 2 days. Although the measured BCF values were high, pirimiphos-methyl could be evaluated as a low risk from bioaccumulation by aquatic organisms due to the short depuration period and low amount of bound residue (1.5%). We suggest that in evaluating bioaccumulation, not only the BCF should be considered, but also depuration time and bound residue in aquatic organisms give an indication of the potential environmental risks.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2006

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), an octane booster that is added to the reformulated gasoline, has been a widespread contaminant in aquatic ecosystem. MTBE is a recalcitrant pollutant having low biodegradability. Due to its higher water solubility and low octanol-water partition coefficient, it can be rapidly transported to the surrounding water environment. Also, MTBE is a known animal carcinogen, and is classified as a possible human carcinogen by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The adverse effect of MTBE to aquatic biota was widely reported. In Korea, the recent detection of MTBE in groundwater near gasoline filling stations has drawn concern to public health and ecosystem. To address this concern, the effect of MTBE to human health and ecosystem was discussed in this review. Also, ecotoxicity data of MTBE for fish, invertebrates, and algae were extensively compared to estimate the hazard concentration 5($HC_5$) of MTBE as a screening level.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2016

지금까지 개발된 나노물질 중 은나노물질은 일상 생활제품에 가장 많이 활용된 나노물질 중 하나로 알려져 있고 다양한 경로를 통해 환경에 유입되어 환경 및 인체에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 화학물질과 달리 나노물질은 물리화학적 특성에 따라 동일 나노물질이더라도 그 유해성이 다르다고 알려져 있지만 기존 연구들은 다양한 특성을 동일 시험조건에서 평가하기 보다는 하나의 특성에 대해 독성을 보고하는 수준에 그치고 있다. 따라서 기존 연구들의 서로 다른 시험생물, 시험조건, 나노물질 특성 등을 고려할 때 나노물질의 물리화학적 특성에 따른 독성의 체계적인 비교평가가 어려운 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구는 은나노물질의 다양한 물리화학적 특징에 따라 수생생물에 미치는 독성영향을 평가하고자 한다. 대표적인 3종 (어류, 물벼룩, 조류)의 수생생물에 대한 은나노물질의 입자상 크기 (50, 100, 150 nm), 형태 (입자형, 선형), 코팅물질 종류 (PVP, citrate)에 따라 생태독성평가를 진행하였다. 연구결과, 나노 물질의 크기가 작을수록 그리고 입자상 형태보다 선형에서 독성이 비교적 높게 나타났다. 특히 선형 은나노의 경우, 길이에 비례하여 그리고 입자에 비해 비교적 높은 독성을 나타냈다. 반면, 은나노의 코팅물질 종류는 대상 수생생물에 따라 독성의 영향이 다르게 평가되었다. 본 연구는 은나노물질의 다양한 물리화학적 특성에 기인한 독성을 동일한 시험 조건, 시험생물에서 체계적으로 비교 평가하였다는 점에서 의의가 있으며 본 연구결과는 은나노물질의 환경 및 인체 위해성평가 자료로서 활용될 수 있을 뿐 아니라 보다 안전한 은나노물질 소재개발을 위한 과학적 자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2009

Metal pollution of aquatic ecosystems is a problem of economic and health importance. Information regarding molecular responses to metal exposure is sorely needed in order to identify potential biomarkers. To determine the effects of heavy metals on chironomids, the full-length cDNA of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH3) from Chironomus riparius was determined through molecular cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The expression of ADH3 was analyzed under various cadmium and copper concentrations. A comparative and phylogenetic study among different orders of insects and vertebrates was carried out through analysis of sequence databases. The complete cDNA sequence of the ADH3 gene was 1134 bp in length. The sequence of C. riparius ADH3 shows a low degree of amino acid identity (around 70%) with homologous sequences in other insects. After exposure of C. riparius to various concentrations of copper, ADH3 gene expression significantly decreased within 1 hour. The ADH3 gene expression was also suppressed in C. riparius after cadmium exposure for 24 hour. However, the effect of cadmium on ADH3 gene expression was transient in C. riparius. The results show that the suppression of ADH3 gene by copper exposure could be used as a possible biomarker in aquatic environmental monitoring and imply differential toxicity to copper and cadmium in C. riparius larvae.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 1997년도 제20회 화학물질의 환경독성과 건강영향
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• pp.47-71
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• 1997

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 1996년도 제19회정기학술대회(The 19th Symposium of the Korean Society of Environmental Toxicology)
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• pp.44-44
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• 1996

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.177-177
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• 2001

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) are members of the halogenated aromatic group of environmental pollutants. Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, notably their stability and widespread use, PCBs are sidely distributed and transported throughout the global environment. In fact, residues of PCBs have been identified in air, water, aquatic and marine sediments, and human tissue samples.(omitted)

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Molecular and Cellular Response to Toxic Substances
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• pp.174-174
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• 2002

Metallothioneins (MTs) are known to be induced by heavy metals in various organs of different species and represent a potential biomarker of aquatic contamination by heavy metals. In this work, cloning and sequencing of a metallothionein gene in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) was done and sensitivities and specificities of the gene expressions were compared.(omitted)