• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.369-385
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• 1996

가막만 식물플랑크톤에 대한 기초생산력을 산정하기 위해 해수유동모델과 생태계 모델을 이용하였다. 이를 위해 양식기간동안 양식장이 없는 조건으로 식물플랑크톤에 대한 기초생산력을 산정하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 양식장이 없는 경우로 월별 식물플랑크톤을 예측한 결과로 월별 식물플랑크톤량의 변화를 보면 6월부터 증가하기 시작하여 9월이 가장 높은 식물플랑크톤량을 보이고 9월부터 12월까지 급격히 감소하다가 그 이후 3월까지 서서히 감소하였다. 양식장이 없는 경우로 월별 식물플랑크톤에 대해 계산한 기초생산력을 보면 양식기간 동안 범위는 $0.99\~10.20gC/m^2/d$로 평균 $4.43gC/m^2/d$이였다. 월별 변동을 보면 6월부터 급격하게 증가하기 시작하여 8월에 가장 높은 생산력을 보이고 8월 이후 12월까지 급격히 감소하다가 1월 이후에 3월까지 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2007

농업생태계 내 수서곤충류의 주 서식지는 연중 수계가 유지되는 연못, 농수로, 저수지 등으로 확인되었다. 조사지역별 곤충 출현 종수는 무비무농약지역이 친환경농업지역 및 관행농업지역에 비해 많았고 오염원 유입지역인 주거 및 공단지역의 경우 현저히 낮은 경향을 보였으며, 동일 지역 내에서는 연못이 수로에 비해 높게 나타났다. 농업생태계 건전도를 평가할 수 있는 지표종으로 물방개(Cybister japonicus), 검정물방개(Cybister brevis), 자색물방개(Hyphydrus japonicus), 알물방개(Noterus angustulus) 등 4종을 선발하였다. 환경평가 요인으로는 지표곤충으로 선발한 4종의 출현종 수, 대상지역 내에서 물방개류 전체 출현종 수 및 다양도 지수 등 3개 요인으로 설정하였으며, 평가 등급은 최상의 환경보전 지역을 I등급, 우량 환경지역을 II등급, 최소한의 환경지역으로 개선이 요구되는 지역을 III등급, 불량환경 지역으로 시급한 개선이 요구되는 지역을 IV등급으로 구분하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제55권11호
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• pp.877-886
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• 2022

본 연구는 상사호(주암조절지)의 유량과 수질이 향후 기후변화에 따라 어떻게 변화하며 어떠한 대책이 필요한지에 대한 분석과 관리 대책을 수립하는 것을 지원하고자 수행되었다. 유역의 변화를 예측하기 위하여 HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran) 와 호 내의 수질 예측하기 위해 AEM3D (Aquatic Ecosystem Model)를 연계하여 사용하였다. 기후변화 조건은 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)에 따른 AR5(5th Assessment Report)의 RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) 4.5와 RCP 8.5 시나리오를 사용하였다. 기후변화 시나리오는 기상청에 의해 상사호 유역에 대한 상세화된 자료를 사용하였고, 2012년~2021년의 10년간의 기간에 대해 보정 및 검증 하고, 미래 상황의 예측을 위해 현재, 2025년~2036년, 2045년~2056년 그리고 2075년~2086년의 기간으로 구분하고 또한 연도별로 6월부터 8월까지의 여름철과 12월부터 2월까지의 겨울철에 대해 구분하여 분석하였다. 전체 모의 기간에 대한 상사호 유역의 유량은 산술 평균으로는 RCP 4.5보다 RCP 8.5 가 큰 것으로 나타났으며 TN, TP 또한 RCP 4.5에서 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 그러나 RCP 8.5에서 갈수기에는 오염물질의 유출이 감소하고, 여름철에는 오염물질의 유출이 증가하여 연간 오염물질 유출량이 홍수기에 집중되는 특성을 나타내었으며 이에 따른 대책이 필요할 것으로 분석된다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.171-183
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• 2023

하구습지는 독특한 기수역이 형성되며 이러한 환경에 적응하여 살아가는 생물에게 중요한 서식처로 기능을 수행한다. 그러나 과도한 개발과 이용에 따른 인위적 간섭으로 하구습지 고유의 기능 및 특성을 변화시킨다. 본 연구는 생태계가 우수한 하구습지 보전을 위한 기초자료를 수집하기 위해서, 태화강하구습지를 대상으로 식생 분포 특성 및 생물상 현황을 조사하였다. 연목림 식생, 정수 및 유수역 다년생 초본식생, 부유·침수식생 등 6개 상관식생형의 25개 식물군락이 확인되었다. 지형다양성이 높은 상류부에서 다양한 유형의 습지식생이 분포하고 있었다. 생물종 다양성은 멸종위기 야생생물 7종 포함 총 696종이 확인되었다. 생태적 연결성이 양호하여 감조하천이 형성되는 구간을 중심으로 다양한 기능군을 가지는 기수성 생물종이 분포하며, 하천 구간별 수환경에 따라서 잠수 및 수면성오리류 등 다양한 수조류의 서식을 확인하였다. 태화강하구습지의 생태정보의 수집은 하구 생태계의 보전·관리 기반을 마련하고 정책 수립을 지원하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.541-546
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate ecosystem health effect in the physiological levels, based on ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assays using sentinel fish species. We collected fish samples of Zacco platypus in May 2008 from 3 sampling sites including upstream, midstream, and downstream of the Gap Stream. EROD activity was averaged 4.54 in the downstream, 2.7 fold higher than upstream and indicated that stream condition was degraded along with longitudinal gradient from up to downstream. Downstream, especially was significantly increased (p < 0.01) so that indicated various pollutants including nutrient enrichment and toxicant exposure from the point sources, wastewater treatment plant and industrial complex may impact to the stream condition. In the mean time, TOSC assays showed higher in the midstream than other sites, but the values were not significant, compared to the previous report on oxidative stress. Overall results indicated that our approaches applying two biomarkers can be effectively used for diagnosis of the physiological levels in an integrative stream health assessments and can be applied as useful pre-warning techniques as a biochemical alarm system of organic pollutions.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2010

Spermatid differentiations during spermiogenesis and mature sperm ultrastructure in male Crassostrea nipponica were investigated by transmission electron microscope observations. The morphology of the spermatozoon of this species has a primitive type and is similar to those of other bivalves. Mature spermatozoa consist of broad, cap-shaped acrosomal vesicle and an axial rod in subacrosomal materials on an oval nucleus showing deeply invaginated anteriorly, two triplet substructure centrioles surrounded by four spherical mitochondria, and satelite fibres, which appear near the distal centriole. The acrosomal vesicle of spermatozoa of C. nipponica resemble to those of other investigated ostreids. Especially, two transverse bands (stripes) appear at the anterior region of the acrosomal vesicle, unlikely 2-3 transverse bands (stripes) in C. gigas. It is assumed that differences in this acrosomal substructure are associated with the inability of fertilization between the genus Crassostrea and other genus species in Ostreidae. Therefore, we can use sperm morphology in the resolution of taxonomic relationships within the Ostreidea. The sperm is approximately $48-50{\mu}m$ in length including an oval sperm nucleus (about $1.0{\mu}m$ in length and $1.41{\mu}m$ in width), an acrosome (about $0.48{\mu}m$ in length and 0.30 in width) and tail flagellum ($46-48{\mu}m$). The axoneme of the sperm tail flagellum consists of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and a pair at the center. The axoneme of the sperm tail shows a 9 + 2 structure. These morphological charateristics of acrosomal vesicle belong to the family Ostreidae in the subclass Pteriomorphia.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2013

The object of this study was to evaluate lotic ecosystem health using multiple eco-metric approaches such as water chemistry diagnosis, physical habitat health evaluations, and biological integrity modeling at 100 streams of four major watersheds. For the study, eight chemical water quality parameters such as nutrients (N, P) and organic material were measured and 11-metric models of Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) and multiple eco-metric health assessment model (MEHA) were applied to the four major watershed. Nutrient analysis of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in all watersheds indicated a eutrophic state depending on the locations of sampling streams. Physical habitat health, based on the QHEI model, averaged 114 (range: 56 - 194), judging as a "good condition" by the criteria of Plafkin et al. (1989). In addition, primary (H1 - H4), secondary (H5 - H7), and tertiary habitat metric variables (H8 - H11) were analyzed in relation to the physical habitat degradations. The plots of tolerant species ($P_{TS}$) and sensitive species ($P_{SS}$) to water quality showed that the proportions of $P_{TS}$ had positive linear functions with nutrients, and that the $P_{SS}$ had inverse linear relations with the chemical variables. The model of eco-metric health assessment showed that mean MEHA was 20.4, indicating a fair condition. Overall, our data suggest that water chemistry, based on nutrients and organic matter, directly modified the trophic structures in relation to food chain in the aquatic ecosystems, and then these directly influenced the compositions of tolerance/sensitive species, resulting in degradations of overall ecological health.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2012

The fish community within the lake and 5 tributaries of Lake Chungju in spring and autumn, 2009 was surveyed. In this study, the total 128,506 individuals were collected belonging to 11 families 29 genera 34 species. The most dominant species was Squalidus japonicus coreanus that account for 91.6% of population and 49% of biomass of fish community. In the point of population, dominant species were small-sized species, which became the prey of big-sized predatory species. In the point of biomass, dominant species were predatory species which were large-sized. The most dominant species in lacustrine area was S. japonicus coreanus which accounted for 92.2% of total population and 49.1% of total biomass. The most dominant species of tributary streams was Tridentiger brevispinis which accounted for 66.4% of total population and 55.1% of total biomass. The site of C3 in lacustrine area and Dongdal-cheon in tributary streams collected the most number of species. Through ecological health evaluation of five tributary streams using 8 metric index of biological integrity (IBI) model, two streams (Dongdal-cheon, Kwang-cheon were evaluated as, "B", "good" condition, and Jangsung-cheon obtained grade C indicating "Fair" condition, Jecheon-cheon obtained grade D indicating "Poor" condition based on IBI model. Lepomis macrochirus which was designated as a domestic ecosystem-disturbing alien species with wide food niche have shown tendency to increase the number of individuals since 1991 indicating the adverse effect on not only fish community but also aquatic ecosystem food web of Lake Chungju.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.491-511
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• 2013

In this study, three survey areas in Changnyeong, Miryang and Jinju of the confirmed the habitation of nutria and carried out the performance on the plant diet resource. From the habitat trace survey in the nutria habitat, a total of 336 trace points was shown. There were 181 trace points (54%) confirmed from St. 1 as the highest showing, followed by 52 trace points (15.4%) from St. 2, and 103 trace points (30.6)% from St. 3. The vascular plants distributed in the habitat area were a total of 182 taxonomic group with 57 families, 99 genus, 16 hybrids, and 1 race. The vascular plant living types in the habitat area are 1-year plant (Th, Th(w)) for 63class groups (34.6%), hemicryptophyte (H) for 42class groups(23.1%). plants, trees, crop plants were included. As a result of analyzing the overseas research cases on the diet plants of nutria, there are 195 taxonomic groups in a total of 39 families, 126 genus, 183 breeds, and 12 hybrids. In the study areas, feeding the plants was confirmed by the 7 taxonomic groups, aquatic plant, terrestrial From the total of 182 taxonomic groups discovered in the habitat area, 20 class groups, in 3 habitation region, 10 class groups of commonly appearing 49 class groups were shown to be the breed confirmed for diet in existing case studies, and assuming from it basis, the nutria habitating in the survey area is considered to have the supply of diverse diet resource to have flawless habitation. This is implication of having potential breeding possibility.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.768-783
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• 2006

Biological stream environment assessment has been an essential trend of aquatic ecosystems among advanced countries, because the chemical water quality assessment has limitations that only represent temporal water environmental status. Benthic macroinvertebrates are the most popular bioindicator group useful to biological water quality assessment for a long time. In addition, a number of indices using benthic macroinvertebrates have recently been developed not only for water quality assessment but also for ecological health assessment. In this paper Korean Saprobic Index (KSI) based on Zelinka-Marvan's saprobic valency concept is developed by applying DIN 38410 in Germany. The KSI value was widely applicable to most Korean streams with the exception of sand-based large streams, for example main stream of Nakdong River. But as a result of non-linear regression analysis the correlation between KSI and $BOD_5$ concentration was high and KSI reflected water quality alteration for mid and long-term period. In spite of applicability of KSI, it should be supplemented and developed to make it strong by accumulating field data as well as to manage integrated water environment in general through continuous biomonitoring.