• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.153-170
• /
• 1989

Recently, frequently using hyperbaric oxygen therapy is known for its effectiveness on the healing of problem wounds such as osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis and gas gangrenous wound etc. The main objectives of this study was to determine the best protocol of its application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Author used 238 rats (Sprague-Dawley strain) deviding into 2 Groups, experimental I group for skin and experimental II group for palatal mucosal ischemic wounds, and observed its effects by microscopically. The obtained results summarized as follows; 1. Severe infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in initial stages of both control and experimental I group. The infiltration showed decreasing tendency at 5th day of experimental D, E, F group while at 8th day in control group In d, f of experimental II group showed decreasing tendency at 8th experimental day while at 12th day in control group. 2. Macrophages appeared at 2nd day in D of experimental I group while at 6th day in control group. In d, f of experimental II group appeared at 6th day while at 10th day in control group. 3. As to the proliferation of capillary blood vessels showed at 3-4 day in most of experimental I group severely while at 8th day in control group. In experimental II group, it was at 8th day and 12th day respectively. 4. The proliferation of fibroblasts showed rather rapider in experimental I group, at 4-6th day, while at 8th day in control group. In experimental II group, it was at 8th day and 12th day respectively. 5. As to the collagen formations, it was at 4th day in experimental I group while at 8th day in control group. In experimental II group, it was at 6th day and 10th day respectively. 6. 5 rats (2.0 %) in E group and 8 rats (3.4 %) in f group showed oxygen toxic reaction, such as unstable attitude and tremor, during the experiments. This hyperbaric oxygen animal experiments disclosed excellent effects on the ischemic wound healing and it is thought to be the best protocol of its application was on D group (2.5 ATM. and 2 hrs, exposure).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2010.10a
• /
• pp.643-645
• /
• 2010

The Internet-based multimedia services such as IPTV is being expanded with the development of technology to support the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications technology for the control seems to be growing larger. Especially for the real-time TV broadcast multicast control technology to support the authentication and resource control, in addition to the technology services that enhance the value of technology for a variety of services in both directions seems to be developed. And, Internet-based transmission system transmit the video content for the video content delivery using RTP(Real Time Transport Protocol). Standardization body, IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) within the RTP, according to a variety of audio and video formats only transmission format(RTP Payload Format) Establish a separate standard and scalable video content "RTP Payload Format for SVC(Switched Virtual Connection) Video" the standardization is currently processing. In this paper we are improving the quality of broadcasting and telecommunication systems, so that the upper layer by the application can react adaptively to the existing MPEG2-TS and RTP who are provided by a variety of content applied to a variety of devices consumers ETE(End- to-End) QoS(Quality of Service) for enhance the system who was designed and implemented.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.287-299
• /
• 2008

HTTP is one of the most widely used protocols of the WWW. Currently it uses TCP as the transport layer protocol to provide reliability. The HTTP uses separate TCP connection for each file request and adds unnecessary head-of-line blocking overhead for the file retrieval. The web application is short sized and affected by the increased handover latency of TCP in wireless environment. SCTP has attractive features such as multi-streaming and multi-homing. SCTP's multi-streaming and multi-homing avoid head-of-line blocking problem of TCP and reduce handover latency of TCP in wired and wireless environment. Mean response time is the important measure in most web application. In this paper, we present the comparison of mean response time between HTTP over SCTP with that of HTTP over TCP in wired and wireless environments using NS-2 simulator. We measured mean response time for varying packet loss rate, bandwidth, RTT, and the number of web objects in wired environment and mean response time and packet loss rate for varying moving speed and region size in wireless environment. Our experimental result shows that SCTP reduces the mean response time of TCP based web traffic.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.27-45
• /
• 2010

It is strongly believed that multicast will become one of the most promising services on internet for the next generation. Multicast service can be deployed either on network-layer or application-layer. IP multicast (network-layer multicast) is implemented by network nodes (i.e., routers) and avoids multiple copies of the same datagram on the same link. Despite the conceptual simplicity of IP multicast and its obvious benefits, it has not been widely deployed since there remain many unresolved issues. As an alternative to IP multicast, overlay multicast (application-layer multicast) implements the multicast functionality at end hosts rather than routers. This may require more overall bandwidth than IP multicast because duplicate packets travel the same physical links multiple times, but it provides an inexpensive, deployable method of providing point-to-multipoint group communication. In this paper we develop an efficient method applied greedy algorithm for solving two models of overlay multicast routing protocol that is aimed to construct MDST (Minimum Diameter Spanning Tree : minimum cost path from a source node to all its receivers) and MST (Minimum Spanning Tree : minimum total cost spanning all the members). We also simulate and analyze MDST and MST.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.165-182
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we describe a design and implementation of the Wireless Markup Language(WML) compiler to deploy wireless Internet services effectively. The WML compiler translates textual WML decks into binary ones in order to reduce the traffic on wireless links that have relatively low bandwidth to wireline links and mitigate the processing overhead of WML decks on, wireless terminals that have relatively low processing power to fixed workstations. In addition, it takes over the overhead of eXtensible Markup Language(XML) well-formedness and validation processes. The WML compiler consists of the lexical analyzer and parser modules. The granunar for the WML parser module is LALR(1) context-free grammar that is designed based on XML 1.0 and WML 1.2 DTD(Document Type Definition) with the consideration of the Wireless Application Protocol Binary XML grammar. The grammar description is converted into a C program to parse that grammar by using parser generator. Even though the tags in WML will be extended or WML DTD will be upgraded, this approach has the advantage of flexibility because the program is generated by modifying just the changed parts. We have verified the functionality of the WML compiler by using a WML decompiler in the public domain and by using the Nokia WAP Toolkit as a WAP client. To measurethe compressibility gain of the WML compiler, we have tested a large number of textual WML decks and obtained a maximum 85 %. As the effect of compression is reduced when the portion of general textual strings increases relative to one of the tags and attributes in a WML deck, an extended encoding method might be needed for specific applications such as compiling of the WML decks to which the Hyper Text Markup Language document is translated dynamically.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2005

This paper describes the implementation of HTML converter for wireless internet access in wireless application protocol environment. The implemented HTML converter consists of the contents conversion module, the conversion rule set, the WML file generation module, and the frame contents reformatting module. Plain text contents are converted to WML contents through one by one mapping, referring to the converting rule set in the contents converting module. For frame contents, the first frameset sources are parsed and the request messages are reconstructed with all the file names, reconnecting to web server as much as the number of files to receive each documents and append to the first document. Finally, after the process of reformatting in the frame contents reformatting module, frame contents are converted to WML's table contents. For image map contents, the image map related tags are parsed and the names of html documents which are linked to any sites are extracted to be replaced with WML contents data and linked to those contents. The proposed conversion method for frame contents provides a better interface for the users convenience and interactions compared to the existing converters. Conversion of image maps in our converter is one of the features not currently supported by other converters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.9
• /
• pp.672-680
• /
• 2017

Today the distribution of characters in the consumer market based on digital smart phones is expanding, and the characters themselves are sold with independent merchandise, also various application researches about character are being activated. However, depending on the style of worker 's work on the design process of Korea and China regarding characters, there are differences in design characteristics and the diversity of work. In this study, we attempted to investigate the implications of these designers on the development of creative character design through in-depth research and experiment. Therefore, previous researches of cognitive science were investigated and cognitive experiments were conducted on design process for experts. For this research experiment, the initial sketch stage in the character work of Korea and China was recorded by the method of the designer by the subject through the protocol analysis method which is the qualitative research method. We coded the collected language based on this recording experiment and analyzed the problem behavior. We examined how the cognitive acts are done by the designer to develop the characters. The behavior characteristics and the accidental characteristics. The differences of the behavioral characteristics and the accidental characteristics in each step of the character design process were identified. Through these cognitive experiments, we could examine the behavior analysis of the design thinking process in Korea and China. In the field of design practice, we can set the direction of the design work process of the two countries and help us to produce creative and individual results. I think. These studies are expected to contribute to practical application of product marketing and new cooperation development methods in terms of activation of character industry in the future.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.241-248
• /
• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this trial is to observe the preliminary effects of Salvia plebeia (SP) extract on quality of life in patients with solid cancer. Methods : This is a prospective, open-label, single-arm, and single-dose clinical trial. Twenty participants who have been diagnosed with solid cancer between the ages of 20 and 65 will be included. All participants will be administered SP granules for 12 weeks. Data will be collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after enrollment. The primary outcome is quality of life, using the Korean version of the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include tumor markers in blood tests for each cancer type, soluble programmed death-ligand 1, the percentage of natural killer cells among lymphocytes, ratio of T-helper and T-suppressor cells, ratio of total T, T-helper, T-suppressor, and B cells in lymphocytes, level of C-reactive protein, and tumor size via radiology examination. Safety will be assessed by clinical laboratory tests and monitoring of adverse events. Discussion : This study aims to observe the effects of an oral administration of SP preparations in patients with solid cancer on changes in quality of life and an improvement in immune function. It is expected to provide objective evidence of the effect and safety of SP for patients with solid cancer. Trial registration: KCT0007315 (Clinical Research Information Service)

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.16 no.12
• /
• pp.1189-1193
• /
• 2010

Mobility management is one of the most important research issues in 6LoWPAN, Since the IP-WSN application domain is expanded to real-time applications such as healthcare and surveillance systems, a fast and seamless handover becomes an important criterion in 6LoWPAN. However, a draft of IETF 6LoWPAN WG for mobility support does not decrease handover delay. Although LoWMob supports a fast intra-PAN handover. it can be supported when the infrastructure node has the location information of the other nodes in the mobile node's moving direction. In this paper, we propose a fast and seamless mobility protocol to support intra-PAN handover, named intra-MARIO. In intra-MARIO, a parent node of the mobile node preconfigures its handover to the PAN when the parent node detects its movement, thereby reducing the handover delay. Since intra-MARIO also supports route optimization, the mobile node can communicate with its corresponding nodes through the optimal route. In this paper, we analysis the signaling cost and evaluates that the handover can be completed in 20ms by simulation.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.62-72
• /
• 2007

Mobile Virtual Private Network (MVPN) provides VPN services without geographical restriction to mobile workers using mobile devices. Coexistence of Mobile IP (MIP) protocol for mobility and IPsec-based VPN technology are necessary in order to provide continuous VPN service to mobile users. However, Problems like registration failure or frequent IPsec tunnel re-negotiation occur when IPsec-based VPN Gateway (GW) and MIP are used together. In order to solve these problems, IETF proposes a mechanism which uses external home agent (x-HA) located external to the corporate VPN GW. In addition, based on the IETF proposal, a mechanism that assigns x-HA dynamically in the networks where MN is currently located was also proposed with the purpose to reduce handover latency as well as end-to-end delay. However, this mechanism has problems such as exposure of a session key for dynamic Mobility Security Association (MSA) or a long latency in case of the handover between different networks. In this paper, we propose a new MVPN protocol in order to minimize handover latency, enhance the security in key exchange, and to reduce data losses cause by handover. Through a course of simulation, the performance of proposed protocol is compared with the existing mechanism.