• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.395-406
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• 2019

This study examined what meaning East Asian women showed in their costume history through a discourse of hair adornments such as wigs and that Gache was not just a luxury decoration. In addition, we examined Gache hair trends with Eonjeun-meori (braid wraps around the entire head) in the Joseon dynasty (Korea), Gigye(旗?) hair in the Quing dynasty (China) and Mage(?) hair in the Edo period (Japan) during the $18^{th}$ and $19^{th}$ centuries. The significance of the phenomenon of East Asian Gache culture in the $18^{th}$ and $19^{th}$ centuries was analyzed from the internal desires of women. The details are as follows. First, the magnification by the hair decoration was identified with self-authority and used as a sign to express self-respect or a desire for self-esteem. The extended Gache was an external body extension to raise self-authority and increase activeness. Second, self-satisfaction through showing off was associated with a women's search for identity. There was excessive consumption to boast status, wealth and femininity, but the mania continued because women obtained psychological satisfaction by feeling that their sacrifices for the Confucian order were compensated. Third, the frenzy of Gache was accepted as a way for women to resist social regulations and find themselves as main participants in social activities. Showing their appearance in East Asian Gache culture was a way of inner self-searching and a process for women to find themselves as a social entity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.740-753
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• 2010

This study analyzes the motives of Korean women for choosing breast augmentation in a cultural and relational context; in addition, it investigates their evaluations after surgery. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 10 Korean women in their 20s and 30s who have received cosmetic breast augmentation. Enlarged and made-up breasts are a form of clothing that symbolizes the socio-economic status of women. In the vertical and individualized Korean society, the desire of women for a fashionable body invigorated the appearance management market. Fashion consumers have passively internalized the ideal body trends as the concept of the ideal body-image, which has been constructed by the social structure, markets, and the media. The analysis was rooted in post-modern feminist perspectives on the female body. The ideal body-image internalization process through the social interactions of participants was the main cultural factor to choose breast surgery. The self-image and conformity/individuality of participant were categorized as relational factors for the motivation to undergo breast surgery. The result showed that after surgery the participants achieved positive feedback from their social relationships. They expressed or hid their socio-economic statuses through their purchased fashion bodies. They also showed higher self-esteem and feelings of satisfaction by pursuing individuality and conformity as a member of society. Moreover, they achieved wider fashion options and greater controls over their public/private/secret clothing choices for certain occasions. Cosmetic breast surgery positively empowered individual women while reinforcing the socially manipulated body ideals that oppress women at the same time. Participants internalized socially constructed values and justified their surgery choices.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.579-589
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the eating habit, body image, and weight control behavior by BMI in Korean female high school students. Data on the 16,574 subjects was obtained from the sixth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2010). Only 52.2% of the subjects had regular breakfast. The rate of skipping breakfast was higher in the underweight group than in the obese group, but the rate of skipping dinner was on the contrary to this. Underweight students had a higher intake frequency of fruits, fast food, instant noodle, and snacks than the obese groups. 3.5% of underweight students considered themselves to be overweight or obese. 53.4% of obese students considered themselves to be overweight. The experience of weight control increased according to BMI, but underweight students considered weight control as an effort to be slimmer. Meal restriction was used more frequently to control weight. The perceived stress level was higher in obese student, especially due to appearance. Therefore, an appropriate, integrated and personalized high school nutrition program should be established for proper body image perception and to develop the self-esteem of female high school students.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2007

As a dental technician, the aim of the present study on maxillofacial prosthesis was to research its relation with dental technology and further development aspects by looking into its history, kinds, production materials and process. Dental technicians are to expect a great potential to work as maxillofacial prosthetist if having an interest in education of maxillofacial prosthesis field, and developing and operating the education process by expanding the range of dental technology. This article is to present overall history of maxillofacial prosthesis and some background information on the materials which have been used from the past. The maxillofacial field plays essential functions of mastication and speech, as well as performs appearance, which evokes good or bad feelings as an instant and instinctive response. The use of maxillofacial prostheses is not merely the replacement of a missing part of the face, resulted from injuries, but a rehabilitation process to help individuals come back to society. Rehabilitation includes both patient's physical and psychological recovery, such as self-esteem and selfconfidence. There has been a rapid development in application potentials of maxillofacial prosthesis technology which include implant, which can penetrate skin, and new materials. In order to produce maxillofacial prosthesis, general procedures of maxillofacial laboratory work should be understood first. Maxillofacial prosthesis and the dental prosthesis have many similarities in its academic perspective and originality. Maxillofacial prosthesis should be added into the curriculum for dental technology to achieve co-enhancement of the two fields.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.338-346
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• 2019

In this report, we describe the successful use of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions with a hybrid hyrax-mandibular miniplate combination and simultaneous orthodontic treatment for the management of severe Class III malocclusion due to maxillary hypoplasia in an 11-year-old girl. The devices were removed after 20 months of treatment, and the family was instructed about a careful control and retention program that should be followed in accordance with the patient's growth. The final result included the correction of Class III malocclusion with adequate function and excellent facial esthetics, which restored the patient's self-esteem and provided personal motivation. The outcomes showed good stability after 24 months of retention. The decrease in the duration of active treatment is the most important finding from the present case. Considering that facial esthetics in adolescence is a determining factor for the development of a personality and interpersonal relationships, we recommend the use of this protocol for growing patients, who will exhibit not only an improved physical appearance but also a better quality of life.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.472-480
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• 2023

This study investigated correlations among interpersonal problems, body dissatisfaction, and makeup behavior among college students. The results provide basic data which are helpful for students to build healthy interpersonal relationships and suggest a direction for beauty care behavior. This study derived the following results: A close correlation was identified between international problems and body dissatisfaction and body dissatisfaction and makeup behavior. In other words, college students suffering from interpersonal problems also experienced body dissatisfaction. In addition, those with body dissatisfaction have made efforts to overcome such problem through makeup behavior. This could be viewed as meaning that the greater the body dissatisfaction, the more active college students are in makeup management behavior, and the intention to resolve their physical dissatisfaction through makeup management behavior was included. Therefore, society or colleges need to recognize the necessity of counseling or treatment programs for college students suffering from interpersonal problems or body dissatisfaction and help them enter into society through diverse programs. Additionally, appearance management programs, such as the aforementioned makeup behavior, that can make them satisfied with their body should be developed. Ultimately, diverse suggestions that can help students improve their self-esteem and interpersonal relationships and enhance sociality through such social efforts should be formulated.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 1985

The recent problems of adolescents are leading us to amphasize school mental health program. Therefore, for the first step of that program, this study was attempted to find out the students' daily life stress, their adaptation beharior to resolve that stress, and their self-concept which has an effect on that beharior, to analyze the relationship among those three variables, and to provide basic data which help maintain and promote students' adaptability and mental health. The subjects were 4 classes each grade, 743 students who were chosen as a sample subject among the total of 3,250 students of a junior girls' school in Seoul by stratified sampling method. The Oquestionnair surrey was done from April 1, 1985 to April 6, 1985. The instruments were (1) a part of Junghoon chois' perceptual Orientation Scale for measuring self-perception of students, (2) Rosenberg's Questionnair for measuring students' evaluation of self-esteem, (3) modified Bell's Adoptive Behavior Questionnair, and (4) the Measuring scale for stress developed by the investigator. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, x²-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearsons' Correlation. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The range of mean score of self-concept, stress, and adaptation beharior is 1-5 respectively. The mean score of self concept was 3.45. The mean score of stress was 2.53, and the degree of stress was in order of the problem of study and grade marks, girl friend, appearance, and relaxation. The subjects preferred effective long-term adaptation method (Mean=2.81) to ineffective short-term adaptation method. (Mean=2.47) 2. The self-concept had the highest degree when students were 1st grade, in good health condition, taking high grade marks, both parents existing, fathers' educational level being above college, and being in high economic status. The degree of stress was significantly high when students were 3rd grade, in poor health condition, having low grade marks, being in poor economic status, and fathers' educational level being under elimentary school. In relation with adaptation method, 1st grade students used more sbort-term and long-term method, and when students had high grade marks, being in high economic status. they used more long-term adaptation behavior. 3. Two Hypotheses of this research were tested: Hypothesis 1. "The higher the students' self-concept is, the more they use long-term adaptation method." was accepted. (r=.2482, p<.01) (t=-4.99, p<.001) Hypothesis 2. "The higher the students' stress is, the more they use short-term adaptation method." was accepted. (r=.2897, p<.01) (t= -7.51, p<.001) In conclusion, a person in charge of school health can help students to adapt effectively by planning and implementing methods which highten their self-concept and lower their stress. But because the correlation among self-concept, stress and adaptation behavior was at a low level, I think that the study, which confirm the relationship of those three variables, is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.243-262
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• 1999

Today, obesity is not recognized as a disease itself but is known to be the indirect cause of much chronic illness. Obesity has an impact on psychological disorders including severe inferiority, damage of body self-image, low self-esteem, personality disorders. The results in an increase of the mortality rate. Therefore, this study attempts to discover and evaluate stressful experience in obese teenagers. For this study, 21 girl students and 19 boy students in Pusan middle or high school located were selected. The data were collected from March to May at 1999. A tape-recorder was used under the permission of the subjects to prevent the loss of spoken information and communication. This study consisted of 563 reponses from girls and 461 responses from boys which were then classified with descriptive expressions and priority classifications. The results generated 72 common elements in girls and 54 common elements in boys. From these elements 24 syntheses of hypothetical definitions and 8 identifications of the structural definitions in both girls and boys were developed. The structural and hypothetical definitions were as follows: The analysis of the data was made through a phenomenological analytic method suggested by Van kamm, which is as follows: 1. Maladjustment to school life; lack of understanding of the teacher, insufficient exercise ability, and a feeling of burden in attending the school obesity program. 2. Conflict in family relationships; lack of understanding from the family, a feeling of alienation. 3. Conflict in friend relationships; lack of understanding among friends, constant comparisons in appearance and body with friends (in girls) and estrangement from friends (in boys). 4. Conflict in acquaintance of the opposite sex; hoping to meet the opposite sex, lack of understanding of boy friends (in girls), feelings of pain, feelings of anxiety (in girls) feelings of burden (in girls) feelings of envy (in boys). 5. Negative body image: shape of body; feelings of pain; feelings of powerlessness; feelings of discomfort, and reception; emotional disorders (in boys), and change of personality (in boys). 6. Health disorder: Physical and psychological discomfort. 7. Feelings of burden in weight control; negative experiences in weight control, interference with family and friends, the difficulty in diet therapy, feelings of burden in exercise (in girls), to be teased by the public through mass media (in boys).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.580-592
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• 2021

This study was conducted on mothers with infants to identify the relevant factors affecting parenting stress and depression, and to verify the effectiveness of the beauty therapy program on parenting stress and depression. After conducting a self-administered survey of 450 mothers with infants under 36 months old in Busan city from May 1 to 20 May, 2018 through convenient sampling method, the final analysis of 402 women. In addition, experimental research through one group pretest-posttest design was also conducted on 17 people to verify the effectiveness of the beauty therapy program on parenting stress and depression. The multiple regression analysis showed that the higher appearance-management behavior, the less parenting stress and depression. Also, parenting stress and depression after participating in beauty therapy programs are significantly reduced compared to those before participating in beauty programs. This study could confirm that beauty therapy program is one of the effective measures to improve women's mental health and self-esteem.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.140-151
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• 2000

Acne is a common chronic disease which most frequently affects the face, appearing in both males and females near puberty, and in most cases becomes less active as adolescence ends. The intensity and duration of activity vary for each individual. The disease may be minor, with only a few comedones or papules, or it may occur as the highly inflammatory and diffusely scarring acne conglobation. Permanent scarring of the skin and psyche can result from such inaction. The disease, however, has implications far beyond the few marks that may appear on the face. The lesions cannot be hidden under clothing; each is prominently displayed and detracts significantly from one's personal appearance and self-esteem. Recently many of acne patients are visiting to Oriental Medicine Hospitals. They want to receive the treatment of acne related another disease and causes, or worry about side effects of antibiotics and hormone therapy. This study was performed at Pundang Cha Oriental Medicine Hospital Department of Dermatology from March 1, 1997 to February 29, 2000 in 31 patients with recurrent acne. We investigated the clinical findings, included distribution of age & sex, severity of acne, sites on face, related causes, duration of disease and causes of visiting Oriental Medicine Hospital and so on. The results were as follows : The peak age at onset was 20-29 years old in females with 16 cases reported. The 22 total cases patients had severe signs with most frequently sites being forehead & chin. They visited Oriental Medicine Hospital because they want to take the treatment of acne related with another body problems(12 cases) and worry about side effects of antibiotics. Twenty cases were diagnosed 肺熱血熱(20 cases). And given acupuncture treatment, herb-medication and sometimes we used external applications. Relatively, their satisfaction grade was high. Dermatologists are trying to treat new methods in order to remove scar and decrease sebaceous gland secretion,. And we, Oriental Medicine doctors, have to develop and offer to patients the most effective management and successful treatment of this disease.