• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.618-624
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• 2004

This study is to explore how consumers' needs for tactile cues affect their purchasing behaviors in the internet shopping mall. Since previous studies about internet shopping malls are mainly performed on the primary factors of perceived risk, there are insufficient studies of tactile cues for apparel products. Emphasis of this study is placed on verifying the following hypothesis; it is expected that consumers' needs for tactile cues affect apparel purchasing behaviors in internet shopping. The questionnaire was administered to 20 to 30 year old male and female respondents who are either students or businessmen living in the Busan area. 150 questionnaires were completed and collected for data analysis. The data were, using SPSS 10. 0 for Window, statistically analyzed by frequency and factor analysis for VARIMAX, Cronbach's coefficient and Linear regression analysis. Data were, using SPSS 10. 0 for Window, statistically analyzed by frequency and factor analysis for VARIMAX, Cronbach's coefficient, and ANOVA. The results of data analysis are as follows: First, the tactile cues negatively affect purchase intentions of consumers. This shows that apparel internet shoppers who have high desire for tactical cues tend to avoid purchasing products through the internet. Second, the factor analysis of the moderating effect on perceived risks shows that the perceived risks significantly moderate both the tactile cues and purchase intention of consumers. Third, analysis of purchased experience also shows that purchased experiences significantly moderate both the tactile cues and purchase intention.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.78-87
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• 2024

This study aimed to propose an innovative teaching pedagogy using a half-scale body form in apparel design education and evaluate its effectiveness in augmenting students' understanding of ergonomic patterns. Constructed in alignment with Phoenix's (2018) study, which used 3D body scanning and digital editing software, the half-scale body form was created through a five-step process, encompassing body measurement, 3D body modeling, fabrication of a physical half-scale body form, pattern making, and evaluation. Implemented in an undergraduate patternmaking course offered at a 4-year university in the metropolitan Seoul, this instructional approach's effectiveness was gauged through students' course projects and exit interviews. The results underscored the positive impact of the proposed teaching pedagogy on students' grasp of ergonomic pattern development, fostering a keen understanding of diverse body shapes and sizes and the relationship between the human body and garments. Furthermore, it played a role in cultivating positive body image and self-endorsement among students. The research contributes meaningfully by presenting a fresh perspective in apparel design education, seamlessly integrating advanced anthropometric and technological tools into a conventional patternmaking classroom. It offers a novel learning experience for students majoring in apparel, creating a fun and interactive teaching environment.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.278-286
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• 2015

Fashion industry has tried to adopt the virtual garment technology to reduce the time and effort spent on sample creation. For garment manufacturers to adopt the virtual garment technology as an alternative to sample creation, 3D avatars that meet the needs of each brand should be developed. Virtual garment softwares that are available in the market provide avatars with standardized body models and allow to modify the size by manually entering size specifications. This study proposed a methodology to develop size specifications for 3D avatars as well as brand-customized production sizes. For this, a man's fashion brand which is using virtual garment technology is selected. And the Size Korea database is used to develop size specification based on the customers' body shape. This study developed regression equations on body size specifications, which in turn proposed a regression model to proportionately change size specifications of 3D fitting-models. Based on the each body size calculated by the regression model, a standard model is created, and the skeleton-skin algorithm is applied to the regression model to obtain the results of size changes. Then, the 3D model sizes are tested for size changes as well as measured, which verifies that the regression model reflects body size changes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.160-174
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• 2005

Despite the decrease in the number of children due to low birth rate, the domestic children's apparel market has been achieving steady growth as family income is rising thanks to more opportunities for working women, parents spend more on their children, and they prefer brand products that make their children look special. In addition, the market is suffering from hard competition as large enterprises have joined the race. The present study purposed to survey the children's apparel market in Korea, which is in a transitional period, and to contribute to the development of the market with Korean brands. For this purpose, we analyzed the characteristics of children's apparel brands in the 21st century based on the current state of the domestic children's apparel market and, based on the findings, forecasted the future trend of children's apparel brands, suggested improvements for expected problems, proposed standards for coping with changes such as diversification, high quality and differentiation in the children's apparel market, and provided consumers with information on how to purchase products. According to the result of analyzing the characteristics of children's apparel brands in the 21st century, brands are categorized largely into four types - life cultural brands, functional product brands, character brands and brands advancing to China. Life cultural brands equipped with all necessities for children are expanding, and with the deepening social problems of environmental pollution and the reduction of the child population, functional products made of environment-friendly materials are spreading widely, targeting infants and children. Furthermore, for extending age targets and diversifying products, children's apparel is using characters. The use of characters is expected to have a considerable effect on the growth of brands because children are more subjective as consumers than before and they are more easily persuaded with characters. Domestic children's apparel brands advancing to China have a high expectation of success in overcoming the limitation of the local market that has reached its peak and growing into global brands. Korean apparel makers are struggling to overcome the depressed domestic market, to recover consumers' consumption, to cope with market opening, to pursue high value of sensibility and to expand the seniors' market, etc. In this situation, future trends of children's apparel brands will be the expansion of family brands, brand totalization, quality price, niche market (pre-teen market), etc. In response to these trends, we made the following suggestions for improvement. 1. Children's apparel brands are evolving into family brands as well as into total brands through voluming. Today, however, apparel makers are advancing to the children's apparel market with the concept of adults' apparel and, as a result, children's apparel is merely adults' apparel of reduced size, having problems in design, color and materials. Thus, apparel makers must develop design considering the wide range of size and the characteristics of children's apparel, strengthen sourcing abilities to create revenues, and make thorough survey of customers to find common denominators between adults' apparel and children's apparel considering that characteristic that the target class is different from the buyer class. Furthermore, they must make active investments in human resources, develop outstanding products through advanced planning and design, and support marketing techniques and management systems to stores. 2. As the declining birth rate will continue to have a negative effect on the market, it may be difficult to expand the market size but there is still a margin for growth through high-sensibility and high-quality products. The competitiveness of brands is determined by their market shares. Accordingly, concepts should be specialized according to lifestyle, customers' diverse needs should be satisfied, and cross-coordination should be achieved within a brand. 3. Considering Korean parents who do not spare investment in their children despite shrinking consumption, functional products must be high value-added goods that can enhance efficiency. However, in the current situation of the infants' apparel industry where a textile manufacturer supply its products to multiple brands, it is difficult to develop unique products only based on materials. Thus, it is considered urgent to appeal to consumers not by relying on materials only but by finding methods of applying their own characters to children's dress.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.658-667
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is 1) to research how practitioners in fashion industry in South Korea perceive concepts of Technical Design/Designer, 2) to compare and analyze issues at work by occupation, 3) to research specific works in garment development process, and 4) to compare and analyze work involvement by occupation, type of a company and etc, and 5) to propose the role of Technical Designers in apparel companies in South Korea. There were two methods to conduct this study, which were in-depth interview and survey. Both methods were conducted to designers, merchandisers, pattern makers, technical designers, and production coordinators. Frequency analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Factor analysis were performed to get results by using SPSS 18.0 program. The results are following. There were 50 works during garment development process from the result of in-depth interview, and 6 factors were obtained from the result of Factor analysis, which were 'Works about Sample in Sample Development Process', 'Works about Product's Pattern and Size Spec', 'Works about Development of Garment's Design', 'Works about Planning of Product Development and Management of Product in Stock', 'Works about Production Process', and 'Preparation Works for Sample Development'. In conclusion, technical designer in apparel companies in South Korea should be in charge of works about sample in sample development process and decision making of product' size spec, which is included in works about product's pattern and size spec. Also, they should complete technical package after product is developed by designers.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of armscye circumference which will be used to develop total contents for the apparel industry. The subjects of this study were 16- to 49-year-old women whose 3D body shape data were analyzed. 72 length and length-ratio measurements were taken to each subject' armscye circumference. The used analysis methods are descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. The results are follows; 1. Considering the Length of armscye circumference, the result of principal component analysis were extracted 3 factors and those factors comprised 95% of total variance. As the result of the cluster analysis of factor scores, subjects were classified into 4 cluster by their size characteristic. 2. Considering the length-ratio of armscye circumference, the result of principal component analysis were extracted 5 factors and those factors comprised 96.45% of total variance. As the result of the cluster analysis of factor scores, subjects were classified into 5 cluster by their shape characteristic. So that, this research could be useful to manufacture garment which reflected 3D body figure and improved fitting.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.509-518
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• 2005

In recent years retail competition has intensified, generally as a consequence of technologies, more sophisticated management practices and industry consolidation. An understanding of current customers' loyalty intentions and their determinants is an important basis for the identification of optimal retailer actions. The focus of this study is to examine the links between patronage intention and the effects of various antecedents of current customers' store loyalty intentions in fashion store. 340 female universities students living in Seoul were analyzed by utilizing multiple regressions to investigate the predictability of each of the 4 different sets of variables(consumer value, source of information, clothing benefits, importance of store attributes) on four patronage intentions of apparel shopping(discount store, speciality store, conventional market, Fashion shopping mall). Four factors were significant in predicting conventional market patronage intention. Brand had a negative coefficient, while price, social affiliation, store fashion service/promotion had positive coefficients. Fashion shopping mall were predicted by five factors:brand had a negative coefficient, while media, social affiliation, price, uniqueness had positive coefficients. For specialty store, four factors were significant: brand had a negative coefficient, while store fashion service/promotion, personal sources, uniqueness had positive coefficients. Four factors were significant in predicting discount store patronage intention :price, store fashion service/promotion, social affiliation, variety of price & product had positive coefficients. Despite the relatively low $r^2s$, all four variables appeared to have, to some degree, predictability of choosing among four different types of store for apparel shopping. Based on the results, patronage intention profiles for four retail stores were developed. Marketing implications are discussed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.85-100
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• 2019

This study examines changes in consumer perceptions of fashion shows, which are critical elements in the apparel industry and a means to represent a brand's image and originality. For this purpose, big data in clothing marketing, text mining, semantic network analysis techniques were applied. This study aims to verify the effectiveness and significance of fashion shows in an effort to give directions for their future utilization. The study was conducted in two major stages. First, data collection with the key word, "fashion shows," was conducted across websites, including Naver and Daum between 2015 and 2018. The data collection period was divided into the first- and second-half periods. Next, Textom 3.0 was utilized for data refinement, text mining, and word clouding. The Ucinet 6.0 and NetDraw, were used for semantic network analysis, degree centrality, CONCOR analysis and also visualization. The level of interest in "models" was found to be the highest among the perception factors related to fashion shows in both periods. In the first-half period, the consumer interests focused on detailed visual stimulants such as model and clothing while in the second-half period, perceptions changed as the value of designers and brands were increasingly recognized over time. The findings of this study can be utilized as a tool to evaluate fashion shows, the apparel industry sectors, and the marketing methods. Additionally, it can also be used as a theoretical framework for big data analysis and as a basis of strategies and research in industrial developments.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.549-559
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• 2023

Along with the transition to the fourth industrial revolution, the possibility of metaverse-based innovation in the fashion field has been confirmed, and various applications are being sought. Therefore, this study performs meaning structure analysis and discusses the prospects of meta fashion using big data. From 2020 to 2022, data including the keyword "metaverse + fashion design" were collected from portal sites (Naver, Daum, and Google), and the results of keyword frequency, N-gram, and TF-IDF analyses were derived using text mining. Furthermore, network visualization and CONCOR analysis were performed using Ucinet 6 to understand the interconnected structure between keywords and their essential meanings. The results were as follows: The main keywords appeared in the following order: fashion, metaverse, design, 3D, platform, apparel, and virtual. In the N-gram analysis, the density between fashion and metaverse words was high, and in the TF-IDF analysis results, the importance of content- and technology-related words such as 3D, apparel, platform, NFT, education, AI, avatar, MCM, and meta-fashion was confirmed. Through network visualization and CONCOR analysis using Ucinet 6, three cluster results were derived from the top emerging words: "metaverse fashion design and industry," "metaverse fashion design and education," and "metaverse fashion design platform." CONCOR analysis was also used to derive differentiated analysis results for middle and lower words. The results of this study provide useful information to strengthen competitiveness in the field of metaverse fashion design.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.242-252
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• 2011

The purpose of the study was to investigate customer loyalty programs of diverse types of retailers. As offline retailers, department store and discount store retailers were examined, and as nonstore retailers, online store and TV home shopping retailers were investigated. Types of customer loyalty programs were analyzed based on Dowling and Uncles'(1997) loyalty program framework which included two schemes, types of reward(direct versus indirect rewards) and timing of reward(immediate versus delayed rewards). The study found that different types of retailers utilized different types of loyalty programs: Department store used all the type of rewards, discount store focused on direct/immediate rewards, online store retailers used direct/delayed rewards and/or direct/immediate rewards, and TV home shopping retailers focused on direct/delayed rewards. The study provided diverse managerial and academic implications.