• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.34-37
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• 1995

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been known as inhibitors of the folate-requiring enzymes. In the present work, we have expanded on these observations and have investigated the inhibitory effects of NSAIDs on Lactobacillus casei thymidylate synthase expressed in E. coli. NSAIDs including sulphasalizine, salicylic acid, indomethacin and mefenamic acid were found to be competitive inhibitors with respect to folate of Lactobacillus casei thymidylate synthase. In contrast, aspirin and the antipyretic-analgesic drugs acetaminophen and antipyrine were weak inhibitors of the enzyme. Structure-activity correlation suggests that an aromatic ring with a side chain containing a carboxylic acid is a requirement for competitive inhibition of the thymidylate synthase. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the antifolate activity of NSAIDs, and hence cytostatic consequences, are important factors in producing anti-inflammatory activity and aspirin exerts its anti-inflammatory effects after its conversion into salicylic acid, which possesses greater antifolate activity than its parent compound.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.448-451
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• 2002

Isatis indigotica is commonly used as traditional chinese medicine for antipyretic, antiviral, and detoxifying purpose in China. In order to examine whether it prevents lipid peroxidation, root of Isatis indigotica was extracted with methanol and fractionated with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The activity was evaluated by DPPH method and lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate and C $u^{++}$ -induced oxidated LDL. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction and indigo, which is known as its constituent, had significantly anti-lipid peroxidative effects.s.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.146.2-147
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• 2003

Lonicera japonica is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and has been traditionally used as an anti - inflammatory, diuretic, abscessic, antipyretic, and antidotic agent. Lonicera japonica was investigated for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects using several in vivo models. SKLJI was purified for i.v. injection from Lonicera japonica as a potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic fraction, after activity-guided fractionation study. (omitted)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.494-499
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• 2001

Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) has pungent smell and taste. It has been regarded as detoxicant, antipyretic, antiinflammantory and diuretic agents. In order to evaluate antioxidative and antilipidperoxidative efficacies, its fractions ($H_2O$, 20% MeOH, 40% MeOH, 60% MeOH, 170% MeOH) were measured by DPPH method and TBARS assay on rat liver homogenate. It was revealed that 60% MeOH fractions had potential antioxidative activity and inhibited lipid peroxidation significantly: In active fractions, we isolated rutin, hyperin, quercitrin and quercetin.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.349-353
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• 2000

Mefenamic acid has been widely used as clinical drug for anti-inflammatory and analgesic. This drug was known to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen and indomethacin. Although the drugs which comprise this group are of diverse chemical structures, they all share the antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions which are characteristic of aspirin. Action of this drugs is caused by inhibitory effect of biosynthesis of prostaglandin that are synthesized from arachidonic acid via the endoperoxide biosynthesis pathway, the initial step of which is catalysed by cyclooxygenase. Mefenamic acid has more potent inhibitory action of prostaglandin biosynthesis than aspirin. Therefore, mefenamic acid is expected to have anticoagulant activity as aspirin-like drugs. This study was carried out to investigate the sinthesis of mefenamic acid derivatives from mefenamic acid and aromatic compound of antioxidant and its antioxidative and anticoagulant activities. Synthesis of mefenamic acid derivatives was conformed by conjugation as using esterification method. Biological activities was examined using effect of anticoagulant on bleeding time and effect of antioxidant by TBA method. As a result, SJ-202 showed strong antioxidative activity and anticoagulant activity among tested 4 compounds and exhibited similar activity to aspirin at anticoagulant activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 2011

Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense is known to have a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity and antipyretic activity. In this study we investigated the role of polyacetylene compound, 1-Heptadecene-11, 13-diyne-8, 9, 10-triol (PA) from the root of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense as an immune-modulator. PA was evaluated as inhibitors of some macrophage functions involved in the inflammatory process. We tested the effect of PA on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1beta (IL-$1{\beta}$) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$), and nitric oxide (NO) in murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. There was no effect on cytokine production of macrophages by PA itself. However, PA inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-$\alpha$ production by macrophages at a dose dependent manner. PA also suppressed the NO production of macrophages by LPS. LPS-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ activity was decreased by treatment of PA. Therefore, these results suggest that PA has anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the NF-${\kappa}B$ activation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.1084-1089
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• 2006

The fructus of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GF) has been widely used as a natural colorant in Asian countries, and also as a Chinese traditional medicine for its homeostatic, antiphlogistic, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. In the present study, its main component, crocin, was fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their antihyperlipidemic activity was measured. The GF extract, fermented GF (F-GF), crocin, and fermented crocin (F-crocin) significantly inhibited the increase of serum triglyceride (TG) level in corn oil feeding-induced triglyceridemic mice, as well as that of serum TG and total and LDL cholesterol levels in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. These agents also showed hypolipidemic activity in hyperlipidemic mice induced by high fat diet for 5 weeks. F-GF and F-crocin exhibited more potent hyperlipidemic effects than GF and crocin. The results suggest that the hypolipidemic effect of GF and crocin can be synergistically activated by LAB, and that F-GF and F-crocin may improve hyperlipidemia in clinic, compared with GF and crocin.

• CELLMED
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.13.1-13.7
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• 2020

Arusa (Adhatoda vasica) is an important medicinal plant widely used in Unani system of medicine of (Family-Acanthaceae). The leaves of Adhatoda vasica contain several biologically active phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenolics and flavonoids. It mainly consists of pyrroquinazoline, alkaloids, viz. vasicine, vasicol, vasicinone, peganine along with other minor constituents. The plant possesses diverse pharmacological activities, In Unani system of medicine, the drug is described as having dafa-e-tashannuj (anti-spasmodic), qatil-e-jarasim (antibiotic), mukhrij-e-balgham (expectorant), dafa-e-humma (antipyretic) properties due to which it is prescribed in a wide range of ailments like influenza, tuberculosis, bronchitis, gastric ulcers etc. Leaf juice is beneficial in the treatment of dysentery and diarrhoea. Various other activities like radio modulation, hypoglycaemic effect, cardiovascular protection, antitubercular, antiviral, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity have also been reported.

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.24.1-24.7
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• 2015

Bahunia racemosa family, Caesalpiniaceae, is one of the precious resources of the earth. It has played a significant role in human civilization since ancient times. It is tall sized tree growing throughout India, Ceylon, China, and Timor. The different part of this plant contains β-sitosterol and β-amyrin, flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin) and two coumarins (scopoletin and scopolin), tannins etc. Various part of this plant has great pharmacological potential with a great utility and usage as folklore medicine as analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antimicrobial activity. This review mainly focus on the exclusive review work on the traditional, phytochemical and pharmacological activities of this plant.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 1976

Scolopendra corpus has been used as anticonvulsants and antispasmodics in the oriental medicine. It was previously shown that water extract of Scolopendra corpus had an inhibitory action on ileum in mouse. To investigate the anticonvulsant and antispasmodic activity of Scolopendra corpus, pharmacological studies have been carried out with the water extract of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans $L.\;K_{OCH}$, which is widely distributed in Korea. 1. The extract depressed convulsions induced by picrotoxin and strychnine. 2. Sedative and antipyretic analgesic action were observed. 3. In mouse and rabbit, tone of intestinal smooth muscle was suppressed with the treatment of the extract and intestinal contraction induced by $BaCl_2$ was also inhibited, suggesting that the extract has a papaverine-like effect. Whereas, in guinea pig, intestinal and tracheal smooth muscle were stimulated, and the effect was antagonized by pre-and after-treatment of diphenhydramine, suggesting that the extract has a histamine-like effect. 4.Flow rate was increased when hind-limb of Toad was perfused with saline containing the extract, but returned to normal within 10 min. Hypotensive effect was observed in rabbit and the effect was abolished by vagotomy.