• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.217-224
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of safe handling education of antineoplastic drug on knowledge and performance of clinical nurses. Methods: This was a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest study. A total of 49 nurses (25 for the experimental group and 24 for the control group) who dealt with antineoplastic drug within the previous 1 week participated in the study. The guidelines for safe handling of antineoplastic drugs and antineoplastic drugs side effects were provided to the experimental groups whereas only antineoplastic drugs side effects was given to the control groups. Knowledge and performance in reference to antineoplastic drug handling were measured before and 8-week after interventions. Results: The knowledge scores between the pretest and posttest were not statistically significant in both groups. However, the performance scores in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The given education of safe handling of antineoplastic drugs had an effect on improving clinical nurses' performance. Thus this education could be routinely administered in practice for those who deal with antineoplastic drugs in their everyday practice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship between nurses' compliance with safety guidelines for the use of antineoplastic agents, observable symptoms, and stress from occupational exposure. Methods: The participants were 172 nurses from six general hospitals in a metropolitan area. They had administered antineoplastic agents at least three months prior to the study. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires, and then analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 for descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff\acute{e}$ method, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The average score on the guideline for safety compliance was 87.75 points out of a total of 100. The average score for observable symptoms of exposure to antineoplastic agents was 30.12 (28~56) points, and that for mean stress was 33.52 (15~60) points. Observable symptoms and stress from occupational exposure showed a statistically significant positive correlation (r=0.34, p<.001). Conclusion: To increase the degree of compliance with safety guidelines for antineoplastic agents, hospitals should lower the chance of exposure to antineoplastic agents, as well as minimize the observable symptoms and stress from occupational exposure. Periodic education and policy support are needed to improve compliance with safety guidelines for antineoplastic agent use.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1985

Examination of the constituents of a marine sponge, Aplysina fishtularis, indicated that brominated tyrosine metabolites were mainly responsible for antimicrobial and antineoplastic activities. Halogenated tyrosine metabolites, 2, 6-dibromo-(2), 2-bromo-3-chloro-(3) and 2, 6-dibromo-(5), 5-a mino-2-bromo-6-chloro-(6) and 5-amino-2, 6-dich-loro-(7) 4-hydroxy-2-cyclohexenone-4-acetic acid lactams were identified as the major antineoplastic and antimicrobial principles. Many other brominated tyrosine metabolites were also confirmed, but they did not show antimicrobial and antineoplastic activities.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 1988

A new series of substituted phenazone derivatives has been prepared through a series of reactions that are illustrated in Scheme I. The antibacterial and antineoplastic activities of the prepared compounds were evaluated. While none of the synthesized products showed marked antibacterial activity, all of them possessed a significant antitumor effect.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 1972

Seven alkylthiosulfates and three diaryl thiosulfates were synthesized as potential antineoplastic agents, and subjected to antineoplastic activity test against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, SN-36 Leukemia and Sarcoma 180. Allyl thiosulfate, n-propylthiosulfate and ${\beta}$-hydroxyethylthiosulfate were found as to be active against experimental tumors.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.245-248
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• 1973

Four main components of plants produced in Korea were subjected to the screening test of antineoplastic activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, SN 36 leukemia and sarcoma 180. Of the four components, bilobol showed comparatively active survival effect.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 1977

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.8-22
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• 1988

Vincristine and vinblastine isolated from Vinco spp. , and podophyllotoxine derivatives isolated from Podophyllum spp. are usefulas anticancerous components obtaned from higher plants. More thanten antineoplastic compounds are now following them as anticancerousagents from higher plants. In my laboratory, Sarcoma 180A has beenused as the first screening test. By this method, I have found outsome kinds of antineoplastic constituents from active plants extracts .For instance, bisaborane type compounds were isolated from Curcumaxanthorrhiza, one of Indonesian plants; a morphinane type compoundfromCocculus trilobus; cyclic hexapeptides from Rubia akane and R.cordiorta. Seven components having antineoplastic actirity wereisolated from Rubia spp. except. R. tinctoria. Their structures wereelucidated except RA-Vl by chemical reaction and variovs instrumentalanalysis as shown in Fig. Among of them, RA-Vll showed strong activityagainst P388 Lymphocytic leukemia, L2O, B16 melanoma, Lewis lungcarcinoma, colon 38 and Ehrlich carcinoma. RA-V revealed excellentactivity against MM2 mammary carcinoma. The· value of acute LD5O ofRA-ViI were 10. Omg/kg( iP) and 16.5mg/kg( po ) respectiveIy . Therapruticratio was 400, compared with 10 of mitomycin C. QSAR was also appliedto these compounds by elongation of ether and ester side chains atR'. Mechanism of action of RA-Vll was also investigated and wasassumed to be inhibition of protein biosynthesis .

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.169-174
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• 2014

We have been examining the issue of healthcare workers' exposure to antineoplastic drugs for nearly a decade and have observed that there appears to be more publications on the subject matter originating from Europe than from North America. The concern is that findings from Europe may not be generalizable to North America because of differences in handling practices, regulatory requirements, and training. Our objective was to perform a literature review to confirm our observation and, in turn, identify gaps in knowledge that warrants addressing in North America. Using select keywords, we searched for publications in PubMed and Web of Science. All papers were initially classified according to the originating continent and then categorized into one or more subject categories (analytical methods, biological monitoring, occupational exposure, surface contamination, and probability of risk/exposure). Our review identified 16 papers originating from North America and 55 papers from Europe with surface contamination being the subject matter most often studied overall. Based on our results, we are of the opinion that North American researchers need to further conduct dermal and/or urinary drug contamination studies as well as assess the exposure risk faced by healthcare workers who handle antineoplastic drugs. Trends in exposure levels should also be explored.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.4951-4957
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• 2016

Background: Apart from reducing occupational exposure to cytotoxic hazards, the PhaSeal(R) closed-system transfer device (CSTD) can extend the beyond-use dates (BUDs) of unfinished vials of antineoplastic drugs for up to 168 hours (seven days). In this study, the total material cost incurred by its use in a Malaysian government-funded hospital was calculated. Methods: A list of vial stability following initial needle punctures of 29 commonly-used antineoplastic drugs was compiled. The amount of the materials used, including drugs, infusion bottles, the PhaSeal(R) CSTD and other consumables, was recorded on a daily basis for three months in 2015. The total cost was calculated based on the actual acquisition costs, and was compared with that of a hypothetical scenario, whereby conventional syringe-needle sets were used for the same amounts of preparations. Results: The use of the PhaSeal(R) CSTD incurred a cost of MYR 383,634.52 (USD 92,072.28) in three months, representing an average of MYR 170.5 (USD 40.92) per preparation or an estimated annual cost of MYR 1,534,538.08 (USD 368,289.14). Compared with conventional syringe-needle approach, it is estimated to lead to an additional spending of MYR 148,627.68 (USD 35,670.64) yearly. Conclusion: Although there was a reduction of drug wastage achieved by extending BUDs of unfinished vials using the PhaSeal(R) CSTD, cost saving was not observed, likely attributable to the wide use of lower-priced generic drugs in Malaysia. Future studies should further evaluate the possibility of cost saving, especially in health settings where branded and high-cost antineoplastic drugs are more commonly used.