• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1290-1300
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• 2018

돌산갓김치의 조추출물을 이용하여 glucosinolates함량, 항산화활성, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성을 측정하였다. Glucosinolates 함량은 DLMK의 잎과 줄기에서 6.41, 7.92 mg/g으로 발효기간 중 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. Total polyphenol과 total flavonoid함량은 줄기보다 잎에서 발효기간 동안 2배 이상의 함량을 나타냈다. ABTS라디컬 소거활성과 EDA은 발효 14일째 대조군과 유사한 활성을 나타냈고, FRAP는 발효 14일째 잎에서 대조군보다 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 그리고 항고혈압 활성(ACE 저해활성)은 잎에서 대조군인 0.01% captopril과 비슷하거나 높은 저해활성을 나타냈으며, 항당뇨활성(${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성)은 대조군인 0.05% acarbose보다 잎, 줄기에서 높은 저해활성을 나타냈다. 또한 glucosinolates 함량과 ABTS 및 EDA, ACE 저해활성 및 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성의 상관관계는 줄기 추출물 보다 잎 추출물이 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 발효기간 중 glucosinolates는 sinigrin, glucobrassicin, glucotropaeolin, progoitrin 검출되었다. 이 결과를 통해 돌산 갓김치 추출물은 항산화, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성에 효과가 높은 것으로 나타냈기에 기능성 식품으로서 가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2009

Fish scales have potential in functional food preparation due to their antioxidant and antihypertensive properties. We investigated the angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Tilapia mossambica scale extracts. Hydrolysates of tilapia scales were prepared by enzymatic extraction using five proteases (${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, Alcalase, Kojizyme, Protamex and trypsin) after scales were treated with hot water for 3 hr. Scale enzymatic hydrolysates prepared using both hot water and enzyme treatments exhibited elevated hydrolysis (about 25%-55%) compared to only enzyme treatment (about 15%-45%). Enzymatic hydrolysates (1 mg/mL) prepared by both hot water and enzyme treatments also showed significantly increased ACE inhibitory activities from about 20%-75%. The pattern of ACE inhibitory activities was similar to the degree of hydrolysis. Alcalase and ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin hydrolysates displayed the highest ACE inhibitory activities ($IC_{50}$ = 0.83 mg/mL and 0.68 mg/mL, respectively). In addition, the ACE inhibitory effects of $IC_{50}$-chymotrypsin hydrolysates increased with decreasing molecular weight (5 kDa>, 10 kDa> and 30 kDa>), with the 5 kDa> fraction displaying the highest ACE inhibitory activity (about 89.9% and $IC_{50}$ = 0.1 mg/mL). We suggest that the peptide compounds of enzymatic hydrolysates prepared from tilapia scale enhances ACE inhibitory activity and might be useful as an antihypertensive material.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2011

항고혈압 효능이 우수하며 부작용이 없는 새로운 고혈압 예방 소재를 개발하고자 한국 식품연구원에서 분리, 동정한 48종의 효모들의 PD broth 배양 농축물들을 대상으로 angiotensin 전환효소(ACE) 저해활성을 조사하여 활성이 우수한 효모들을 선정한 다음 ACE 저해물질의 생산 최적 조건을 검토하였다. ACE 저해활성은 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y183-3 균주의 PD broth 배양 농축물이 71.8%의 가장 높은 ACE 저해활성을 보여 최종 우수 균주로 선발하였다. 그리고 이 Y183-3 효모를 $30^{\circ}C$에서 36시간 PD broth에 배양했을 때 ACE 저해물질이 가장 많이 생산되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2011

In this study, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor from squid skin was purified and characterized. Squid (Todarodes pacificus) skin protein isolates were hydrolyzed using six commercial proteases: alcalase, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, neutrase, papain, pepsin, and trypsin. The peptic hydrolysate had the highest ACE inhibitory activity. The ACE inhibitory peptide was purified using Sephadex G-25 column chromatography and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a $C_{18}$ column. The purified ACE inhibitory peptide was identified and sequenced, and found to consist of seven amino acid residues: Ser-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu-Val-Pro (657Da). The $IC_{50}$ value of the purified ACE inhibitory peptide was 766.2 ${\mu}M$, and Lineweaver-Burk plots suggested that the purified peptide acts as a noncompetitive ACE inhibitor. These results suggest that the ACE inhibitory peptide purified from the peptic hydrolysate of squid skin may be of benefit in developing antihypertensive drugs and functional foods.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.82-85
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• 2006

Eucommia ulmoides bark extracts by cold water, boiling water, 100% EtOH, 70% EtOH, 100% MeOH, 70% MeOH and $CHCl_3$ were assayed for their medicinal effects. The antioxidant activity of the extracts ranged from $IC_{50}$ 125.2 to $IC_{50}\;872.7{\mu}g/ml$ in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) free radical-scavenging assay, and cold water extracts had the highest antioxidant activity. $CHCl_3$ extracts had the highest inhibitory effect on angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) giving inhibition of up to 56.4% at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Extracts in 100% EtOH had the greatest inhibitory effect on $\acute{a}-amylase$ activity ($IC_{50}=174.6{\mu}g/ml$), and 70% MeOH extracts had the greatest inhibitory effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity ($IC_{50}=14.0{\mu}g/ml$). Taken together, these results provided the in vitro evidence on the ACE, amylase and glucosidase inhibitory actions of E. ulmoides bark that form the pharmacological basis for its antihypertensive and antidiabetic action.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.738-747
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• 2015

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity was evaluated for the low-molecular-weight fraction (<3 kDa) obtained from milk fermentation by Bifidobacterium longum KACC91563. The ACE inhibitory activity in this fraction was 62.3%. The peptides generated from the <3 kDa fraction were identified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quantitative time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. Of the 28 peptides identified, 11 and 16 were identified as β-casein (CN) and α_s1-CN, respectively. One peptide was identified as κ-CN. Three peptides, YQEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV, QEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV, and GPVRGPFPIIV, from β-CN corresponded to known antihypertensive peptides. We also found 15 peptides that were identified as potential antihypertensive peptides because they included a known antihypertensive peptide fragment. These peptides were as follows: RELEELNVPGEIVE (f1-14), YQEPVLGPVRGPFP (f193-206), EPVLGPVRGPFPIIV (f195-206), PVLGPVRGPFPIIV (f196-206), VLGPVRGPFPIIV (f197-206), and LGPVRGPFPIIV (f198-206) for β-CN; and APSFSDIPNPIGSENSEKTTMPLW (f176-199), SFSDIPNPIGSENSEKT- TMPLW (f178-199), FSDIPNPIGSENSEKTTMPLW (f179-199), SDIPNPIGSENSEKTTMPLW (f180-199), DIPNPIGSENSEKTTMPLW (f181-199), IPNPIGSENSEKTTMPLW (f182-199), PIGSENSEKTTMPLW (f185-199), IGSENSEKTTMPLW (f186-199), and SENSEKTTMPLW (f188-199) for α_s1-CN. From these results, B. longum could be used as a starter culture in combination with other lactic acid bacteria in the dairy industry, and/or these peptides could be used in functional food manufacturing as additives for the development of a product with beneficial effects for human health.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.109-112
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• 2011

Vitis hybrid (Sheridan)-Robus coreanus red wine was vinified by fermentation of a mixture of Vitis hybrid and Robus coreanus must at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. The Vitis hybrid-Robus coreanus red wine had ethanol contents of 10.9%. It had high antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of 57.8% and antioxidant activity of 64.8%. Changes in the physicochemical properties and functionality of the Vitis hybrid-Robus coreanus red wine was investigated during a post-fermentation period of three months. The ACE inhibitory activity of the red wine increased as the post-fermentation period prolonged, and showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity of 70.4% 60 days post-fermentation. However, the antioxidant activity declined significantly to 47.2% during the post-fermentation period of 60 days. In terms of sensory evaluation, the Vitis hybrid-Robus coreanus red wine had the best acceptability 60 days post-fermentation.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.733-737
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• 2003

고혈압 예방 효과를 가진 전통주를 개발하기 위하여 우선 엔지오텐신전환효소(ACE)저해 활성이 있다고 알려진 몇 가지 곡류를 이용하여 입국을 만들어 알콜 발효특성을 조사하였다. 또한 선정된 입국과 각종 두류분말을 덧밥에 첨가하여 전통주를 제조한 후 품질특성과 ACE저해 활성 및 기호도 등을 조사하였다. 수수 입국을 이용하여 전통주를 제조하였을 때 에탄올 생성량은 13.8%로 다른 입국으로 만든 술 보다 약간 낮았으나 ACE저해 활성은 43.3%로 제일 높았다. 또한 녹두가루를 덧밥의 50% 첨가하고 민들레꽃을 1% 첨가한 후 수수 입국과 주모로 $30^{\circ}C$에서 10일간 발효 시켰을때 에탄올 생성량과 항고혈압 활성을 나타내는 ACE저해 활성이 약 69%로 크게 증가하였고 맛과 향도 우수하였다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2023

COVID-19 caused a catastrophe in human health. People infected with COVID-19 also suffer from various clinical illnesses during and after the infection. The Boerhavia diffusa plant is well known for its antihypertensive activity. ACE-II inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are reported as mechanisms for the antihypertensive activity of B. diffusa phytoconstituents. Various studies have said ACE-II is the virus's binding site to attack host cells. COVID-19 treatment commonly employs a variety of synthetic antiviral and steroidal drugs. As a result, other clinical illnesses, such as hypertension and hyperglycemia, emerge as serious complications. Safe and effective drug delivery is a prime objective of the drug development process. COVID-19 is treated with various herbal treatments; however, they are not widely used due to their low potency. Many herbal plants and formulations are used to treat COVID-19 infection, in which B. diffusa is the most widely used plant. The current study relies on discovering active phytoconstituents with ACE-II inhibitory activity in the B. diffusa plant. As a result, it can be used as a treatment option for patients with COVID-19 and related diseases. Different phytoconstituents of the B. diffusa plant were selected from the reported literature. The activity of phytoconstituents against ACE-II proteins has been studied. Molecular docking and ligand-protein interaction computation tools are used in the in-silico experiment. Physicochemical, drug-likeness, water solubility, lipophilicity, and pharmacokinetic parameters are used to evaluate phytoconstituents. Liriodenine has the best drug-likeness, bioactivity, and binding score characteristics among the selected ligands. The in-silico study aims to find the therapeutic potential of B. diffusa phytoconstituents against ACE-II. Targeting ACE-II also shows an effect against SARS-CoV-2. It can serve as a rationale for designing a drug for patient infected with COVID-19 and associated diseases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2002

An angiotensin I-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1) (ACE), which can convert inactive angiotensin I into angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor, is one of the key enzymes in controlling hypertension. It is suggested that the inhibition of ACE prevents hypertension, and many inhibitory peptides have already been reported. In the current study, oligonucleotides encoding ACE inhibitory peptides (IY, VKY) were chemically synthesized and designed to be multimerised due to isoschizomer sites (BamHI, BglII). The cloned gene named AP3 was multimerised up to 6 times in pBluescript and expressed in BL2l containing pGEX-KG. The fusion protein (GST-AP3) was easily purified with a high recovery by an affinity resin, yielding 38 mg of synthetic AP3 from a 1-1 culture. The digestion of AP3 by chymotrypsin exhibited an $IC_50$ value of $18.53{\mu}M$. In conclusion, the present experiment indicated that AP3 could be used as a dietary antihypertensive drug, since the potent ACE inhibitory activity of AP3 could be activated by chymotrypsin in human intestine.