• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 2003

Objective : The aim of this research was to investigate the depressive effect of depletion of B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) in hypertentive stroke patients. Methods : Depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) in hypertentive stroke patient who were admitted in Dong-Seo Oriental Medical Hospital every other day form 4 weeks, without western antihypertensive drug. Results : After treatment in 2nd week, depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) without western antihypertensive drug increased the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. After treatment in 4th week, depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) without western antihypertensive drug decreased the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. After treatment in 4th week, values of RBC and hemoglobine were not significantly changed. Conclusions : Continous depletion on B15(心兪), B23(腎兪), L5(尺澤), B40(委中) in hypertentive stroke patient without western antihypertensive drug implies decreasement of blood pressure, without change of values of RBC and hemoglobine.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.261-273
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• 2007

We investigated the antihypertensive effect of Pet ether extract (PE) of ginger rhizome; its toluene fraction (TF) and Korean ginseng extract (KGE) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) - salt induced and fructose induced hypertensive rats. In DOCA model, DOCA (25 mg/kg, once a week; s.c) was administered in uninephrectomised animals for 4 w. PE (50 mg/kg/day; p.o), TF (10 mg/kg/day; p.o) and KGE (30 mg/kg/day; p.o) were evaluated for their antihypertensive effect. In the fructose model, drinking water was replaced with fructose (10%) for five weeks to induce hypertension. PE (50 mg/kg/day; p.o) and KGE (30 mg/kg/day; p.o) were assessed for its antihypertensive effect in fructose model. After completion of the treatment schedule, vascular reactivity to various agonists like 5-HT, noradrenaline, adrenaline, phenylbiguanide and acetylcholine were recorded in rats of both the models. A cumulative dose response curve (CDRC) of 5-HT was carried out in isolated rat fundus strip of the fructose induced hypertensive rats. Chronic administration of PE (50 mg/kg/day; p.o), TF (10 mg/kg/day; p.o), and KGE (30 mg/kg/day; p.o) significantly reduced the blood pressure in DOCA salt whereas PE (50 mg/kg/day; p.o) and KGE (30 mg/kg/day; p.o) reduced the blood pressure in fructose induced hypertensive rats. Treatment with PE (50 mg/kg/day; p.o) and KGE (30 mg/kg/day; p.o) in fructose model for five weeks shifted the CDRC towards the right on rat fundus. The mechanism of action may partly involve the serotonergic antagonistic property.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.289-297
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to review the clinical studies on antihypertensive effects of Oryeong-san. Methods : We searched papers using KTKP, Oasis, CNKI, PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, CINAHL, J STAGE and CiNii, and the key words "Oryeong-san (韓)", "Wuling-san (中)", "Gorei-san (日)", and "Hypertension" were used. Search range included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical reports, reviews and animal experiments. Papers not matched with inclusion criteria were excluded. Results : A total 479 studies were found, with 457 excluded during title and screening. After scanning 22 papers, a final 3 RCTs and 6 case reports were selected and analyzed. In the 3 RCTs, the number of patients varied between 65 and 156. Patients with hypertension were randomized into groups for treatment group and control group. They were all treated with antihypertensive drugs (Vamlodipine Besylate, Benazepril, Perindopril); the treatment group was also given modified Oryeong-san. After treatment, results were that blood pressure was significantly decreased in the treatment group, compared to the control. The other 6 case reports reported that modified Oryeong-san alone or the combination of Oryeong-san plus antihypertensive drugs had beneficial effects on blood pressure. Conclusions : Oryeong-san appears to be effective in improving blood pressure and hypertension-related symptoms. The results of this study could be applied to clinical treatment of hypertension. Further large-scale clinical researches should be conducted.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 1987

ABSTRACT - To examine antihypertensive components of Ganoderma lucidum in Korea, two kinds of fruiting bodies (J and K) were used for extraction with water and the extracts were purified by ethanol precipitation and dialysis. Three fractions, i.e., the aqueous total extract(A), the ethanol supernatant(B} and the purified precipitate(C), were compared for antihypertensive activity in anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SUR). Although fractions A and B showed the activity, fraction C did not. Particularly, fraction B of sample K produced 44.3% reduction in diastolic blood pressure and 30.6% reduction in heart rate after i.v. administration of a dose of 10 mg/kg. Direct effects of this fraction B to the heart were observed in the isolated blood perfused heart preparation of the dog. It induced positive chronotropic and inotropic responses dose-dependently in the case of sample J. In the case of sample K, marked chronotropic and inotropic effects on atrial muscle but not on ventricular muscle were induced. In both samples, coronary blood flow (CBF) was dose-relatedly increased.reased.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 1989

KR-1008 and KR-30006 are 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives, new vasodilatory calcium antagonists from KRICT. Calcium antagonistic properties of the compounds were studied in the isolated heart (Langendorff preparation), pulmonary artery (vasodilation), and in the papillary muscle (negative inotropic effect) of the guinea pig. Antihypertensive effect were also investigated after i.v. or oral administration in the SHR (spontaneously hypertensive rat). They produced a sigificant inhibition of Ca-induced contraction in the guinea pig pulmonary artery at the concentrations of above $10^{-8}M$. The negative inotropic effect of the electrically stimulated papillary muscle appeared from the concentration of $10^{-6}M$, which is about hundred times higer than the concentration of vasodilation effect. Left ventricular pressure also decreased from the concentration of $3\;{\times}\;10^{-6}M$ in KR-1008 and KR-3006 in the Langendorff heart preparations. Coronary flow rate increased from $10^{-6}M$ in KR-1008 and nicardipine and appeared no change in KR-30006. The antihypertensive effect of KR-1008 (EC 20: $2.9\;{\mu}g/kg$) was potent more than nicardipine (EC 20: $3.4\;{\mu}g/kg$) and than Kr-30006 (EC 20: $6.8\;{\mu}g/kg$) was, after i.v. bolus injection in the anesthetized SHR. The antihypertensive effect in the conscious SHR appeared 30 minutes after oral administration of 10 mg/kg and persisted 4 hrs in KR-1008 and 12 hrs in KR-30006. Heart rate tended to increase for 0.5-1 hr after oral administration of the test compounds.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.298-306
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• 2023

Objectives: Cucumis sativus L. (C. sativus) is vegetable commonly used for managing blood pressure and often consumed in combination with standard antihypertensive therapy, despite lack of scientific evidence supporting their use. Combination of herbs and standard medication could have positive or negative effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive activity of C. sativus and the combined effect with losartan in the hypertensive rat model induced by angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that, upon binding to its receptor, constricts blood vessels leading to elevation of blood pressure. Methods: In an antihypertensive study, rats received C. sativus orally at doses of 9, 18, 27, and 36 mg/kg (full dose); while in a combination study, animals received losartan 2.25 mg/kg combined by either with C. sativus 9 or 18 mg/kg. The standards group received losartan 2.25 mg/kg or 4.5 mg/kg (full dose). Results: Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method. C. sativus significantly attenuated angiotensin II-induced hypertension as observed in groups receiving C. sativus at 9, 18, 27, and 36 mg/kg at 30 minutes after induction showed the average change (Δ) of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with respect to time zero were 28.8/18.3, 24.8/15.8, 22.8/15.5, and 11.5/9.0 mmHg, respectively. Whereas the average change (Δ) of SBP and DBP in the rats receiving the combination of half doses of C. sativus and losartan were 8.8/9.0 mmHg, respectively. These diminished effects were better than a full dose of C. sativus and comparable with a full dose of losartan (6.5/7.8 mmHg). Conclusion: The present findings indicate that C. sativus dose-dependently blocks blood pressure elevation induced by angiotensin II. The combination of half dose of C. sativus and losartan has an additive effect in lowering blood pressure.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.333-341
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• 1999

Background and Methods: In order to evaluate characteristics and modulatory factors of blood pressure in peritoneal dialysis(PD), studies were conducted on the 69 patients who had underwent peritoneal equilibration test(PET). Results: The results were as follows; 1) All patients received an antihypertensive drug before PD, but, 15 of 69 patients successfully quit taking the antihypertensive drug after peritoneal dialysis. 2) During peritoneal dialysis, mean arterial pressure(MAP) was significantly decreased for the first 3 months, and this lasted for 1 year, and antihypertensive drug requirements were significantly decreased continuously up to 9 months(p<0.05). 3) After changing the modality from hemodialysis to peritoneal dialysis, MAP(mmHg, from $107.0{\pm}4.5$ to $98.6{\pm}8.8$, p<0.05), antihypertensive drug requirements(from $5.6{\pm}2.6$, to $2.0{\pm}2.5$, p<0.01) and erythropoietin dosages(Uint/week, from $4600{\pm}2660$ to $2000{\pm}1630$, p<0.05) were decreased. 4) Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that MAP(p<0.01) and daily ultrafiltration volume(p<0.05) can contribute to the determination of antihypertensive drug requirements. However the relationship between antihypertensive drug requirements and PET results or dialysis adequacy indices(weekly Kt/V, weekly creatinine clearance) was not revealed. Conclusion: In conclusion, the prescription of antihypertensive drugs should be considered according to daily ultrafiltration volume, especially during first year after initiating PD, and follow-ups for over a year may be needed.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 1978

It has been suggested that plasma renin activity (PRA) and its response to volume depletion may be abnormal in that it shows little or exaggerated change in patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension. Intravenous furosemide stimulation test was performed in 46 control subjects and 51 patients with chronic renal failure and/or malignant hypertension in order to evaluate PRA response. In contrast to the consistent increase in PRA in control subjects (from $2.5{\pm}1.95\;to\;4.5{\pm}2.51ng/ml/hr$), no consistent increase was observed in patients with chronic renal failure, especially in those who showed favorable response to antihypertensive therapy (from $2.5{\pm}2.21\;to\;2.9{\pm}2.46ng/ml/hr$). But poor responder to antihypertensive treatment showed considerably higher PRA before and after furosemide stimulation (from $4.9{\pm}1.96\;to\;6.4{\pm}1.71ng/ml/hr$) than the responder group did. Moreover, this group seemed to retain the ability to increase PRA in response to intravenous furosemide stimulation. Thus it became apparent that responder group was unable to increase PRA normally in response to furosemide as well as volume depletion, while poor responder seemed to retain that ability. Thus intravenous furosemode may serve as a convenient way to differenfiate those who might be benefited by conservative antihypertensive measures from those who would require more drastic measures such as bilateral nephrectomy for their optimal blood pressure control.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.206-209
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• 2010

To produce bioactive compound enriched yeast using medicinal Gugiga (Lycium chinensis Mill), several edible Saccharomyces species were cultured in Gugija extracts added yeast extract, peptone and dextrose medium (GE - YEPD medium) at $30^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr, and their growth were determined. Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K-7 and Sacchromyces cerevisiae ACTC 7904 were better than those of the other yeasts. Two yeasts were selected and then determined their some physiological functionalities after cultivated the yeasts in the GE - YEPD medium and compared those grown on YEPD medium. Antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of S. cerevisiae K-7 grown on GE - YEPD medium was about 20% higher than that grown on YEPD medium. Superoxide dismutase-like activity of S. cerevisiae ACTC 7904 was also about 12% more high. However, the other physiological functionalities were almost same or lower. Optimal addition concentration of Gugija extract was 10%, and maximally growth and ACE inhibitory activity of S. cerevisiae K-7 were shown when the strain was cultured in 10% Gugija extracts containing YEPD medium at $30^{\circ}C$ for 12 hr.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.55-57
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• 1981

Six medicinal plants described in Dong-Ee-Bo-Gam as to be useful for hypertension treatment were evaluated their antihypertensive activity against Okamoto-SHR, an animal model of spontaneous hypertension. Ethanol extracts of plant samples were prepared and were p.o. administered once daily for 20 days. Average blood pressures of rats were measured during two weeks periods before drug administration. Then blood pressure of each rat was measured every three days during drug administration period. As a positive control, propranolol, ${\beta}-blocker$ was used and the blood pressures of test group rats were compared with those of negative and positive control group rats. Among 6 plant extracts, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum and Atractylodes japonica (alba) extracts appeared to exhibit antihypertensive activity.