• Title/Summary/Keyword: Antibacterial Susceptibility

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Antibacterial Characteristics of PVA/PAA Hydrogel Film using Cefotaxime (Cefotaxime을 이용한 PVA/PAA 하이드로 겔 필름의 항균 특성)

  • Yeom, SeokJae;Jung, Sundo;Oh, Eunha
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.47 no.1
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 2021
  • Objectives: Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat several bacterial infections. Specifically, it is used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. It is given by injection into either a vein or muscle. Antibacterial polymers prepared by chemical bonding and simple blending of antibacterials into polymers has attracted much interest because of their long-lasting antibacterial activity. This study attempted to review the possibility of hydrogel films as functional antibacterial materials by antimicrobial activity. Methods: In this study, CTX-PAA was synthesized by the chemical reaction of polyacrylic acid with cefotaxime by N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) method. Synthetic antibacterial hydrogel films were then prepared with PVA and CTX-PAA for functional application. Results: The increase in the cefotaxime content of the hydrogel films showed a similar decrease in tensile strength and elongation. The values of films impregnated with chemically bonded cefotaxime showed no significant difference. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli using a standardized disc test. Conclusion: The synthetic antibacterial hydrogel films exhibited broad susceptibility against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Notably, the antibacterial effect of antibacterial hydrogel films against Grampositive (Streptococcus pneumoniae) was superior to that against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli).

Use of a Sensitive Chemiluminescence-Based Assay to Evaluate the Metabolic Suppression Activity of Linezolid on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Showing Reduced Susceptibility to Vancomycin

  • Komatsu, Mitsutakal;Tajima, Yutaka;Ito, Teruyo;Yamashiro, Yuichiro;Hiramatsu, Keiichi
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.19 no.7
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    • pp.734-741
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    • 2009
  • Recently, strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (VCM) have been clinically isolated. The antibacterial activity of a new drug, linezolid (LZD), in such a strain was evaluated by measuring bacterial metabolic activity. A total of 73 MRSA strains having various susceptibilities to VCM were subjected to a novel and highly sensitive chemiluminescence-based assay. LZD MIC in the tested strains, measured by the microbroth dilution method, was within the range 1-4 mg/l (mostly ${\leq}2$mg/l), except for one LZD-resistant strain (NRS127; MIC=7 mg/l), and showed no correlation with VCM resistance. The chemiluminescence assay demonstrated that bacterial metabolic activity was strongly suppressed with increasing LZD concentration. The chemiluminescence intensity curve had a low baseline activity without tailing in most strains. The present results suggest that LZD has strong antibacterial activity against MRSA strains, and would be effective for treatment of infections that are poorly responsive to VCM. The chemiluminescence assay facilitated sensitive and discriminative susceptibility testing within a relatively short time.

Antibiotics Effect of Synthetic Polyacrylic Acid Containing Sulfamethazine (Sulfamethazine에 의한 폴리아크릴산의 항균 효과)

  • Yoon, Cheol-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.180-185
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    • 2001
  • Antibiotics polymer prepared by chemical bonding and simple blending of antibacterial into polymers have attracted much interest because of their long-lasting and antibacterial activity. Antibiotics polymer can significantly reduce losses associated with dissolution, photolytic decomposition and volatillization. Further more, increased efficiency safety and selectivity are additional benefits which may be realized. In this study, Antibiotics polymer was synthesized by chemical reaction of polyacrylic acid with sulfamethazine by N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC) method. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined against Streptococcus pyrogenes[gram(+)] and Esherichia coli.[gram(-)] using a standardized disc test. As a result, the synthetic antibiotics polymer exhibited the broad susceptibilty against Streptococcus pyrogenes and Esherichia coli. Especially, the antibiotic effect of antibacterial polymer against Gram negative(Esherichia coli) was much stronger than that against Gram positive(Streptococcus pyrogenes).

Drug susceptibility of bacteria and M pachydermatis isolated from canine external ear canals (개 외이도에서 분리한 세균 및 M pachydermatis의 약제감수성에 대하여)

  • Kim, Ki-hyang;Choi, Won-phil;Yeo, Sang-geon
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.560-565
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    • 1999
  • The present work was conducted to investigate the drug susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from canine external ear canals. Antifungal susceptibility test of M pachydermatis (17 strains) was perfomed by agar dilution method, using 11 antifungal drugs including amphotericin B(A), nystatin(N), pimaricin(P), griseofulvin(G), bifonazole(B), clotrimazole(C), miconazole(M), econazole(E), ketoconazole(K), tolnaftate(T), 5-fluorocytosine(F). All isolates were highly sensitive to K, M, T(geometric mean MIC ; GM $MIC{\leq}0.16{\mu}g/ml$) but they weren't sensitive to P, F and G(GM $MIC{\geq}92.37{\mu}g/ml{\sim}{\geq}128{\mu}g/ml$). Antibacterial susceptibility test against 119 isolates of bacteria was performed by agar dilution method, using 9 antibacterial drugs including erythromycin(ET), chloramphenicol(CP), gentamycin(G), vancomycin(V), ampicillin(AP), amoxacillin(AX), chlortetracycline(CT), ciprofloxacin(CF), enrofloxacin(EF). All isolates of Staphylococcus spp(101 strains) were highly sensitive to EF, CF, G(GM MIC $0.33{\sim}1.47{\mu}g/ml$). In other gram positive cocci(4 strains), they were highly sensitive to EF, CF, V(GM MIC $1{\sim}4.76{\mu}g/ml$) and CT(GM MIC 1 UFL unit/ml). In gram positive rods(13 strains), they were highly sensitive to EF, CF, G(GM $MIC{\leq}0.19{\sim}1{\mu}g/ml$). In Pseudomonas aeruginosa(1 strain), it was highly sensitive to AX, EF, ET, CF(GM MIC $0.06{\sim}1{\mu}g/ml$) and CT(GM MIC 1 UFL unit/ml). All isolates weren't sensitive to AP(GM MIC 16~>$32{\mu}g/ml$).

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Influence of the N- and C-Terminal Regions of Antimicrobial Peptide Pleurocidin on Antibacterial Activity

  • Cho, Jaeyong;Choi, Hyemin;Lee, Dong Gun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.22 no.10
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    • pp.1367-1374
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    • 2012
  • Pleurocidin, a 25-mer antimicrobial peptide, has been known to exhibit potent antibacterial activity. To investigate the functional roles in N- and C-terminal regions of pleurocidin on the antibacterial activity, we designed four truncated analogs. The antibacterial susceptibility testing showed that pleurocidin and its analogs exerted antibacterial effect against various bacterial strains and further possessed specific activity patterns corresponding with their hydrophobic scale [pleurocidin > Anal 3 (1-22) > Anal 1 (4-25) > Anal 4 (1-19) > Anal 2 (7-25)]. Fluorescence experiments using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and 3,3'-dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide [$diSC_3(5)$] indicated that the differences in antibacterial activity of the peptides were caused by its membrane-active mechanisms including membrane disruption and depolarization. Blue shift in tryptophan fluorescence demonstrated that the decrease in net hydrophobicity attenuates the binding affinity of pleurocidin to interact with plasma membrane. Therefore, the present study suggests that hydrophobicity in the N- and C-terminal regions of pleurocidin plays a key role in its antibacterial activity.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Polyacrylic Acid (PAA)-Sulfacetamide (Polyacrylic acid(PAA)-Sulfacetamide 의 합성과 항균성)

  • 김종완;김용렬;이우윤
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.106-111
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    • 2001
  • Recently there were many studies not only to enhance drug delevery effect but to reduce side effect. Drug delivery system efficiency with decreasing side effect of drug dosage. It made possibility to use for a long term. Polymer drug was prepared by acid halide method with polymer in such of polyacylic acid and sulfacetamide. Its chemical properties were identified by means of IR, TGA. The antibacterial activities of polymer drug were studied by MICs and disk susceptivility test. The antibacterial activities by clean zone were increased in order of Staphyloccus aures

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Antibacterial Activity of Antimycotic Miconazole against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

  • LEE, SANG-HWA;CHANG-JIN KIM
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.572-575
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    • 1999
  • Miconazole was estimated to have a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.78 ㎍/㎖ against the methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The antibacterial activity of miconazole against MRSA was bacteriostatic in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth, but bacteriocidal in saline solution. The anti-MRSA activity of miconazole did not show a significant change under the susceptibility-testing conditions such as various inoculum sizes, pHs, or cations (Ca/sup ++/ or Mg/sup ++/) which was added to the medium. However, the anti-MRSA activity of miconazole was completely suppressed by lipophilic a-tocopherol (50 ㎍/㎖), but definitely not by water-soluble ascorbic acid.

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Rhodomine B dye removal and inhibitory effect on B. subtilis and S. aureus by WOx nanoparticles

  • Ying, Yuet Lee;Pung, Swee Yong;Ong, Ming Thong;Pung, Yuh Fen
    • Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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    • v.67
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    • pp.437-447
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    • 2018
  • Visible-light-driven wide bandgap semiconductor photocatalysts were commonly developed via doping or coupling with another narrow bandgap metal oxide. However, these approaches required extra processing. The aim of study was to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of narrow bandgap $WO_x$ nanoparticles. A mixture of $WO_2$ and $WO_3$ nanoparticles were synthesized using solution precipitation technique. The photodegradation of RhB by these nanoparticles more effective in UV light than in visible light. In antibacterial susceptibility assay, $WO_x$ nanoparticles demonstrated good antibacterial against Gram-positive bacteria. The cell wall of bacterial was the main determinant in antibacterial effect other than $W^{4+}/W^{6+}$ ions and ROS.

Identification of Bacterial Strains Adhered to Dog Hair and Antibacterial Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Gorgi (애완견의 털에 부착되어 있는 세균의 분리 및 황금의 살균효과)

  • Cho In-Kyung;Han Hyo-Shim
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.198-206
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    • 2005
  • This study was carried out to identify bacterial strains adhered to domestic pet dog hair and to identify antibacterial extracts from natural compounds. A total of 76 strains were isolated from dog hair. The most common species isolated was Staphylococcus spp. (41 isolates), followed by Micrococcus spp. (21 isolates), Enterococcus spp. (8 isolates), Bacillus sup. (3 isolates), Exiguobacterium sup. (2 isolates), Shigella spp. (1 isolate) and Zoogloea spp. (1 isolate). These results suggested that dog hair could be a source of bacterial contamination to human. The susceptibility of isolates to antibiotics and antibacterial activities of the natural compounds were examined by disk diffusion method. Water and ethanol extract from Scutellaria baicalensis revealed high antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Enterococcus and Shigella. Our results suggest that the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis can be used a antibacterial agent against the antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.

Anti-Bacterial Effects of Basil Oil on Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Streptococcus mutans와 Porphyromonas gingivalis에 대한 Basil Oil의 항균효과)

  • Yoon, Hyunseo;Park, Chungmu
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.131-139
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    • 2018
  • Purpose : The study objective was to assess the antibacterial activity of essential oil of basil against S. mutans and P. gingivalis and to explore its potential to prevent dental caries and peridontal disease. Method : Essential oil of basil, extracted using steam distillation, was diluted with triple distilled water and Tween 20 to generate samples at various concentration, that is 30%, 50%, and 70% (v/v). Strains of S. mutans and P. gingivalis were incubated in the medium under anaerobic condition. Broth microdilution susceptibility testing and plate incubation diffusion were utilized to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and to measure antibacterial activity, respectively. Result : An upsurge in antibacterial activity was seen to correlate with and increase in the concentration used for both bacterial strains, but was more significant with S. mutans. A statistically significant growth inhibition effect and reduction in the number of colonies was also observed with both strains dependent on the concentration used following 24 hours of incubation. Conclusion : Thus, the current study finding was that essential oil of basil was effective against dental caries and periodontal disease and could be used in dentifrice to help prevent oral disease.