• Title/Summary/Keyword: Anterior oblique ligament

Search Result 12, Processing Time 0.014 seconds

Comparing Dynamic Control Ratio and Lower Extremity Muscle Activity during Eccentric Hamstring Exercises

  • Dae-Woo Jeong;Du-Jin Park
    • PNF and Movement
    • /
    • v.21 no.3
    • /
    • pp.291-298
    • /
    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study aimed to suggest an effective exercise for treating anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and hamstring injuries based on the dynamic control ratio (DCR) for the hamstring and quadriceps during eccentric hamstring exercises. Methods: Twenty-four healthy participants participated in this study. The participants performed three eccentric hamstring exercises, including the Nordic exercise, the supine leg curl, and single-leg deadlifts. During the eccentric hamstring exercises, the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus (ST) were measured using surface electromyography. Results: The DCR was significantly lower during the supine leg curl and single-leg deadlift than during the Nordic exercise (p < 0.05). The activity of the VMO and VL was significantly greater during the supine leg curl than during the Nordic exercise and the single-leg deadlift (p < 0.05). VL activity was significantly higher during the single-leg deadlift than during the Nordic exercise (p < 0.05). ST activity was significantly higher during the supine leg curl and Nordic exercise than during the single-leg deadlift (p < 0.05). BF activity was significantly higher during the supine leg curl than during the Nordic exercise and single-leg deadlift (p < 0.05). Finally, the BF showed significantly higher activity during the Nordic exercise compared to during the single-leg deadlift (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the DCR ratio and quadriceps activity, the supine leg curl should be introduced early in rehabilitation for ACL injuries.

Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Techniques, and Clinical Outcome (슬관절 전외측인대의 해부학, 생역학, 수술법 및 임상적 결과)

  • Kim, Seong Hwan;Lee, Tae-Hyub;Park, Yong-Beom
    • Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
    • /
    • v.55 no.4
    • /
    • pp.281-293
    • /
    • 2020
  • An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most frequent surgical procedures in the knee joint, but despite the better understanding of anatomy and biomechanics, surgical reconstruction procedures still fail to restore rotational stability in 7%-16% of patients. Hence, many studies have attempted to identify the factors for rotational laxity, including the anterolateral ligament (ALL), but still showed controversies. Descriptions of the ALL anatomy are also confused by overlapping nomenclature, but it is usually known as a distinctive fiber running in an anteroinferior and oblique direction from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the proximal anterolateral tibia, between the fibular head and Gerdy's tubercle. The importance of the ALL as a secondary restraint in the knee has been emphasized for successful ACL reconstructions that can restore rotational stability, but there is still some controversy. Some studies reported that the ALL could be a restraint to the tibial rotation, but not to anterior tibial translation. On the other hand, some studies reported that the role of ALL in rotational stability would be limited as a secondary structure because it bears loads only beyond normal biomechanical motion. The diagnosis of an ALL injury can be performed by a physical examination, radiology examination, and magnetic resonance imaging, but it should be assessed using a multimodal approach. Recently, ALL was considered one of the anterolateral complex structures, as well as the Kaplan fiber in the iliotibial band. Many studies have introduced many indications and treatment options, but there is still some debate. The treatment methods are introduced mainly as ALL reconstructions or lateral extra-articular tenodesis, which can achieve additional benefit to the knee stability. Further studies will be needed on the indications and proper surgical methods of ALL treatment.