• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.162-164
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• 2000

Malignant transformation of teratoma in the anterior mediastinum is rare; the mass usually has a long history and is seen in older patients. We report a case of teratoma with malignant transformation in the anterior mediastinum, complicated by rupture. CT revealed a lobulated, inhomogeneous cystic mass with a fat component and wall calcifications. The lateral wall was disrupted and consolidation in the adjacent left upper lobe was noted, suggesting rupture. A heterogeneously enhanced solid portion, obliterating the fat plane between the mass and the great vessels was present in the medial aspect of the mass, and pathologic examination demonstrated the presence of adenocarcinoma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.198-202
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• 1998

The recurrence of an anterior mediastinal mass was discovered incidentally on the chest film for an asymptomatic 72-year-old female. She underwent the mass resection at the same site in 1989 and was diagnosed as a paraganglioma of the anterior mediastinum. She had poorly controlled hypertension which was converted into normal blood pressure after the first operation. During the follow up, the catecholamine levels were within normal limits, and there were no evidence of recurrence of the tumor. However, 6.3 years later, the mass recurred at the same anterior mediastinum. The patient had no hypertension and catecholamine levels were still within normal limits. The recurring mass was successfully removed and had the same histological findings - recurring paraganglioma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.497-504
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• 1984

The malignant germ cell tumor found in the gonad can originate in the anterior mediastinum. Endodermal sinus tumor[Yolk sac tumor] is a kind of malignant germ cell tumor and is derived from extra-embryonic mesoderm. We experienced a case of primary mediastinal endodermal sinus tumor occurred in 22 year old male patient. His chief complaint was anterior chest pain for 2 days. The tumor located in the anterior mediastinum and invaded upper lobe of the deft lung and pericardium. A left upper lobe resection including phrenic nerve and pericardium was performed and the tumor in the anterior mediastinum was excised. The patient has been treated with combination chemotherapy[Cis-platinum, Vincristine, Actinomycin-D, & Cyclophosphamide} and followed up for 4 months with partial remission.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.413-416
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• 1993

Extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of soft tissue, and its predilection sites are the extremity, retroperitoneum, trunk, and the head and neck area. To our knowledge 5 cases of primary involvement of the mediastinum have been reported. Because of its rarity and difficulty in exact diagnosis preoperatively, we report an extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma in the anterior mediastinum. The patient was a thirty eight old male. He complained of cough and sputum over 2 months. The chest roentgenogram and the chest MRI[magnetic resonance image] were done and showed anterior mediastinal mass with calcification. Excision of the mass was done under the preoperative impression of thymoma, and the pathologic report was extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma of the mediastinum.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.299-304
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• 1984

Tumors of the mediastinum are usually classified according to their location in the anterior, middle, or posterior mediastinum. Mediastinal teratomas are characteristically located at anterior mediastinum with only rare incidence in the posterior mediastinum. Two cases of posterior mediastinal teratoma were experienced recently, in the department of thoracic surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. The incidence of posterior mediastinal teratoma was 4.2% among 48 mediastinal teratomas in our experience. Two cases are all benign teratoma located at right posterior costophrenic angle, and histologically showed tissues from three germ layers including bone and fat.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.108-111
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• 1978

The cavernous hemangioma often occur on the skin and mucosal surfaces of the body, but are also found in many viscera, particularly the liver, spleen, pancreas and occasionally in the brain. But it is rarely encountered in the mediastinum, but when found occur predominantly in the anterior mediastinum. It can occur in any age and have no characteristic symptoms or roentgenographic findings including angiocardiography. Inspite of its histologic benignancy, it may be locally invasive and can result in rib erosion or adjacent structural compression. Usually, surgical exploration is not only the sole means of assuring a diagnosis and the only treatment. Recently, we experienced one case of cavernous hemangioma in the anterior mediastinum, which was removed surgically, being proved to be cavernous hemangioma on histologic examination. Related literatures were reviewed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.419-422
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• 2018

Hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor with involvement of the liver, brain, long bones, and lung. Among the 6 histological subtypes, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is the most aggressive. Its occurrence in the mediastinum is quite rare, and very few cases have been documented. The reported cases in the literature have described difficulties in the preoperative diagnosis due to the unusual histological appearance of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry remains the mainstay for a definitive diagnosis. Due to its low incidence, there is no standard treatment for mediastinal EHE, but curative resection is the preferred treatment option where possible, with chemotherapy used as an adjuvant treatment or in cases of widespread inoperable disease. The present case study describes an aggressive EHE occurring in an 18-year-old woman in the anterior mediastinum.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.267-268
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• 2012

Thymoma is a common anterior mediastinal mass, although thymomas have occasionally been found in the neck, pulmonary hillus, or posterior mediastinum. But a thymoma within the middle mediastinum has rarely been reported. We report a thymoma arising in the middle mediastinum with a review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.318-320
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• 2011

Calcifying fibrous pseudotumors are rare soft-tissue lesions pathologically characterized by hyalinized collagen, psam-momatous or dystrophic calcification, and lympho-plasmacyte infiltration. They are clinically benign with an extremely low rate of recurrence and complete surgical resection is known to be the treatment of choice. We performed the resection of a calcifying fibrous pseudotumors in the anterior mediastinum without complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 1991

A case of nonfunctioning paraganglioma of the anterior mediastinum in a 64-year-old woman is presented. The tumor was adherent to the pericardium and parietal pleura but not to the phrenic nerve. Complete excision of the tumor is the treatment of choice, but partial excision may provide long-term survival. A new classification and terminology suggested by Glenner and Grimley is emphasized. This aorticopulmonary paraganglioma is the first case in the Korea.