• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

GIS사업은 초기 막대한 구축비용과 사업완료이후에도 유지관리비용이 지속적으로 소요되기 때문에 그 타당성이 가시적으로 나타나지 않으면 사업 추진이 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구는 GIS사업의 비용편익분석을 통해서 GIS사업 이전이나 중간단계에 정책결정자들에게 GIS의 효용성을 입증하기 위한 평가모형을 개발하고 평가절차 평가지침 평가방안 비용과 편익항목을 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 우선적으로 기존의 국내외 연구사례를 분석하여 분석기법으로 비용편익분석(Cost-Benefit Analysis)을 이용하였다. GIS사업에 적합한 비용과 편익항목을 위한 연구를 통하여 제안한 비용분석은 하드웨어, 소프트웨어, 데이터베이스, 인건비, 운영경비의 다섯 항목으로 편익분석은 직접편익, 간접편익, 정보판매에 의한 편익과 무형의 편익으로 구분하였으며 GIS의 비용과 편익은 각각 초기 구축비용과 유지관리비용으로 나누어 산정하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2009

This paper presents the procedure for the optimal design of a PSC-I girder bridge considering life cycle cost (LCC). The load carrying capacity curves for the concrete deck, PSC-I girder and $\pi$-type pier were derived and used for the estimate of service lives. Total life cycle cost for the service life was calculated as sum of initial cost, damage cost, maintenance cost, repair and rehabilitation cost, user cost, and disposal cost. The advanced First Order Second Moment method was used to estimate the damage cost. The optimization method was applied to the design of PSC-I girder bridge. The objective function was set to the annual cost, which is defined by dividing the total life cycle cost by the service life, and constraints were formulated on the basis of Korean Standards. The optimal design was performed for various service lives and the effects of design factors were investigated.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2011

Building deterioration would be proceeded by various causes such as physical, social, economic degradation. The deterioration would be inevitably prevented or delayed to get the decent function and performance in various building part and components. The maintenance and management are continued to provide the decent living condition for the household. The maintenance means mainly a repair, including the on-time and longterm plan. The longterm repair would be conducted by the systemic preparation in management activity and a required cost. Therefore, the annual due for the longterm repair plan is important to prepare the repair cost in a required time. In this paper, it aimed at analyzing the longterm repair cost and modelling to forecast the required cost in total area, number of household and time elapse in apartment housing. The estimation model of a repair cost is used with a power function which has a good statistics. Results of this study are shown that the sample has a longterm repair due in a $2,032won/m^2{\cdot}yr$ averagely which is higher than $912won/m^2{\cdot}yr$ in domestic. Second, the longterm repair due is proportionally correlated with the time elapse in both a total area and the number of household. Third, the estimation model for the longterm repair amount is suitable for the power function which is most in any other estimation models. Fourth, the ration of the longterm plan repair due a year to the cumulated longterm amount is about 26%.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.868-877
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• 2001

This study is to present the typical energy consumption criteria and $CO_2$ exhaust rate in multi-family housing complex by analyzing the energy consumption characteristics. The contents and methodology of this study are as follows; -Examining the documents of maintenance accounts, investigate the cost and its items expended by the annual maintenance in multi-family housing complex. -Survey each consumption of energy sources, maintenance area, location of multi-family housing complex, heating type, and so forth. -After classifying with heating type of multi-family housing complex investigated, Scrutinize the energy consumption by each source. -Analyze the characteristics of energy consumption and $CO_2$ exhaust through multiple regression analyses of maintenance property. -Suggest the typical energy consumption criteria (Mcal/$m^2$.year, Mcal/house.year) and $CO_2$ exhaust rate (kg-c/$m^2$.year, Kg-c/house.year) in multi-family housing complex. the results will come into basic data for estimating energy consumption in multi-family housing complex according to maintenance characteristics.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.1046-1052
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• 2010

In residential house, photovoltaic (PV) system among various alternatives in renewable energy system is the most efficient and feasible solution for reducing energy consumption and electricity cost. However, relatively high initial cost make people reluctant to install PV system in their houses. Therefore, in the initial state for PV system installation in the house, it is very important to decide proper capacity of the PV system considering the expected energy usage and solar energy supplying condition with the house. This paper proposes a novel optimization model for deciding appropriate capacity of the PV system for residential house. The objective function of the model is to minimize the annual cost including electricity bill, operation and maintenance cost, and annual fixed cost calculated from the initial installation cost based on capital recovery factor (CRF). The model also shows the optimal inclining angle of PV panels of the system. In this paper, we estimate the PV output using PVWATTS (PV simulator of Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy) and find optimal solutions by Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) method using MATLAB software. The proposed approach is finally applied to a residential model house in Gangneung, Gangwon-Do and verified its feasibility for adopting to PV system design for residential houses.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1994

To analyze the states of operation of radiotherapy facilities in the period from 1979 to 1992 and to get the base for efficient operation and maintenance of the radiotherapy facilities. Data on the records of annual number of patients operated by each facility; span of suspension of operation, the cost and span of repairing, and parts of oui-of-order in the period from 1979 to 1992 were analyzed. We made a comparative analysis of average annual number of patients, annual span of the suspension of operation, annual cost ratio of repair, span of repairing per break down, and total number of broken parts. We could get following annual number of patients(day), span of the suspension of span ($\%$)(day). annual cost ratio fo repair($\%$), span of repairing per break down(Min-Max, day), and number of broken parts from this analysis. 1. Cobalt unit (Picker C-9) : 10,389(43), 0.4(0.83) 0.07, 1hr-2, 3 2. Linac(Clinac 6/100) : 11,492(50), 4.0(9.57), 0.98, 1hr-30, 12 3. Linac(Clinac 18) : 9.115(44), 12.7(30.5), 3.54, 1hr-108. 41 4. Simulator(Picker Ther-X) : 2,017(9), 0.51(1.3), 0.24, 1hr-2, 7 5. RTP(Capentec Cap-plan) : 528(2), 0.4(0.93), - hrs, - The conclusion obtained from statistical analysis above are as follows. 1. The rate of operation of Cobalt unit($99.6\%$) was higher that of Linear Accelerators ($87.3\%$). The rates operation of Simulator and RTP computer were very close to that of Cobalt unit. 2. In order to raise up the working ratio of accelerator. it is desirable that we keep our engineer to learn a sufficient technical skill and the equipment agent to stock sufficient spare parts. 3. In order to maintain Linear Accelerator efficiently, it is desirable to have annually $2.3\%$ of the purchase price of equiment for repairing.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.470-475
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• 2007

The present study has been conducted economic analysis through actual operation of electric heat pump (EHP) and gas engine driven heat pump (GHP) which are installed at the same building in the university. Cost items, such as initial cost, annual energy cost and maintenance cost of each system are considered to analyze life cycle cost (LCC) and economical efficiencies are compared. The initial cost is considered on the basis of actual cost, and annual energy cost is converted into the cost after measuring electricity and gas consumption a day LCC applied present value method is used to assess economical profit of both of them. Variables used to LCC analysis are electricity cost escalation rate, natural gas cost escalation rate, interest rate, and service lives when each of them are 4%, 2%, 8%, and 20 years. The result shows that EHP (148,257,306 won) is more profitable than GHP (161,239,296 won) by 8.05% (12,981,990 won).

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 1994년도 학술발표대회논문집 상
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• pp.37-44
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• 1994

The purpose of this research is to present necessity of manament system establishment and policy direction for fundmental data, understanding management reality and problem, comparing resident's management attitude to related variables in apartment and raw houses multi-family houses. The major finding were as follows : 1) The management attitude of Apartment inhabitant is very highm especially the attitude of maintenance management is the higest. But they disagree with the raise of management cost necessary to maintenance management. 2) The management attitude of Raw multi-family houses inhbitant is especially high, the maintenance management demand for safety and community-life contol attitude, resident's mutual cooperation is especially high, they think much of autonomy management, desire to achieve under more sysemnatic plan.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.339-346
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• 2004

This paper presents a method to minimize Life-Cycle Cost(LCC) of steel box girders. The LCC function considered in this paper includes initial cost, expected life-cycle maintenance cost and repair cost. A resistance force curve is derived from a condition grade curve of steel girders and optimal design of steel box girders is performed on the basis of derived resistance force curve. Also, in this paper annual costs of various case in LCC are compared and analyzed. It is concluded that the optimal design of steel box girders considering LCC by a presented method will lead to more economical and safer girders than conventional design.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.64-75
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• 2013

실내촉진실험과 동시에 현장폭로실험을 병행하였기 때문에 연차별 실험계획에 따라 최근 5년차의 현장실험체 분석을 수행하고 모델을 업그레이드하는 과정에서 모델 검증을 위해 준공된 지 30년 가량된 방조제의 배수갑문콘크리트의 염화물 침투프로파일을 분석하였다. Zhang의 연구결과에서 언급된 표면에 가까운 콘크리트내부 염화물 농도를 기본모델의 표면염화물농도 대신으로 적용하였다. 장기간 노출되는 실험체의 염화물 측정자료 분석에서 확산계수의 변화분석을 통하여 Maage의 제안식을 기본모델에 적용하였다. 이렇게 보완된 수정모델을 통하여 예측된 자료와 현장자료를 비교하고, 임계시점, 즉 보수시점을 도출함으로서 본 연구의 제안모델과 유지보수 시스템이 간만대 염화물 침투프로파일 추정과 적정보수 시점 및 비용 예측에 사용될 수 있음을 보였다.