• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2004

Contamination level and characteristics of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil of greenhouses cultivating tomato plants in Chungbuk province was determined. R. solanacearum was isolated with the semiselective media in 27 greenhouse soil samples out of 133 greenhouses soil investigated, which indicates 20.3 ％ of tomato cultivating greenhouses in Chungbuk contaminated with the bacterial wilt pathogen. Density of R. solanacearum was estimated to 10$^{2.4}$ cfu/g in the contaminated soil. All 71 isolates of R. solanacearum which containing 12 isolates from the diseased tomato plants were race 1, ann 35 isolates of them were biovar 3 and 36 isolates were biovar 4. More than 88％ of 71 isolates were inhibited growth on nutrient agar containing oxolinic acid 0.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, streptomycin 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, tetracycline 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and cupric sulfate 375 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml (1.5 mM). The 11.3％, 4.2％ and 5.6 ％ of the isolates can grow on nutrient agar containing 10 times more oxolinic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline than minimal inhibitory concentration of the sensitive strains. Five isolates were resistant to 2 bactericides and one isolates was resistant to all 3 bactericides.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.51-61
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• 2002

In this dissertation, We demonstrated the Travel Time forecasting model in the freeway of multi-section with regard of drives' attitude. Recently, the forecasted travel time that is furnished based on expected travel time data and advanced experiment isn't being able to reflect the time-lag phenomenon specially in case of long distance trip, so drivers don't believe any more forecasted travel time. And that's why the effects of ATIS(Advanced Traveler Information System) are reduced. Therefore, in this dissertation to forecast the travel time of the freeway of multi-section reflecting the time-lag phenomenon & the delay of tollgate, we used traffic volume data & TCS data that are collected by Korea Highway Cooperation. Also keep the data of mixed unusual to applicate real system. The applied model for forecasting is consisted of feed-forward structure which has three input units & two output units and the back-propagation is utilized as studying method. Furthermore, the optimal alternative was chosen through the twelve alternative ideas which is composed of the unit number of hidden-layer & repeating number which affect studying speed & forecasting capability. In order to compare the forecasting capability of developed ANN model. the algorithm which are currently used as an information source for freeway travel time. During the comparison with reference model, MSE, MARE, MAE & T-test were executed, as the result, the model which utilized the artificial neural network performed more superior forecasting capability among the comparison index. Moreover, the calculated through the particularity of data structure which was used in this experiment.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2015

In this research, the hydrologic effects between a pre-existing urban landuse and low impact development (LID) applied conditions were compared and evaluated. The infiltration trench and tree box filter that were utilized in LID represent only 1% of the catchment area that they drain. Storm event monitoring were conducted from July 2010 to July 2014 on a total of 22 storm events in both LID sites. After LID, hydrological improvement was observed as the sites exhibited a delay (lag time) or reduction in the magnitude, frequency and duration of runoff and flow peaks as the rainfall progress. In addition, the maximum irreducible peak flow reduction for infiltration trench was found to be 61% and 33% for the tree box filter when rainfall was 40 mm and 30 mm, respectively. In designing LID, it is recommended to consider the storage capacity and catchment area, as well as the amount of rainfall and runoff on the site.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.521-528
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic characteristics of the finalists in the women's 100 m event to provide important information to coaches and athletes. Three different biomechanics techniques were applied for analyzing sprinter motion: LAVEG, a panning technique, and 12 video cameras for 3 dimensional analysis of the 40 m - 70 m portion of the race. Carmelita Jeter(USA) performed the maximum speed of 10.54 m/s at the distance of 58.2 m. There was a tendency to show a better performance time with a high number of steps (p=.13) and shorter stride length (p=.14) among the 8 sprints. Furthermore, the stride frequency and the performance time were negatively correlated as a higher stride frequency had a positive impact on the performance time (p=.02). Based on 3 dimensional analysis, the 4 top ranked sprinters used the different strategies to maintain a high COM (Center of Mass) velocity during the mid portion of the race (40 m - 70 m). Carmelita Jeter(USA) showed more flexed knee and hip motion at heel contact (HC) to maintain a high COM velocity while S.A. Fraser-Pryce (JAM) showed more extended knee and hip motion at HC. On the other hands, Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM) and Kelly-Ann Baptiste (TRI) showed a tendency to have high knee lifts during the swing phase to maintain the high COM velocity during the race. These biomechanical analyses of the women's 100 m final event in the 2011 WC, Daegu, will provide important scientific information to coaches and athletes for understanding the sprinting mechanism of today's top-class sprinters.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2006

A survey was conducted of 1,390 citizens of Cheongju city', asking them to select 10 foods that they think are most suitable as local among 89 already- recognized local foods. The data were then analyzed by age, gender, and vocation. The results classified by sex showed that for males, first place was marsh snail soup (282), second, acorn jelly soup (174), third, bean noodle (164), and fourth, three-tiered pork and Haejang soup (158). In females, marsh snail was in first place (520), second, acorn jelly soup (322), third, bean noodle (272), fourth, three-tiered pork (271), and fifth, Haejang soup (262). Combining the results of males and females showed first place was marsh snail soup (802), second, acorn jelly soup (496), third, bean noodle (436), fourth, three-tiered pork (429), fifth, Haejang soup (420), sixth, wild plant mixture rice (323), seventh, Boshin broth (322), and eighth, minced chicken soup (321). The classification by vocation of males and females showed that fewer housewives chose three-tiered pork, while fewer clerks chose less wild plant mixture rice. Instead, housewives and clerks chose more Boshin broth and minced-chicken soup, which other males chose less. However, it is unreasonable to select wild plant mixture rice, bean noodle, or Boshin broth as the favorite local food since these can be eaten or collected only during the summer season.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2010

The 2%, 3% of deer young antler, deer antler, oystershell, crabshell, eggshell were add into the 5%, 10%, 15% solution of glacial acetic acid and vinegar and after incubating it for 4 days at $30^{\circ}C$ respectively, solubility was analyzed. The result shows the difference was minute between glacial acetic acid and vinegar. In the 2% content of deer young antler, solubility was 42~47%, in the 3% content of it, solubility was 41~47%, with the acid concentration becoming higher, solubility increased slightly. In the 2% content of deer antler, solubility was 59~63%, in the 15% content of acid, solubility rather decreased. In the 2% content of oystershell, solubility was 85~96%, in the 3% content, solubility was 95~98%, in the 15% of acid density, it decreased. In the 2% content of crabshell, solubility was 79~88%, in the 3% content, solubility was 81~95%, and in case that acid density was high, solubility increased rather slightly. In the 2% content of eggshell, solubility was 84~96%, in the 3% content, solubility was 84~93%. When young deer antler and deer antler were heated for two hours at $100^{\circ}C$, solubility increased 19~24%, and in the case of crabshell, 10~11% increased. The above result and condition, and the result of pH and acidity don't have much influence on solubility. Thus, the 5% of acidity was enough to melt the 3% of sample. Highest were glacial acetic acid and vinegar in solubility to the various organic acid, and wax gourd vinegar melted the 85% of oystershell, the 78% of crabshell, the 28% of the deer young antler, and in the precipitation was made. Citric acid melted the 57% of deer antler, but it was precipitated with all other samples. Ascorbic acid melted the 92% of eggshell, and did the 37~54% of other samples.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.713-719
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• 2008

Various types of coatings have been developed for use as reinforcement in concrete and to resist chloride environment. The most commonly used coatings are inhibited and sealed cement slurry coating, cement polymer compositing coating and epoxy coating. Cement slurry offers passive protection, epoxy coating offers barrier protection whereas polymer coating offers both passive protection and barrier protection. Moreover, damage during handling of the steel may result in disbondment of the epoxy coating, which would increase the risk of localized corrosion. In the present study, inhibiting technique was used to increase the calcium hydroxide content at the interface up to 20%. Calcium hydroxide provides a high buffering capacity that resists a local fall in pH and thus maintains the alkaline environment necessary to prevent chloride corrosion. This study examines the use of a calcium hydroxide coating on the steel surface to enhance the pH buffering capacity of steel-concrete interface. Finally, the chloride threshold level (CTL) of polymer inhibitive coating calcium hydroxide is evaluated.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.10
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• pp.125-154
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• 2004

Diesel Beitrag befasst sich mil der Sprache in gesellschaftlichen Umbruchssituationen aus der Perspektive einer spezifisch linguistischen Fragestellung. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung steht der Wandel der Sprachverwendung unter den Bedingungen der Demokratisierung der DDR und der Vereinigung mil der BRD seit der Wende 1989/90. Dieser Wandel wird am Beispiel der Lexik, und anhand von Losungen bzw. Demo-Spruchen konkretisiert. Im Zuge der 'Wende' sind $f\"{u}r$ beide Kommunikationsgemeinschaften - $\"{u}berwiegend$ aber $f\"{u}r$ die der neuen $Bundesl\"{a}nder$ - Neologismen in Gebrauch gekommen. Am bekanntesten sind: 'Mauerspecht', 'Wendehals', 'Moniagsdemo' und 'Stasi-Akte' usw. Andererseits wurden im Verlauf der Wende zahireiche Bezeichnungen, insbesondere $f\"{u}r$ $aufgel\"{o}ste$ Institutionen der DDR sowie viele verwaltungsspezifische $W\"{o}lfer$, historisiert. An Textbeispielen der Losungen des Herbstes 1989 werden uns die Dynamik sprachlicher Strukturen auf der einen Seite und die sich verandernden gesellschaftlichen $Verh\"{a}ltnisse$ in der $\"{o}ffentlichen$ Kommunikation der ehemaligen DDR auf der anderen Seite vol Augen gefuhrt. Verglichen mit den zum 1. Mai bekannt gegebenen of nziellen SED-Losungen, sind die Aktanten der Demo-Spruche das Volk, teils als Individuen und teils als spontan gebildete Gruppen. Im Unterschied zu den 'allen' offiziellen Losungen $repr\"{a}sentieren$ die Demo-$Spr\"{u}che$ verschiedenartige Sprechhandlungstypen: Nicht nur AUFFORDERN, APPELLIEREN, BEHAUPTEN, sondern auch FRAGEN, BESCHIMPFEN, DROHEN, $GR\"{U}{\ss}EN$usw. Gleichzeitig $\"{u}bernehmen$ sie viele Textmuster als sprachliche Stilmittel aus fem Bereich anderer Spruch- und Kurztextgattungen, wie zum Beispiel Sprichwort, Kinderreim, Aphorismus, Anspielung und verwenden auch Zitate. Auf diese Weise linden sich in den Wende-Losungen zahlreiche Belege $f\"{u}r$ intertextuelle $Bez\"{u}ge$. So schaffen diese Losungen $schlie{\ss}lich$ eine neue Qualitat des $\"{o}ffentlich-politischen$ Diskurses in der Gesellschaft. Am Rande der Untersuchungen haben wir $f\"{u}r$ das Deutsch in Ost und West festgestellt: $Bem\"{u}hungen$ der $Ann\"{a}herung$ und des sprachlich-kornrnunikativen Ausgleichs findet man seit der Wende 1989/90 eher auf der Seite der Ostdeutschen. Die sprachlichen Differenzierungen zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland waren vornehmlich lexikalischer An. Es ist aber anzunehmen, dass es heute weniger die Sprache selbst ist als vielmehr das unterschiedliche Kommunikationsverhalten zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschen, das die Verstandigung zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschen schwierig zu machen scheint.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.633-640
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• 2012

White light and compound light were found to be the ideal light sources for improving the functionality and ornamental value of indoor plants and reducing the cost of maintenance, but because compound light hinders people from recognizing the original color of plants and makes their eyes easily tired, white light was considered the optimal light satisfying all of the ornamental value, economic efficiency and functionality resulting from plant growth. On the other hand, in the results of examining physiological changes before and after treatment on fine dust PM10 and carbon dioxide removal capacity in a closed chamber under an artificial light source, the patterns of carbon dioxide and fine dust removal were similar among the treatment groups according to light condition, but according to plant type, the removal rate per unit leaf area was highest in $Spathiphyllum$ and lowest in $Dieffenbachia$. In the experiment on dust and carbon dioxide removal, the photosynthetic rate was over 2 times higher after the treatment, and the rate increased particularly markedly under compound light and white light, suggesting that the photosynthetic rate of plants increases differently according to light quality. These results show that light quality has a significant effect on the photosynthetic rate of plants, and suggests that plants with a high photosynthetic rate also have a high carbon dioxide and dust removal capacity. In conclusion, the photosynthetic rate of foliage plants increased under white and blue light that affect photosynthesis and the increased photosynthetic rate reduced carbon dioxide and fine dust, and therefore white and compound light were found to be the optimal light sources most functional and economically efficient in improving ornamental value and indoor air quality.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2009

We investigate the dependence of star formation rate and Active Galaxy Nuclei (AGN) frequency on the bar properties, especially the bar strength, using SDSS DR6. To better represent the bar strength, we divided the bars into 6 classes according to their length and axial ratios. There seems to be a fairly good correlation between the star formation rate derived from $H{\alpha}$ emission lines and the bar strength, whereas there is no apparent correlation between the AGN activity and the bar strength. We interpret that the former correlation is due to the dependence of bar-driven gas inflow on the strength of bar. The lack of correlation between AGN and bar properties suggests that the accretion of gas onto a supermassive black hole (SMBH) is regulated by the interplay between the bar and SMBH. The frequency of AGN seems to be dependent on the background density but the star formation rate does not. It suggests that star formation is a localized phenomenon that is mostly determined by the gas density in a galaxy, while AGN activity is more closely related to the host property such as mass and luminosity that are thought to be dependent on the environment through the density-luminosity relation.