• PNF and Movement
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2012

Purpose : This study was conducted to identify the effects of high heel shoes on surface electromyography(EMG) activities fo tibialis anterior(TA), soles(S), and gastrocnemius(G) in 12 healthy women. Methods : Subjects were composed of three group(sports shoes, 5cm heel height shoes, and 9cm heel height shoes). The muscle activity of the TA, G, S in the lower leg were measured using a surface EMG. Results : Results of one way repeated measures ANOVA of the after waling 30minutes standing task duration among the sport shoes, 5cm, and 9cm heel height conditions. The comparison of the muscular activities showed significant differences in the G muscles among the high heel shoes. Conclusion : Wearing high heel shoes for hours will bring inappropriate alignment of the lower limbs and cause postural changes or abnormal sensation and several other problems in the body, resulting in exposure to ankle sprain or fall injuries.

• 재활복지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.225-256
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• 2010

본 연구는 초등학교 지적장애아동의 자세조절 특성을 파악하기 위해 시각, 안뜰감각 그리고 몸감각을 조합하여, 실험 조건에 따라 자세유지를 위하여 어떤 감각을 활용하고 있는지, 부적절한 감각자극에 대해서 통합시스템에서 어떻게 반응하는지, 외부 동요에 대해 신경근육의 자세조절 전략 시 동원되는 근육의 수축 개시시간과 개시순서를 각각 측정하여, 지적장애 아동의 자세조절 특성을 살펴보고, 나아가 초등학교 지적장애아동과 일반아동 간에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 비교분석하여 자세조절능력 향상 프로그램에 적용 시 방향을 제시해주는데 있다. 이를 위하여 성별과 연령을 고려하여 초등학교 지적장애아동 26명과 일반아동 26명의 아동으로부터 자세조절능력을 비교하였다. 그 결과 자세조절과 감각계와의 관계를 파악한 평형점수와 감각활용 분석, 엉덩관절 전략에 의지하는 자세조절 전략, 근수축 개시지연과 근수축 개시순서의 변화 등을 종합해 볼 때 초등학교 지적장애아동의 자세조절의 문제는 운동시스템, 감각시스템, 통합시스템의 자세조절 시스템 전반에 걸친 총체적인 문제로 나타났다. 따라서 초등학교 지적장애아동의 자세조절 문제 해결을 위해서는 운동시스템, 감각시스템, 통합시스템을 포함하는 포괄적 자세조절 훈련 프로그램의 접근이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 자세조절 프로그램을 구성할 때, 다양한 감각을 제공하여 주고, 제공된 감각을 효율적으로 활용할 수 있는 감각훈련과 함께 고위중추에서 입력된 감각들을 정상적인 자세조절 발달에 활용할 수 있도록 훈련 시켜주어야 한다. 적응 반응을 계획하고 조직화하여 의미 있는 활동을 통해 중추신경계의 처리능력을 향상시키는 치료프로그램이 제공되어야 한다. 또한 자세조절을 안정적으로 할 수 있는 안정성 한계를 넓힐 수 있는 신경발달학적 치료와 함께, 근골격계에서 빠른 근수축 반응과 효율적인 근수축 개시순서를 유발 할 수 있도록 고유수용성 운동조절 프로그램, 자세반응 촉진 프로그램과 같은 훈련이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.235-239
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the unstable plate system for the advanced balance ability. 7 male volunteers (age $33.7{\pm}1.2$ years, height $174.7{\pm}3.8cm$, weight $86.0{\pm}3.6kg$, BMI $28.2{\pm}2.0kg/m^2$) performed the partial squat motion on the shape of CAP type(${\cap}$) and BOWL type(${\cup}$) plate system. The range of motion (ROM) and muscle activation were acquired by the motion analysis system and the EMG system. Results of ROMs of the CAP type plate system were shown the widely range of the deviation in the ankle joint on the sagittal plane (sagittal plane - hip joint $10.7^{\circ}$ > $5.4^{\circ}$, knee joint $16.3^{\circ}$ > $6.4^{\circ}$, ankle joint $18.8^{\circ}$ > $6.3^{\circ}$ ; transverse plane - hip joint $3.5^{\circ}$ > $1.8^{\circ}$, knee joint $5.3^{\circ}$ > $3.4^{\circ}$, ankle joint $11.3^{\circ}$ > $5.3^{\circ}$ ; frontal plane - hip joint $0.9^{\circ}$ > $0.5^{\circ}$, knee joint $0.8^{\circ}$ > $0.6^{\circ}$, ankle joint $4.8^{\circ}$ > $3.7^{\circ}$). Muscle activation results of the CAP type plate system were indicated higher in major muscles for balance performance than the BOWL type plate system (vastus lateralis 0.90 > 0.62, peroneus longus 0.49 > 0.21, biceps femoris 0.38 > 0.14, gastrocnemius 0.11 > 0.05). These findings may indicate that the CAP type plate system would expect better effectiveness in perform the balance training. This paper is primary study for developing balance skills enhancement training device.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2016

목 적: 자연분만 후 발생한 비골신경마비 환자에 대한 Muscle Energy Technique (MET)병행 치료가 족하수 증상감소 및 기능 회복에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법: 환자들은 침, 뜸, 부항치료와 병행하여 하루 한번, 일주일에 5회 MET 치료를 받았다. MET는 piriform muscle, gluteus medius muscle, anterior tibial muscle, adductor muscles을 중심으로 시행하였으며 총 20회의 MET치료를 받았다. 효과측정에는 Ankle dorsiflexion ROM, Manual Muscle Test, Numerical Rating Scale, Ankle Hindfoot Scale이 사용되었다. 결 과: Case 1의 경우 MET병행치료 후 ROM은 −5에서 20으로 MMT는 0에서 4, NRS는 5에서 1, AHS는 54에서 94로 변화하였다. Case 2의 경우 MET병행치료 후 ROM은 0에서 20으로 MMT는 1에서 5, NRS는 4에서 1, AHS는 64에서 97로 변화하였다. 결 론: 본 연구에서 MET를 분만직후 발생한 비골신경마비로 인한 족하수 환자에게 침 뜸 부항 등 여러 치료와 병행하여 시행하여 증상 및 기능회복에 효과가 있었다. 기존의 연구와 비교하여 MET치료를 적용한 환자들의 치료 결과가 비슷하거나 치료기간을 단축시킨 것으로 미루어, MET는 분만 직후 발생한 비골신경마비 환자들에게 사용가능한 치료법이라 사료된다.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.749-757
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• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 요가의 한발서기자세를 수련 후 신체안정화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하는 것이다. 요가수련 경험이 없는 20대 여성 13명을 대상으로 24개월간 수련 전·후의 3D동작분석과 근육 생체 신호를 측정하였고 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 댄서포즈에서 왼쪽 무릎의 y축과 오른쪽 발목의 x축, 그리고 트리포즈에서 오른쪽 발목의 x축, 왼쪽 발목 y축의 관절 움직임 범위가 작아지며 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 둘째, 몸통과 골반의 정렬각은 댄서포즈와 트리포즈 모두에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 질량중심 이동거리는 트리포즈의 Y, Z방향에서 작아지며 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 넷째, 트리포즈 동작에서 양쪽 척추기립근, 복직근 및 왼쪽 대퇴사두근의 근활성도가 커지면서 유의한 통계적 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 이러한 결과는 요가 훈련이 특히 발목과 질량중심 움직임을 작게하고, 코어근육을 강화시켜 안정적 자세를 만드는데 중요한 역할을 한다고 할 수 있다. 결론적으로 요가 훈련은 자세 안정화에 효과가 있으며, 자세교정에 영향을 미친다고 할 수 있다. 추후 요가훈련을 통해 자세안정화를 볼 수 있는 정렬각의 변인을 통해 얻을 수 있는 정보에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2020

Background: Augmented somatosensory feedback stimulates the mechanoreceptor to deliver information on bodily position, improving the postural control. The various types of such feedback include ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) and vibration. The optimal feedback to mitigate postural sway remains unclear, as does the effect of augmented somatosensory feedback on muscle co-contraction. Objects: We compared postural sway and ankle muscle co-contraction without feedback (control) and with either of two forms of somatosensory feedback (AFOs and vibration). Methods: We recruited 15 healthy subjects and tested them under three feedback conditions (control, AFOs, vibration) with two sensory conditions (eyes open, or eyes closed and the head tilted back), in random order. Postural sway was measured using a force platform; the mean sway area of the 95% confidence ellipse (AREA) and the mean velocity of the center-of-pressure displacement (VEL) were assessed. Co-contraction of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles was measured using electromyography and converted into a co-contraction index (CI). Results: We found significant main effects of the three feedback states on postural sway (AREA, VEL) and the CI. The two sensory conditions exerted significant main effects on postural sway (AREA and VEL). AFOs reduced postural sway to a level significantly lower than that of the control (p = 0.014, p < 0.001) or that afforded by vibration (p = 0.024, p < 0.001). In terms of CI amelioration, the AFOs condition was significantly better than the control (p = 0.004). Vibration did not significantly improve either postural sway or the CI compared to the control condition. There was no significant interaction effect between the three feedback conditions and the two sensory conditions. Conclusion: Lower-extremity devices such as AFOs enhance somatosensory perception, improving postural control and decreasing the CI during static standing.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.238-243
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• 2007

Purpose: Study was to evaluate the operative results for tarsal coalition with tarsal tunnel syndrome. Materials and Methods: From Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2006, among a number of patients who were diagnosed with tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by tarsal coalition and treated surgically, 5 patients were closely observed for more than 12 months. All cases were talocalcaneal coalition and there were two male and three female patients with a mean age of 36 years (22-50 years). We used the Takakura rating scale as clinical evaluation. Results: All five patients had a burning pain in the sole or extended to toes and showed positive Tinel's sign. Sensory disturbances were observed in the distribution of the medial plantar nerves in four patients and in the area of the medial and lateral plantar nerves in one. Atrophy and weakness of the plantar muscles were seen in two patients. The mean Takakura scale in preoperative and postoperative was 3.4 points (1 to 5 points), 8.6 point (6 to 10 points). The mean follow up was 14.4 months (12 to 16 months). The postoperative results were excellent in two patients, good in two and fair in one. As postoperative complications, there were persistent swelling in one patient and a flexion disturbance of Hallux in one. Conclusion: The coalition resection performed on tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by tarsal coalition could improve a level of pains and neurological symptoms significantly. However, since there were some undesirable complications, a detailed explanation to patients is required prior to surgical treatment and study of such complications may be required.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze kinetic variables between thermotherapy and dynamic warm-up during drop-landing. Method: Twenty male healthy subjects (Age: 21.85 ± 1.90 years, Height: 1.81 ± 0.06 cm, Weight: 68.5 ± 7.06 kg) underwent three treatments applied on the thermotherapy of femoral muscles and a dynamic warm-up. The thermotherapy was performed for 15 minutes while sitting in a chair using an electric heating pad equipped with a temperature control device. Dynamic warm-up performed 14 exercise, a non-treatment was sitting in a chair for 15 minutes. Core temperature measurements of all subjects were performed before landing at a height of 50 cm. During drop-landing, core temperature, joint angle, moment, work of the sagittal plane was collected and analyzed. All analyses were performed with SPSS 21.0 and for repeated measured ANOVA and Post-hoc was Bonferroni. Results: Results indicated that Thermotherapy was increased temperature than other treatments (p = .000). During drop-landing, hip joint of dynamic warm-up was slower for angular velocity (p < .005), and left ankle joint was fastest than other treatments (p = .004). Maximum joint moment of dynamic warm-up was smaller for three joints (hip extension: p = .000; knee flexion/extension: p = .001/.000; ankle plantarflexion: p = .000). Negative work of dynamic warm-up was smaller than other treatments (p = .000). Conclusion: In conclusion, the thermotherapy in the local area doesn't affect the eccentric contraction of the thigh. The dynamic warm-up treatment minimized the joint moment and negative work of the lower joint during an eccentric contraction, it was confirmed that more active movement was performed than other treatment methods.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2019

PURPOSE: Prone hip extension (PHE) has been used for assessment of lumbo-pelvic movement and strengthening exercise for weakness of the hip joint muscles in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). On the other hand, few studies have examined which are the best PHE exercises to activate the gluteus maximus (GM) selectively in physical therapy practice. To aim of this study compared the muscle activity of the GM, rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA) during these four different prone hip extensions, PHE, PHE with quadriceps activation (PHEQA), PHE with ankle dorsiflexion (PHEAD), and PHE with ankle plantarflexion (PHEAP), in subjects with CLBP. METHODS: Nineteen subjects with low back pain participated in this study. Subject performed four PHE exercises and surface electromyography (EMG) was used to evaluate the muscle activity. Data were analyzed by one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (${\alpha}=.05/3=.017$) and a Bonferroni adjustment was performed if a significant difference was found. RESULTS: The muscle activities recorded by EMG showed significant among the four exercises. The muscle activity of the GM increased significantly during PHEQA than during PHEAP (P=.012). CONCLUSION: PHEQA is the most effective exercise for eliciting greater GM muscle activation among the four PHE exercises in subjects with CLBP.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the structural change in knees caused by quadriceps angle and the muscle activity in lower limbs. Indirect intervention was provided by using taping for stability in the ankle joints, which affected patellofemoral pain. Methods: The subjects in this study were 20 patients with patellofemoral pain who visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}{\bigcirc} $ Hospital in Busan. The visual analogue scale measured the dynamic quadriceps angle and the degree of pain felt by the patients while walking down stairs, which was a known factor of patellofemoral pain. In addition, muscle activities in the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and biceps femoris, which affect the knees and ankles, were measured using surface electromyography. The muscle activities were converted into %RVC for this study. The data obtained in this study were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using the SPSS Ver. 25.0 statistical program. The significance level ${\alpha}$ was 0.05. Results: The study results showed that the pain and dynamic quadriceps angle were significantly reduced statistically when applying the calcaneus fixation taping (p<0.05). Muscle activity in the lower limbs was significantly decreased in the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and tibialis anterior (p<0.05). Conclusion: The summary of the study results verified that the calcaneus fixation taping reduced the pain and dynamic quadriceps angle by providing stability in the ankle joints. It also produced efficient movement due to the difference in lower-limb muscle activity.