• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.285-295
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• 2020

Adults of Prosimulium kiotoense and Twinnia japonensis were collected and reported from Korea for the first time. Since adult black flies are notorious for morphological homogeneity particularly in female, larval and pupal characters have been mainly used to identify them. Adults of P. kiotoense can be identified by the following combination of characteristics: Adult, wing with radial sector (Rs) branched into R²⁺³ and R⁴⁺⁵; hind leg basitarsus without calcipala; first tarsomere without pedisulcus. Female, claw without basal thumblike lobe; hypogenial valve elongate, convex, heavily sclerotized medially, posterior end touching each other, space between valves rhomboid. Male, claw with basal thumblike lobe; ventral plate keel shaped; gonostylus with 2-3 spinules. Adults and pupa of T. japonensis can be identified by the following combination of characteristics: Adult, antenna with 7 flagellomeres. Female, hypogenial valve broad, posterior end of valve not touching each other; cercus elongate, subquadrate; spermatheca slightly wider and long, round. Male, claw with basal thumblike lobe; gonostylus with 1 spinule; ventral plate flat. Pupa, gill of 16 filaments, arising from 3 swollen stalks; abdominal tergites without spine combs except tergites III and IV with small recurved hooks; terminal spine well developed, wavy shaped.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.167-198
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• 2022

Ten species of copepods, including nine new species, associated with compound ascidians are recorded from Korean waters. Nine new species can be characterized by their major diagnostic features, as follows: Botryllophilus pentamerus n. sp. by having a five-annulated abdomen; B. paucisetatus n. sp. by the presence of four and three setae on the exopods of right and left leg 1, respectively; Haplostoma quadridens n. sp. by the presence of four lobes on the labrum and one seta plus four spines on the exopods of legs 1-4; H. paucidens n. sp. by the presence of only two spines on the distal segment of the antenna; Enterocola horridus n. sp. by having five setae on the antenna, no seta on the caudal ramus, and two setae on leg 5; E. longicaudatus n. sp. by having long caudal rami which are more than three times as long as wide; Thoracodelphys bisetata n. sp. by the presence of only two setae on the basis of the maxillule; T. cerasta n. sp. by the presence of a large, horn-like process on the distal margin of the basis of leg 2; and Unimeria hirsuta n. sp. by having three setae on the terminal segment of the maxilla. Zygomolgus didemni (Gotto, 1956) previously known only from European waters is reported from Korean waters, with a redescription and illustrations.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.214-221
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• 2022

Six species in five families of Lepidoptera were newly recorded from Korea. The adult specimens of these six species were obtained during the rearing caterpillars collected across Korea. Agonopterix omelkoi Lvovsky (Depresariidae) can be distinguished by the ochreous forewing with a dark brown slanted line, a dark brown triangular spot, and a blackish discal dot, and the whitish hindwing. Dichomeris ferruginosa Meyrick (Gelechiidae) can be diagnosed by the light brown forewing with two relatively large blackish dots and suffusion of dark brown along the dorsum and subtermen, and the grayish hindwing. Pseudohedya satoi Kawabe (Tortricidae) can be diagnosed by the dark ochreous forewing with several medially curved dark ochreous medial lines, and the large light grayish tornal marking, and the dark grayish hindwing. Rhodoneura hyphaema (West) (Thyrididae) can be diagnosed by the reddish forewing with a relatively thick postmedial band, and the reddish hindwing with a narrow dark reddish straight medial band. Comibaena subprocumbaria (Oberthür) (Geometridae) can be diagnosed by the greenish forewing with a whitish apical marking that bordered with a brownish or dark reddish line that connected to the termen, and the distal abdominal segments with whitish and dark reddish dots. Perixera absconditaria (Walker) (Geometridae) can be diagnosed by the light brownish forewing with a relatively thick, slanted, dentate brownish postmedial line, and the light brownish hindwing with a small white discal spot. We provide the diagnosis and figures of adults and larvae, and DNA barcoding data.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2006

Two ciliates of suborder Euplotina collected from the two habitats (estuarine littoral and sewage treatment plant) in Ulsan, Korea were Euplotes charon ($M\ddot{u}ller$, 1773) and Diophrys oligothrix Borror, 1965. These two species are reported for the first time from Korea. The description was based on the observation of living and silver impregnated specimens. Diagnostic characteristics of these species are as follows. E. charon: size in vivo about $90-130\times65-80{\mu}m$, adoral zone of membranelles over 79.5% of cell length with 54-80 adoral membranelles; right margin of the peristome shaped sinusoidal form and passed through adoral zone of membranelles; buccal cavity wide anteriorly; 10 frontoventral, 5 transverse, 4 caudal cirri, 12 dorsal kineties, mid-dorsal kinety with 21 -25 dorsal bristles; silver-line system double-eurystomus type. D. oligothrix: size in vivo about $80-90\times30-70{\mu}m$; body shape ovoid with prominent right concave posterio-lateral end, two irregular elongated macronuclei with one micronucleus, respectively; 7 fronto-ventral, 5 transverse, 2 left marginal and 2 caudal cirri, 4 dorsal kineties with prominent bristles about $9-14{\mu}m$ long in vivo.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.223-229
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• 2006

Two litonotid ciliates collected from the freshwater habitats in Korea were identified as Loxophyllum meleagris ($M\ddot{u}ller$, 1773) and Siroloxophyllum utriculariae (Penard, 1922). The description was based on the observation of living and protargol impregnated specimens, and biometric analysis. Their diagnostic characteristics are as follows. L. meleagris; $163-480\times80-100{\mu}m$ in vivo, body shape lancet or knife-like; dorsal margin with 10-19 extrusome warts; 8-35 macronuclei nodules, like a string of bead; 16-21 somatic kineties on right side (including perioral kinety 2, 3) and 6-11 on left side (including perioral kinety 1); 1 contractile vacuole located at posterior part at diastole stage, extending along the dorsal margin toward anterior end with a single long narrow canal. S. utriculariae; $110-170\times78-150{\mu}m$ in vivo, body shape lancet like; dorsal margin without extrusome warts; 2 macronuclei, spherical; 12-19 somatic kineties on right side, 3-7 on left side (including perioral kinety 1); 2-3 contractile vacuoles, first one located anterior ventrally, second one located posterior dorsally and last one located near posterior end of cell.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2023

The specimens collected from five localities during the period from 2004 to 2022 were observed. As a result of this study, Jellyella eburnea was found to be new to the Korean fauna and three membraniporids were reviewed. Two species, Jellyella eburnea and Biflustra grandicella, were redescribed and illustrated with the collected specimens in this study. Membranipora perfragilis from Korea is changed into Biflustra grandicella. Jellyella eburnea is new to the Korean fauna and first reported outside subtropical and tropical seas of the South Pacific and Indo-Pacific Ocean. This fact proves that the seas in Korea are warming. Additionally, Biflustra crenulata reported from the West Sea, South Sea and Jejudo waters of Korea is synonymized into Biflustra okadai. Membranipora irregulata is transferred into the genus Biflustra. Five of Korean membraniporids, Biflustra grandicella, Biflustra irregulata, Biflustra okadai, Jellyella eburnea, and Jellyella tuberculata, are reported in the Korean fauna as a result of this study. The photos taken in the field and by Scanning Electron Microscopy of two species, Biflustra grandicella and Jellyella eburnea, are provided herein.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2022

Leptochiton Gray, 1847 is one of the most ancient chiton groups which includes more than 130 species that occur in cold and deep waters worldwide. Due to their small-sized body, they are often confused as juveniles of other chiton species. Moreover, lack of morphological information makes species identification of this group very challenging. To date, only two Leptochiton species(L. fuliginatus and L. rugatus) have been reported from Korean waters. In this study, we found L. hakodatensis(Thiele, 1909) for the first time in Korea and described microscopic morphological characters of valves (tegmentum sculpture), girdle scale, and radula using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Leptochiton hakodatensis is morphologically similar to L. fuliginatus and L. rugatus, but differently characterized by having dorso-ventrally rounded (not carinated) intermediate valves, girdle (perinotum) scales sculptured with 4-7 longitudinal ribs, and bicuspid major lateral teeth of radula. In addition to morphological examination, we determined the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(cox1) as a DNA barcode sequence information. This is the first report that describes microscopic characters (tegmentum of valves, girdle structure, and radula) of L. hakodatensis using a SEM. This study provides a morphological basis for describing Leptochiton species and discovery of a "hidden" species of this genus.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2023

The nudibranch is one of the most colorful gastropod species found in oceans worldwide. Unlike many other gastropod groups, the nudibranch loses an external shell in the adult stage, but instead develops various chemical defense systems. More than 2,500 nudibranch species have been reported worldwide, and 73 species are currently recorded in Korean waters. In this study, we present morphological descriptions, DNA barcode information of mtDNA cox1 sequence, and taxonomic review for five nudibranch species: Apata pricei (MacFarland, 1966), Doto rosacea Baba, 1949, Janolus toyamensis Baba and Abe, 1970, Polycera abei (Baba, 1960), and Trinchesia sibogae (Bergh, 1905). Of these, we also provide in-depth discussion of taxonomic issue of A. pricei that was previously subdivided into two subspecies, A. pricei pricei and A. pricei komandorica. Our morphological examination and molecular analyses of the mtDNA cox1 sequences indicate that these two subspecies are not taxonomically warranted. The phylogenetic information for the other nudibranch species from mtDNA cox1 sequence analysis is also included, providing a molecular basis for species identification and inferring their local phylogenies within each of the species groups discussed herein.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.176-211
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• 2023

Nine copepod species of the family Artotrogidae Brady, 1880 are described or redescribed from Korea. Included new species are two in the genus Artotrogus Boeck, 1859, one each in the genera Bradypontius Giesbrecht, 1895, Cryptopontius Giesbrecht, 1899, Neopontius Scott T., 1898 and Chejupontius n. gen., and two in the genus Sewellopontius Ummerkutty, 1966. Chejupontius n. gen. resembles Ascidipontius Kim I. H., 1996, Pulicitrogus Kim I. H., 1998, and Sewellopontius in having reduced armature of leg 1, but is distinguished from these and other genera of the family by the large, mediodistally expanded protopod of leg 5 and by a combination of characters exhibited in leg 1 that the first exopodal segment lacks an inner seta, the second exopodal segment lacks an outer spine, the third exopodal segment is armed with three spines plus one to three setae, and the second endopodal segment is armed with a single inner seta. Pteropontius cristatus Giesbrecht, 1895 known previously only from the Mediterranean Sea is redescribed, based on a newly collected specimen from Korea, and P. trimerus Kim I. H., 1996 is removed to the genus Sewellopontius. A short note is given for the epibiotic suctorian Thecacineta calix (Schroder, 1907) which was found attached to the antennule of a new copepod species.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.254-263
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• 2023

Two feather mites, Brephosceles anatina Dubinin, 1951 (Analgoidea: Alloptidae) and Freyana anatina (Koch, 1844) (Pterolichoidea: Freyanidae), have been reported for the first time from the Eastern Spot-billed Duck, Anas zonorhyncha Swinhoe, 1866 (Anseriformes: Anatidae), in Korea. The genera Brephosceles Hull, 1934 and Freyana Haller, 1877 are new records of Korean fauna. The morphology of B. anatina is distinguished from three species of the lambda species group in having legs IV extending the level of setae e2 with the distal end of the tarsus in males, and the incision on the posterior margin of the hysteronotal shield triangular-shaped and distinctly longer than its greatest width in females. Freyana anatina is distinguished from F. nyrocae and F. obliquasetae in having setae ps1 with a rectangle bend in homeomorphic males, and setae ps1 obliquely ovate and divergent, with the inner canal going obliquely across the membranous part of these setae in females. This study provides morphological redescriptions of both feather mite species supplemented with partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI), based on specimens collected in Korea.