• Toxicological Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

Transgenic mouse models have been introduced and accepted by regulatory bodies as an alternative to carcinogenicity assay models to predict and evaluate chemical carcinogens. The recent research outcomes in transgenic mouse models have made progressive advances in the understanding of chemical carcinogenesis and the evaluation of potential human carcinogens. However, these models still remain to be insufficient assay systems although the insufficiencies have been recognised and are being resolved. Based on up to date information from literature, this review article intends to understand currently accepted transgenic mouse models, issues arising from study design, interpretation of the study, results of validation project and their cancer prediction rate, and further perspectives of cancer assay models from the regulatory view point.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.479-495
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• 2022

Purpose: Rodent models have emerged as an alternative to established larger animal models for peri-implantitis research. However, the construct validity of rodent models is controversial due to a lack of consensus regarding their histological, morphological, and biochemical characteristics. This systematic review sought to validate rodent models by characterizing their morphological changes, particularly marginal bone loss (MBL), a hallmark of peri-implantitis. Methods: This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was performed electronically using MEDLINE (PubMed), and Embase, identifying pre-clinical studies reporting MBL after experimental peri-implantitis induction in rodents. Each study's risk of bias was assessed using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis was performed for the difference in MBL, comparing healthy implants to those with experimental peri-implantitis. Results: Of the 1,014 unique records retrieved, 23 studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. Peri-implantitis was induced using 4 methods: ligatures, lipopolysaccharide, microbial infection, and titanium particles. Studies presented high to unclear risks of bias. During the osseointegration phase, 11.6% and 6.4%-11.3% of implants inserted in mice and rats, respectively, had failed to osseointegrate. Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis of the linear MBL measured using micro-computed tomography. Following experimental peri-implantitis, the MBL was estimated to be 0.25 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14-0.36 mm) in mice and 0.26 mm (95% CI, 0.19-0.34 mm) in rats. The resulting peri-implant MBL was circumferential, consisting of supra- and infrabony components. Conclusions: Experimental peri-implantitis in rodent models results in circumferential MBL, with morphology consistent with the clinical presentation of peri-implantitis. While rodent models are promising, there is still a need to further characterize their healing potentials, standardize experiment protocols, and improve the reporting of results and methodology.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.1196-1203
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• 2024

Objective: A study was conducted to quantify the performance differences of the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration models developed with different degrees of hay sample preparations. Methods: A total of 227 imported alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and another 360 imported timothy (Phleum pratense L.) hay samples were used to develop calibration models for nutrient value parameters such as moisture, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude protein, and in vitro dry matter digestibility. Spectral data of hay samples prepared by milling into 1-mm particle size or unground were separately regressed against the wet chemistry results of the abovementioned parameters. Results: The performance of the developed NIRS calibration models was evaluated based on R², standard error, and ratio percentage deviation (RPD). The models developed with ground hay were more robust and accurate than those with unground hay based on calibration model performance indexes such as R² (coefficient of determination), standard error, and RPD. Although the R² of calibration models was mainly greater than 0.90 across the feed value indexes, the R² of cross-validations was much lower. The R² of cross-validation varies depending on feed value indexes, which ranged from 0.61 to 0.81 in alfalfa, and from 0.62 to 0.95 in timothy. Estimation of feed values in imported hay can be achievable by the calibrated NIRS. However, the NIRS calibration models must be improved by including a broader range of imported hay samples in the modeling. Conclusion: Although the analysis accuracy of NIRS was substantially higher when calibration models were developed with ground samples, less sample preparation will be more advantageous for achieving rapid delivery of hay sample analysis results. Therefore, further research warrants investigating the level of sample preparations compromising analysis accuracy by NIRS.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.210-213
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• 1999

Anyone observes that information processing in animal brains is depended on neural networks. On the other hand, engineering models for the neural networks are well known now, and they have been studied, and learning facility is found in the model. We are sure there is a potential in order to create a non Neuman-machine in the engineering models. We studied iteration forms including the engineering neural network models, taking a first step for the creation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.539-547
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• 2018

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) research has recently focused on the use of rat and mouse models for in vivo SCI experiments. Such small rodent SCI models are invaluable for the field, and much has been discovered about the biologic and physiologic aspects of SCI from these models. It has been difficult, however, to reproduce the efficacy of treatments found to produce neurologic benefits in rodent SCI models when these treatments are tested in human clinical trials. A large animal model may have advantages for translational research where anatomical, physiological, or genetic similarities to humans may be more relevant for pre-clinically evaluating novel therapies. Here, we review the work carried out at the University of British Columbia (UBC) on a large animal model of SCI that utilizes Yucatan miniature pigs. The UBC porcine model of SCI may be a useful intermediary in the pre-clinical testing of novel pharmacological treatments, cell-based therapies, and the "bedside back to bench" translation of human clinical observations, which require preclinical testing in an applicable animal model.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2015

Purpose: The research presented in this paper applied the chemometric analysis to the near-infrared spectral data from line-scanned hyperspectral images of beef and fish meals in animal feeds. The chemometric statistical models were developed to distinguish beef meals from fish ones. Methods: The meal samples of 40 fish meals and 15 beef meals were line-scanned to obtain hyperspectral images. The spectral data were retrieved from each of 3600 pixels in the Region of Interest (ROI) of every sample image. The wavebands spanning 969 nm to 1551 nm (across 176 spectral bands) were selected for chemometric analysis. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) and the principal component analysis (PCA) methods of the chemometric analysis were applied to the model development. The purpose of the models was to correctly classify as many beef pixels as possible while misclassified fish pixels in an acceptable amount. Results: The results showed that the success classification rates were 97.9% for beef samples and 99.4% for fish samples by the PLSR model, and 85.1% for beef samples and 88.2% for fish samples by the PCA model. Conclusion: The chemometric analysis-based PLSR and PCA models for the hyperspectral image analysis could differentiate beef meals from fish ones in animal feeds.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.29 no.2 s.43
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• pp.37-65
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• 2003

Nowadays, we find out new anti-wrinkle-care-ingredients by in vitro searching methods using many kind of cell-culture-models for investigation of the effective anti-wrinkle-care-ingredients. But, theses new ingredients don't have effect on the human-model for anti-wrinkle, not likely on in vitro. In other words, there are so many differences between the effects on in vitro models and the clinical human models, practically. But, we actually have difficulty in putting all of the new anti-wrinkle-care-ingredients to the test on human models directly. To solve this problem, we have investigated that by using the artificial skin-culture-model or the animal model, In this lecture I will review the detail of assessment method far evaluation of anti-wrinkle agents in vitro and animal model and discuss the pros and cons of each method. Then I will present the results of Preclinical Screening trials, And especially animal model may be a good candidate for evaluation of anti-wrinkle agents.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2020

This study aimed to discover functional materials derived from resources, which can improve the troublesome symptoms of a bronchus by improving bronchial hyperresponsiveness as air pollution in Korea caused by fine dust and yellow dust is getting worse. Of natural resources grown naturally in Korea, Chrysanthemum morifolium(CM), and Scutellaria baicalensis(SB) have been used as a safe raw material for drinking or medicine for a long time, and it has been found that a combination of CS73 can improve bronchial health function in experimental animal models. Analysis of serum of animal models with asthma induced by ovalbumin (chicken egg albumin) and analysis of cytokine production in BALF (Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) showed that inflammatory indices IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-17E were significantly reduced and that respective production of IL-2 and IFN-γ was significantly increased in the group taking extracts from CS73 when compared with the control group. These results suggested that the combination of CS73 could be used as a natural treatment for asthma. In addition, in the animal models that the combination of CS73 significantly decreased the respective production of IgE, histamine and TSLP when compared with the control group. In experimental models, the ratio of Chrysanthemum morifolium to Scutellaria baicalensis of 7 : 3 had more excellent effect than other combined experimental groups, which suggests that the above combination can be developed as a natural treatment for asthma and is valuable as a pharmaceutical composition with an effect of improving bronchial health, capable of contributing to the public health threatened by fine dust.

• Proceedings of the KAN Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.119-136
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.37-41
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• 1998