• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.531-541
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• 2005

This study investigated the influence of anthropometric data and nutrient intake on bone mineral density(BMD) and biochemical markers of bone metabolism The mean age of 21 premenopausal women were 47.0 years and that of 41 postmenopausal women whose menopausal age was 49.46 years were 60.56 years. The waist and WHR of postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those of premenopausal ones. The animal protein intake of premenopausal and postmenopausal women were 38.5 and 21.03 g which comprised 54.35 and $31.84\%$ of total protein intake, respectively. The calcium intake of premenopausal and postmenopausal women were 446.45 and 546.97mg which was 63.78 and $78.14\%$ of Korean RDA, respectively. The ALP(Alkaline phosphatase) of premenopausal women was 65.81 U/L, which was significantly lower than that(90.24 U/L) of postmenopausal women (p<0.01). BMD of lumbar spine of premenopausal women was correlated significantly with body weight(r=0.690, p<0.01), waist(r=0.682, p<0.01), WHR(r=0.672, p<0.01), BMI(r=0.559, p<0.01), and body fat(r=0.457, p<0.01). Urinary Ca/creatinine ratio of the premenopausal women was negatively correlated with plant protein(r=-0.529, p<0.05) and plant calcium(r=-0.579, p<0.05). BMD of lumbar spine of postmenopausal women showed positive correlation with lean body mass(r=0.469, p<0.01) and body weight(r=0.383, p<0.05). Urinary Ca/creatinine ratio for the postmenopausal women was positively correlated with ALP(r=0.404, p<0.01) and urinary Na/creatinine ratio(r=0.389, p<0.05). In conclusion, it is necessary to maintain adequate body weight and to increase calcium intake for the premenopausal women. It is also important to increase muscle mass and reduce salt intake for the postmenopausal women.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper was to clarify the actual conditions of the 'Dietary externalization' mainly by using the economic and nutrition-related data, accompanied by the economic development in Korea and Japan. 'Modernization of food style' and other modernization have taken place, among which 'Dietary externalization' in particular has recently drawn interest. At the time this paper clarified with econometric analysis whether there are differences between the two countries in term of the modernization of food style and dietary externalization trend. The trends of Dietary externalization of both Korea and Japan were studied using Principal Component Analysis method. The food subgroup were investigated based on the annual report on the household income and expenditure survey of Korea and the annual report on the family income and expenditure survey of Japan. The statistical data from both country were analyzed by SAS program. The results are as follows; 1. In Korea, the ratio of carbohydrates in the total calorie intake is quite high and animal protein is rather low compared to those in Japan. 2. Traditional food such as grains and vegetables are consumed much more in Korea than in Japan. 3. The Principal Component 1, 2 were extracted in both countries during the whole analysis period, which suggested the 'Dietary externalization' 4. Principal Component 1 has a positive factor loaded in all food items including meals outside the home and process food. In other words, it is apparent that the 'Dietary externalization' tread in Korea has a simple pattern suggesting that all externalization related items are on the rise. 5. Principal component 1, 2 which indicated the dietary externalization, were detected in Japan.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the growth rate, hematological and serological changes of the rats when they were fed with the high fat diets supplemented with or without the tannic acid for five weeks. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats(235.7\pm10.7g\;of\;body\;weight)$ were randomly divided into four groups, control group and three treatment groups(T1, T2 and T3). Rats in control group were fed with the high fat diet containing $15\%\;lard,\;1\%$ cholesterol and $0.5\%$ sodium cholate(wt/wt) which was modified from the formula of American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-76 diet and rats in treatment groups were fed with above diet supplemented with $0.25\%(T1),\;0.5\%(T2)$ or $0.75\%(T3)$ of tannic acid(wt/wt), respectively. The supplementation of tannic acid(TA) did not affect the final body weight, gain of body weight and feed intake of rats in both control and treatment groups. The numbers of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values in blood of rats showed no significant differences between control group and treatment groups. The glucose concentration and albumin/globulin(A/G) ratio of rats in treatment groups were slightly lower than that of control group without significance. The values of total protein, albumin and globulin showed no significant differences between control group and treatment groups. The values of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein­cholesterol and atherogenic index in sera of rats in treatment groups were much lower than that of control group without significance. The values of triglycerides in sera of rats in T3 group were significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats in T3 group were significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Thus supplementation of tannic acid to high fat diet could be effective to reduce the serum lipid levels such as total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides which were regarded as to cause the cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.224-229
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• 2007

Muscle tissue expresses many muscle-specific genes, including myostatin (also known as GDF8) that is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. Myostatin (MSTN) negatively regulates mammalian skeletal muscle growth and development by inhibiting myoblast proliferation. Mice and cattle possessing mutant MSTN alleles display a 'double muscling' phenotype characterized by extreme skeletal muscle hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia. In this study, we first have characterized partial cDNA of a MSTN gene from the muscle tissue in the F. chinensis and examined its expression pattern in various tissues. The partial MSTN gene (GenBank accession number EU 131093) in the F. chinensis was 1134 bp, encoding for 377 amino acids that showed 63-93% amino acid similarity to other vertebrate MSTNs, containing a conserved proteolytic cleavage site (RXRR) and conserved cysteine residues in the C-terminus. Based on a RT-PCR, the MSTN gene was expressed in the all tissues of F. chinensis used in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.229-233
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• 2010

Amyloid precursor protein binding protein-1 (APP-BP1) binds to the carboxyl terminus of amyloid precursor protein and serves as a bipartite activation enzyme for the ubiquitin-like protein, NEDD8. Previously, it has been reported that APP-BP1 rescues the cell cycle S-M checkpoint defect in Ts41 hamster cells, that this rescue is dependent on the interaction of APP-BP1 with hUba3. The exogenous expression of APP-BP1 in neurons has been reported to cause DNA synthesis and apoptosis via a signaling pathway that is dependent on APP-BP1 binding to APP. These results suggest that APP-BP1 overexpression contributes to neurodegeneration. In the present study, we explored whether APP-BP1 expression was altered in the brains of Tg2576 mice, which is an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. APP-BP1 was found to be up-regulated in the hippocampus and cortex of 12 month-old Tg2576 mice compared to age-matched wild-type mice. In addition, APP-BP1 knockdown by siRNA treatment reduced cullin-1 neddylation in fetal neural stem cells, suggesting that APP-BP1 plays a role in cell cycle progression in the cells. Collectively, these results suggest that increased expression of APP-BP1, which has a role in cell cycle progression in neuronal cells, contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2005

Absorption, metabolism, and tissue concentrations of quercetin were examined and compared in mice and rats after oral administration of quercetin at 50 or 100 mg/kg. Quercetin was absorbed quickly in mice and reached maximum plasma concentration in I hr post-administration, and declined sharply after 4 hr. Plasma concentration of isorhamnetin, a major metabolite, also increased sharply, indicating rapid metabolic conversion, but elevated level was maintained longer than that of quercetin. Quercetin and isorhamnetin were found predominantly in glucuronide/sulfate-conjugate forms in both mice and rats. Tissue concentrations of quercetin and isorhamnetin in mice and rats were in the order of liver>kidney>spleen>plasma both 1 and 6 hr postadministration. These results show that quercetin is absorbed in mice after oral feeding and quickly metabolized into isorhamnetin as demonstrated in humans and other animal species. The results also can be used to explain various pharmacological activities reported in mouse models.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2011

Anthocyanins are naturally occuring phytochemicals and the main components of the coloring of plants, flowers and fruits. They are known to elicit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive activity. In this study, we investigated anthocyanins in black / yellow soybean seedcoats using different methods of detection - thin layer chromatography (TLC), capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and HPLC analysis. The anthocyanins in soybean seedcoats were extracted by five independent methods of extraction and the aglycons (anthocyanidins) of the corresponding anthocyanins were prepared by acid mediated hydrolysis. The anthocyanin / anthocyanidin in black soybean seedcoat showed characteristic TLC mobility, CZE electrophoretic retention and HPLC migration time while little of anthocyanins were detected from yellow soybean seedcoat. The extracted anthocyanins showed pH dependent retention time in CZE and spectral change in UV-Vis spectrum. HPLC analysis of the hydrolyzed extract of black soybean seedcoat identified the presence of four anthocyanidins. The major anthocyanin in black soybean seedcoat was cyanin (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside), with the relative order of anthocyanidin in cyanidin > delphinidin > petunidin > pelargonidin.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.529-534
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• 2009

Marbling score (MS) is the major trait that affects carcass quality in beef cattle. In this study, we investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms of the adipose differentiation-related protein gene (ADFP) and carcass traits in Korean cattle (also known as Hanwoo). Using direct DNA sequencing in 24 unrelated Korean cattle, 25 novel polymorphisms were identified within all exons and their flanking regions of ADFP, including the promoter region (1.5 kb). Among them, 21 polymorphic sites were selected for genotyping in the beef cattle (n = 425). Statistical analyses revealed that one promoter polymorphism (c.-56-18A > G) was associated with MS (P = 0.009). The 'A' allele of c.-56-18A > G exerted a lowering effect on MS, e.g., the lowest MS was found in 'A/A' (MS = 2.09 ${\pm}$ 1.23), intermediate in 'A/G' (MS = 2.11 ${\pm}$ 1.31), and the highest in 'G/G' (MS = 2.47 ${\pm}$ 1.47). Our findings suggest that these polymorphisms in ADFP might be important genetic factors involved in carcass quality in beef cattle.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to find out the dietary attitudes and behaviors, intake frequencies of food groups, health-related opinions and practices, and sociodemographic characteristics of housewives in Wonju-Gun rural area. Interviewers asked 413 housewives about obove informations and then recorded. The results were as followes : Using the factor analysis processing, 17 questions about dietary attitudes and behaviors were categorized into 5 groups such as fidelity of diet, the healthful dietary attitudes, the eating practices concerning about items and amount, eating speed and the extent of coincidence in food preference within a family. The role of the housewives was a major factor affecting the dietary attitudes and behaviors. Those who work as housewives and farmers concurrently had good dietary practices concerning about items and amount, but they were interested about health-directed dietary attitudes at a significantly lower level. Food frequencies of 9 groups, animal protein food, fruits and vegetables, milk and milk products, small fishes such as anchovy, soybean curd and beans, seaweeds, vegetable oil, frying food, soybean paste were significantly associated with subjects' age, role, and education and income level. Whether or not intake of soybean paste was considered. protein food intake was altered, and the difference between two situations increased much more as age was higher. We noticed that intake of soybean paste improved the status of protein nutrition. Our subjects ate calcium sources and dishes using vegetable oil insufficiently. Those who had much interests for good health, revealed to be an active practitioner in the aspects of healthful dietary attitudes, but fidelity of diet, eating practices concerning about items and amount showed significant association with balanced life style.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.549-558
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• 2009

This study examined the basic information on the native pear c.v. 'Baekwoon' grown in Mt. Baekwoonsan, Gwangyang, to develop as a local specialty product. the sensory characteristics, chemical compositions, and physiological activities of 'Baekwoon' pear were examined and compared with those of 'Niitaka' pear. Hardness of 'Baekwoon' pear was 19.30N, which was higher than 'Niitaka'. The sugar content of 'Baekwoon' was 11.5 $^{\circ}Brix$, which was lower than 'Niitaka'. The total amino acid contents of the fruit skin and flesh of 'Baekwoon' were 222 mg/100g dry weight (DW) and 130 mg/100g DW, respectively, which were much higher than those of 'Niitaka'. Especially, serine contents in fruit skin and flesh of 'Baekwoon' were 75.4 mg/100g DW and 40.2 mg/100g DW, respectively, which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of 'Niitaka'. However, physiological activities, such as total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, total flavonoid content and nitrite scavenging activity, of 'Baekwoon' were lower than or similar to those of 'Niitaka'. Consequently, vitamin and amino acid contents of 'Baekwoon' were better than those of 'Niitaka'. It is suggested to use fruit skin because of its good composition and physiological activities so that it helps to improve the quality and the biological activity.