• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.485-495
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• 2003

This study was to compare and analyze the clothing pressure according to arms movements of 4 brands jacket for middle-aged women group by measuring clothing pressure of each brand. The results were as follows: 1. According to the analysis of jackets of 4 brands, in general, jacket C had the largest ease amount. while jacket A had a large ease amount in waist, hip areas compared with bust area. Also jacket B had a small ease amount in bust, waist areas and jacket D had a small ease amount in hip areas. Therefore the ease amount is different between each brand, each size even though jacket designs are similar. 2. It was found that clothing pressure was affected by arm movements than jackets. Since this study was limited to the arm movement for motion variation, it was recognized that a significant difference among each jacket and each movement at shoulder, waist parts existed with relation to this motion. 3. Parts showing a significant difference among each size were bust point, abdomen point, center back point of abdomen level, angulus superior scapulae point and center back point of waist level. Also clothing pressure of size B91 was bigger than size B88 except Center back point of waist level. 4. Clothing pressure in shoulder point, front armpit point, back armpit point, upper arm point areas increased as the angle of the arms movement increased. Also, individual variation of clothing pressure in front armpit point, back armpit point, armpit point and upper arm point was large, and clothing pressure in abdomen point was high in M5(sitting posture).

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2022

This study categorized and analyzed the body types of adult women in their 20s and 30s using 3D human measurement data from the 8th Size Korea, and intended to construct body shape and dimension data necessary for modeling Korean standard avatars. Data analysis considered data from 1302 adult women in their 20s and 30s, and a total of 49 index values, drop values, and angle items were subjected to factor analysis and one-way ANOVA to categorize the body type, and Duncan test to post-verify significant differences by type. As a result of conducting factor analysis, 13 factors were extracted and were categorized into 4 body types. Type 1 is short in the upper torso, long in the lower torso, long in the arms and legs, and has a upright body shape and sagging shoulder. Type 2 is short in the torso, arms and legs, and has large torso flexion and lower body circumference. Type 3 has abdominal obesity with small torso flexion and lower body circumference. Type 4 is a small body bending forward type. For the distribution of body types by age among those in their 20s and 30s, the highest appearance rate was Type 1 and was therefore selected as the represntative body type. The body type information of this study will be used as basic data for developing standard avatars.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 산업용 다관절 로봇을 이용한 3 차원 곡면가공 방안에 대하여 연구하였다. 가반중량이 큰 산업용 로봇의 경우 반복위치정밀도가 높지 않아 위치오차와 가공 깊이 방향 오차를 발생시키며, 본 연구에서는 레이저 변위센서를 이용하여 이를 보정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 로봇교시포인터의 수를 줄이기 위하여 가공면의 특이점들만을 이용하여 곡면 가공이 가능하도록 로봇 궤적을 생성하는 방안을 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 실제 산업용 로봇을 이용하여 가공시험을 수행하였다. 회전수, 가공각도, 가공깊이, 가공속도 등의 가공조건을 변경해가며, 표면조도, 실제 가공깊이, 진동 및 소음 발생에 대한 시험을 수행하여 적용 가능한 가공조건을 도출하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.633-641
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a new flight suit in bilateral ways; subjectively and objectively in the improvements of comfort and mobility. Seven healthy males at the age of twenties volunteered in this wearing test. They were over 177 cm in height and 92-95 cm in chest circumference, which satisfies the M95 Special' size described in the Korean Military Specifications and Standards. The subjective satisfaction was evaluated according to the criteria of ease of donning and doffing, fitness of wear, mobility, space between cloth and body, convenience in using restroom. Subjective satisfaction evaluation says that the best improvement of movement are neck circumference, chest breadth, armscye circumference, waist back length, crotch length, crotch height and body rise. According to the evaluation, improvements of mobility were conspicuous especially in parts of body like neck, breast, waist, back, and arms. When evaluating objective satisfaction, we measured a angle difference in a prescribed standard-grid on a photograph that picked up while the subject performed each motion in front of 10 cm-interval grid. As a result, the motion that had angle difference above 5 degrees were arm stretching and standing on single leg holding at forward or at his side. Bending necks and waist, crouching also had angle difference of over 5 degrees. The improvements are discussed from the viewpoint that the increased ease in parts of armscye circumference and crotch in new flight suit pattern.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2020

Purpose : The aim of this study was to assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability and validity of measurements of head, neck, and pelvis posture using a mobile application in subjects with forward head posture. Methods : Forty-eight volunteers (22 men, 26 women) participated in this study. Two raters independently examined whole body picture images in a lateral standing posture with arms crossed using a CA-Smart Posture Reminder (CA-SPR), and a rater took and calculated posture images twice to assess reliability. We measured five parameters: craniovertebral angle 1 (CVA1), anterior shoulder translation (AST), pelvic tilt (PT), knee angle (KA), and ankle angle (AA) in the subject's sagittal plane using CA-SPR. We examined whole spine X-ray images in the same position to assess validity. We measured four variables in the subjects: CVA2, translation distance (AHT), anterior pelvic plane (APP), and sacral slope (SS). The intra- and inter-rater reliability were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Convergent validity was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : The intra-rater reliability (ICC=.889 -.989) and inter-rater reliability (ICC=.800 -.980) were excellent for all variables measured using CA-SPR. The variables measured using CA-SPR and X-ray were significantly positively correlated (r=.623, p<.01). However, the correlation of the variables in the pelvis was not statistically significant. Conclusion : This study shows that a mobile application (CA-SPR) is a useful tool for measuring head and neck posture in subjects with forward head posture. However, further study is needed to measure pelvic variables when using a mobile application.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1980

When we design a dress, we should not only consider the esthetic sense and the relationship between movements of the body and the type of dress, but also the combination between the qualities and proper uses of textiles. recently the sale of ready-made clothes has been booming but I wonder whether they have been made in accordance with research concerning body movements and dresses. I would like to make the following observations on dresses, because I have personally suffered the inconvenience of restricted arm movements when wearing ready-made clothes. I have made four types types of foundations with muslin and Jersey, with these foundations I measured the degree of tension or how much the waist-line was drawn up then the arm was moved in increments of 45 degree angles and there by covering the entire span of vertical and horizontal movements. I have intended to experiment with sleeves of differing height in several ways. Concerning the movement factor, I have determined that with excessive activity vertical movements are twice as uncomfortable as horizontal movements. Concerning the faburic, I have found that because jersey has more elastic qualities than muslin, it has proven to be more responsive to body movements. concerning dresses, I have fund that the higher the height of the sleeves, the more uncomfortable it is to move the arms and the greater the degree to which the waist-line is drawn up. As a result this experiment I have made the following observations. Firstly, the vertical movement of the arms to a 180 degree angle has the most extreme influence on the breadth of movement of the waist-line. Secondly, because jersey permits freer body movements than muslin, it should be the preferred material for use in making sportswear. Thirdly, the formula A·H/4+3 of the sleev's cap height is suitable for making street dresses and formal wear. The formula A·H/5 and A·H/6 are properly used when making working clothes and sportswear, and the formula A·H/8 is proper for a sleeping garment and clothes for patients. Fourthly when deciding to any garments, it is important to consider the amount of arm movement anticipated and the relationship between the material and the degree to which the waistline is drawn up. In nder-blouse, when we raise our arms to the most extreme position, we should at that point still have 20∼25 cm of material remaining under the waist-line which includes the maximum of 14.1cm plus part of the blouse and breath of skirt's belt. In the case of the over blouse it is proper for us to have the length of 17∼20 cm remaining below the waist-line.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2018

Background: Sitting posture influences movements of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints and changes the shoulder muscle activities. The development and maintenance of correct sitting posture is important for the fundamental treatment of shoulder pain during rehabilitation. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the sitting postures and the shoulder movements on shoulder muscle activities for both male and female. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects without shoulder-related diseases participated in this experiment. The subjects had randomly adopted three different sitting postures (upright posture, preferred posture, maximum slouched posture) and shoulder flexion angles in scapular plane ($30^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$). Surface electrodes were collected from upper trapezius (UT), anterior deltoid (AD), and posterior deltoid (PD) and the active shoulder range of motion was measured in each sitting posture and shoulder flexion angle. Results: The active range of motions of the shoulder external rotation and the flexion in the scapular plane decreased from the upright posture to the maximum slouched posture (p<.05, mixed-effect linear regression with random intercept, Tukey post-hoc analysis). All muscles showed the highest EMG activities at $120^{\circ}$ shoulder flexion with the maximum slouched posture and did not show the gender differences. Conclusion: Increased shoulder muscle activities may become the potential risk factor for the shoulder impairment and pain if people continuously maintain the maximum slouched posture. Therefore, an upright position is necessary during shoulder exercises, as well as in activities of daily living, including motions involving lifting the arms.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.645-652
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze, in real time, the glide motion and release motion of domestic athletes and gold and bronze medalists employing the glide technique for the men's shot put at the Daegu World Athletic Championship in 2011. In the glide motion, the Korean athletes had a relatively high body center and shot put heights and lager stretching angles for their hips and knees. In the delivery phase, which shifts to the release phase, the Korean athletes showed slower vertical body center and shot put speeds, and they changed the phase, to the release phase by using a small body angle. In the release phase, the Korean athletes showed differences in their projection speeds and vertical body center speeds. The world-famous players showed high angle speeds, which refer to the composition of the rotation force at the moment of release (body, hip, and shoulder line). In the release phase, the Korean athletes did not have fully stretched hip and knee angles, which might have negatively influenced the vertical speed. Because the Korean athletes showed relatively low projection heights and projection angles. it was found that they need to enhance the muscular power of their, throwing arms and lower limbs.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to know the change of somatic characteristics according to the time. To find out the change of body type of the early twenties who were in 1990 and 1999, the anthropometric and the photographic measurements of the two periods were compared respectively. T-test was applied and the figure of body frame and lateral body type were analyzed. By comparing the anthropomentric measurements of 1999 with 1990, it was known that the proportion of lower half of body increased and the legs and arms became longer. The shape of bust was slightly centered and the angle of shoulder decreased. From the analysis of the photographic measurements and the comparison the body type of 1999 with that of 1990, the tendency of change in upper body was to bend backward and the ratio of straight type increased in 1999.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to find out the changes in beginners' batting movements after taking undergraduate baseball lectures, by comparing and analyzing the speed of bat, the angle of body and its segments, the angular velocity and so on. For this purpose, the author picked up five undergraduates who had not taken baseball lectures, and conducted three-dimension computerized tomography twice on them, that is, before and after taking baseball classes, with eight infrared cameras and two force platforms. The conclusions are, first, the time required for swing was shortened after taking the classes. Second, the maximum velocity of the bat-end was increased. Third, at the time of impact, while the rotation angles of the pelvis and the tip of left foot were increased, the left elbow had more flexion after the classes. Fourth, the size of ground reaction force was increased at the point of swing where the ground reaction force of left foot became maximized. As we can infer from these conclusions, beginners' hitting movements before taking baseball classes tended to swing only with the arms, without waist rotation and weight shift of the lower body, but after the classes, their movements were proved to be corrected into the swing using the lower body. For the future studies, the author expects a research in a close to real environment by using pitching machine.