• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.472-484
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• 2008

The calibrated Andong Reservoir hydro-dynamic module (PART I) of the 2-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model, CE-QUAL-W2 [v3.2], was applied to examine the dynamics of total phosphorus, and chlorophyll $\alpha$ concentration within Andong Reservoir. The modeling effort was supported with the data collected in the field for a five year period. In general, the model achieved a good accuracy throughout the calibration period for both chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ and total phosphorus concentration. The greatest deviation in algal concentration occurred on $10^{th}$ October, starting at the layer just beneath the surface layer and extending up to the depth of 35 m. This deviation is principally attributed to the effect of temperature on the algal growth rate. Also, on the same date, the model over-predicts hypolimnion and epilimnion total phosphorus concentration but under-predicts the high concentrated plume in the metalimnion. The large amount of upwelling of finer suspended solid particles, and re-suspension of the sediments laden with phosphorus, are thought to have caused high concentration in the epilimnion and hypolimnion, respectively. Nevertheless, the model well reproduced the seasonal dynamics of both chlorophyll a and total phosphorus concentration. Also, the model tracked the interflow of high phosphorus concentration plume brought by the turbid discharge during the Asian summer monsoon season. Two different hypothetical discharge scenarios (discharge from epilimnetic, and hypolimnetic layers) were analyzed to understand the response of total phosphorus interflow plume on the basis of differential discharge gate location. The simulated results showed that the hypolimnetic discharge gate operation ($103{\sim}113\;m$) was the most effective reservoir structural control method in quickly discharging the total phosphorus plume (decrease of in-reservoir concentration by 219% than present level).

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.70-80
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• 2019

Ichthyofauna and community structure of fish were studied for two fisheries resource reserves, Chuncheon reservoir and Andong reservoir from 2017 to 2018. Fish were sampled 8 times at each reservoir. In Chuncheon reservoir, total number of fish sampled was 1,197 representing 34 species and 13 families. Dominant species and sub-dominant species were Lepomis macrochirus (23.2%) and Zacco platypus (17.4%), respectively. In Andong reservoir, total number of fish sampled was 1,393 representing 24 species and 9 families. Dominant species and sub-dominant species were L. macrochirus (15.7%) and Carassius carassius (15.2%), respectively. The diversity index of two sampling site increased compared to previous investigation. The evenness index was not changed much in Andong reservoir but increased in Chuncheon reservoir. Ichthyofauna and community structure of fish at sampling sites in both reservoirs maintained stable except high proportion of exotics species with needed to be reduced by consistent effort. For better fish population in these communities, however, various efforts such as seed stocking and installment of artificial spawning ground should be provided to these reservoirs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1612-1615
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• 2009

Water supply reliability indexes (WSRI) is estimated for assessment of water supply capacity in the downstream for parallel reservoir system in Nakdong River, South Korea, using allocation rule (AR) according to the water supply capacity of each reservoir and the characteristic of parallel reservoir system. The result of the analyzing parallel reservoir system for Andong and Imha reservoir in Nakdong River does not include evidences available enough to decide whether the results of water supply analysis are excellent in the current reliability evaluation or not. However, AR (C) shows a good result in the water supply capacity for each reservoir based on the connected operation system and the total water supply capacity at the control point of downstream by the average water supply capacity and possible range of water supply capacity suggested by this study. The average water supply capacity is analyzed by the reliability of monthly average water supply capacity. Furthermore, the possible range of water supply capacity is estimated by the standard deviation when water deficit occurs. Therefore, AR (C) is useful to establish and estimate the planning water supply capacity according to the monthly water supply condition and the possible range of water supply capacity when the water supply capacity deficit occurs, South Korea.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4B
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• pp.221-232
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• 2012

In this study, the model enhancing the safety of reservoirs and reducing the downstream flood damage by reservoirs system operation during abnormal flood was developed. Linear programming was used for the optimal reservoirs system operation during an abnormal flood and fuzzy inference system was introduced to solve the uncertainty problem which is included in hydrological factors like inflow, water level and inflow variation of reservoir operation. The linear programming model determined the optimal reservoir system operation rules and could be used in situation where water demands varies rapidly during the abnormal flood events using fuzzy control technique. In this study, the optimal reservoirs system operation for Andong and Imha reservoirs located in the upper basin of Nakdong river was performed in order that the design flood discharge at Andong city would not be exceeded for the design flood of 100 year and PMF(Probable Maximum Flood). And the model that determines the release according to the downstream flow discharge, the reservoir storage, the inflow and the inflow variation of each reservoir was developed using the optimal system operation result and fuzzy control technique. The developed model consisted of 224 fuzzy rules according to the conditions of Andong reservoir, Imha reservoir and Andong city. And the release from each reservoir could be determined when the current data are used as input data through the developed GUI.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.360-366
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• 2008

The spatial and temporal variations of the high turbid water by a single event of heavy rain (total 299.1 mm and daily maximum 99.4 mm) were studied in Andong Reservoir, which has hypolimnetic discharges. Turbid water entered into the reservoir, was isolated from the bottom at the midreservoir and then passed through the metalimnion as an interflow current in the lacustrine zone. Maximum turbidity was 290 NTU at 16 m depth of the midreservoir, but the initial turbidity showed about 10 NTU in the reservoir before the rainfall. Turbid water in the reservoir affected to increase the withdrawal turbidity from the 3rd day after the rainfall, the maximum turbidity was 129 NTU at 5th day after the rainfall. Turbid water that flew towards the downreservoir distributed within 5 m above the outlet gate of the intake tower, showing the maximum turbidity, and that was decreased in its thickness and concentration by discharging through the intake tower. It has taken 38 days until the turbidity in the withdrawal reduced to 30 NTU, and 87 days to reduce the turbidity to the way when it was before the rainfall, with the correlation coefficient of 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. Turbid water was withdrawn from the reservoir by entraining into the intake tower as a form of the interflow, and not be settled down to the bottom of the reservoir. Therefore, we assessed that the depth of the withdrawal was appropriately positioned in Andong Reservoir, so as to withdraw the turbid water effectively from the reservoir.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2023

This study focused on determining the specific causes and prevention methods of mass fish deaths occurred in five reservoirs (Gagugi, Neupgokgi, Danggokgi, Sagokji, and Hangokji) in Andong-si. For this purpose, a survey of agricultural land and livestock in the upper part of the reservoirs and analysis of water quality in the reservoir irrespective of whether it rains or not were conducted. We attempted to examine the changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) in the surface and bottom layers of reservoirs and changes in DO depending on the amount of livestock compost and time. Based on the above investigations, treatment plans were established to efficiently control the inflow of contaminated water into reservoirs. The rainfall and farmland areas in the upper part of the reservoir were investigated using Google and aviation data provided by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport. The current status of livestock farms distributed around the reservoirs was also examined because compost from these farms can flow into the reservoir when it rains. Various water quality parameters, such as phosphate phosphorus (PO₄-P) and ammonium nitrogen (NH₃-N), were analyzed and compared for each reservoir during the rainy season. Changes in the DO concentration and electrical conductivity (EC) were also observed at the inlet of the reservoir during raining using an automated instrument. In addition, DO was measured until the concentration reached 0 ppm in 10 min by adding livestock compost at various concentrations (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% by wt.), where the concentration of the livestock compost represents the relative weight of rainwater. The DO concentration in the surface layer of reservoirs was 3.7 to 5.3 ppm, which is sufficient for fish survival. However, the fish could not survive at the bottom layer with DO concentration of 0.0-2.1 ppm. When the livestock compost was 0.3%, DO required 10-19 h to reach 0 ppm. Considering these results, it was confirmed that the DO in the bottom layer of the reservoir could easily change to an anaerobic state within 24 h when the livestock compost in the rainwater exceeds 0.3%. The results show that the direct cause of fish mortality is the inflow of excessive livestock compost into reservoirs during the first rainfall in spring. All the surveyed reservoirs had relatively good topographical features for the inflow of compost generated from livestock farms. This keeps the bottom layer of the reservoir free of oxygen. Therefore, to prevent fish death due to insufficient DO in the reservoir, measures should be undertaken to limit the amount of livestock compost flowing into the reservoir within 0.3%, which has been experimentally determined. As a basic countermeasure, minerals such as limestone, dolomite, and magnesia containing calcium and magnesium should be added to the compost of livestock farms around the reservoir. These minerals have excellent pollutant removal capabilities when sprayed onto the compost. In addition, measures should be taken to prevent fish death according to the characteristics of each reservoir.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.743-746
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• 2008

Recently, due to the effect of global warming and extreme rainfall, the magnitude of flood disaster and the frequency of flood is rapidly increasing. In order to mitigate the damage of human and property from this kind of meteorological phenomenon and manage water resources scientifically, effective operation of dam and reservoir is very important. In case of Andong dam which was not performed a flood control function needs to develop new types of dam safety management measure because of recent extraordinary flood by typhoons. In case of Andong dam and Imha dam, I am using HEC-5 model in order to apply reservoir simulation. In this case, complex conditions among 100-year floods , 200-year floods and PMF was used. Also, I modified the maximum outflow 3,800m3/s into 3,490m3/s and applied this modified discharge in order to secure freeboard in the downstream. In an analysis that I applied modified outflow by 100-year floods and 200-year floods to, the result showed that river didn't overflow in Andong area but some other places have relatively low freeboard. In the cases that I modified maximum outflow, results showed that freeboard of levee is larger than existed simulation. In the simulation that I applied 200-year floods and PMF to and under a condition connected with PMF, results showed overflowing the levees. Because of the difference between the frequency of dam outflow and the design flood in river, it is required to improve the existed flood plan in the downstream of Andong dam. As a result of this study, the optimal operation of reservoir systems can be proposed to mitigate the flood damage in the downstream of Andong dam and also can be used to establish the flood plans.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.261-269
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• 2006

In this study, an optimization technique was developed from the application of allocation rule. The results obtained from the water supply analysis and reliability indices analysis of Andong dam and Imha dam which are consist of parallel reservoir system are summarized as the followings; Allocation rule(C) is effective technique at the parallel reservoir system because results of the water supply analysis, storage analysis and reliability indices analysis is calculated reasonable results. Also, reliability indices analysis results are not sufficient occurrence based reliability or quantity based reliability. Thus reliability indices analysis are need as occurrence based reliability, quantity based reliability vulnerability, resilience, average water supply deficits and average storage. And water supply condition is better varying water supply condition than constant water supply condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.58.2-58.2
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.268-318
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• 2009

About twenty ancient reservoirs in Korea have been the subjects of the archaeological investigation. Some of them have been still remained today, but among them, only Byeokgolje of Gimje city(金堤碧骨堤) and Cheongje of Yeongcheon(永川菁堤) have been verified when they were constructed. According to the investigation, the first reservoir in Korea is Jeojeons-ri reservoir of Andong city(安東 苧田里 貯水池). The aim of this study is investigating the reservoirs by their historical values to preserve and utilize them.