• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.146-159
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• 2019

한국 고고학에서 토기는 그 출토 빈도만큼 많은 연구가 이루어진 유물이다. 지금까지는 주로 토기 표면에 시문된 문양이나 토기의 형태를 바탕으로 한 편년 연구들이 진행되어왔다. 하지만 연구자들의 주된 관심이 토기의 시간적 선후관계에 집중되어 토기 자체의 물리적 특성이나 토기에 잔존한 물질들을 연구하여 선사인들의 생활상을 복원해보는 시도는 상대적으로 부족했던 것이 사실이다. 본 연구에서 필자들은 한반도의 주요 선사 고대 유적에서 수습한 토기편에서 추출한 잔존유기물(Organic Residue)에 대한 GC-MS 분석과 안정동위원소 분석 결과를 바탕으로 선사시대 한반도의 토기 사용과 식생활에 관한 새로운 정보를 도출하고자 하였다. 산성을 띠는 한반도 토양의 특성으로 인해 유기물의 출토가 흔치 않은 상황에서 과거의 조리 활동으로 인해 토기 내부에 잔존해 있는 미량 유기물은 옛사람들의 식생활을 어림하는데 중요한 단서가 될 수 있다. 연구 결과, 각 유적의 시대와 입지에 따라 확연히 다른 생계 유형을 확인할 수 있었다. 내륙 깊숙이 자리한 춘천 중도 유적에서는 육상자원의 비중이 높음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 바닷가로의 접근이 가능한 광명 가학동 유적의 경우 해양자원을 소비한 증거를 확보할 수 있었다. 다른 한편으로, 선사시대에 속하는 위의 두 유적과는 시간적인 차이를 보이는 인천 구월동 삼국시대 유적에서는 지금까지 한국 고고학에서 크게 주목받지 못했던 낙농(酪農)의 가능성을 엿볼 수 있었다. 토기의 시간적인 선후관계 이외에 토기 자체에 대한 물리 화학적 연구가 활성화된다면 지금까지 알려지지 않았던 과거 사회에 관한 좀 더 많은 정보들이 도출될 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

This paper discusses Leon Battista Alberti's vision of the paradigmatic city. In his De re aedificatoria, Alberti proposes how the architecture of both individual buildings and cities should be ordered and embellished. Borrowing ideas from the ancient writers on one hand, and reflecting on actual urban reality on the other, Alberti proposes an ideal city where the sacred and the secular come together in hierarchical harmony, beautified under the principle of ornament. In Book VIII, dealing with secular public works of architecture, he writes about the composition of a new humanist city that transcends actual reality. Ornament, a central idea of his aesthetics, supports his conception of the paradigmatic city.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2019

최근 중국정부는 급속한 경제발전과 도시 확장 및 관광산업의 발달에 의해 역사 문화도시 훼손문제로 국가급의 유명한 역사 문화도시뿐만 아니라 역사적 문화적 전통성을 가지고 있는 중소도시의 역사경관을 꾸준히 보호하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 1980년대부터 역사문화자원으로서의 보호정책을 마련하고 지속적으로 역사경관을 관리해온 중국 중소도시인 산둥성 쯔보시 저우춘구(山東省 淄博市 周村區)에 위치하는 성급문화재 주촌고상성(周村古商城)을 대상지로 선정하여 이 도시의 문화재보호 및 주변지역 역사경관 보호계획의 발전과정을 살펴보고 그 특성을 고찰하였다. 사실, 주촌고상성 역사문화자원으로서의 보호계획은 1980년대 초에 시작되었으나, 실행 가능한 계획은 2001년의 "주촌대가역사가구 보호계획"에서 수립되었으며, 이 계획을 통해 '주촌대가 역사가구(歷史街區)' 구역은 관광계획, 도시계획 등의 다양한 계획이 수립되면서 역사문화지구에 대한 보호계획이 구체화되었다. 또한 2008년의 "주촌대가고상성지구 규제성상세계획"에서는 보호구역의 블록면적을 확장시켰다. 그러나 이러한 계획은 보호구역면적을 블록단위로 편성하여 작은 구역마다 단독으로만 적용되도록 하여 확장된 보호구역이 통일성을 이루지 못하는 문제를 야기하였다. 그 후 2015년 "규제성편성계획"에서 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 보호면적을 넓혀 통일성 있는 역사경관 및 도시경관을 조성하도록 하였다. 연구 결과, 이 세 가지 계획의 변화는 주촌고상성의 역사경관을 보호하기 위하여 2차원적인 규제에서 3차원적인 공간 밀도 경관에 대한 규제로 변화하였고, 또한 주변 도시경관과의 조화를 위한 면적인 확대로 이어졌다. 쯔보시 주촌고상성의 역사경관 관리계획은 2001년 계획을 시작으로 기본계획을 수립 후 상세계획으로 체계적으로 변화해왔다. 즉, 2001년의 계획을 통해 보호구역과 주변 환경정비를 위한 완충구역이 설정되었으며, 2008년 규제성상세계획을 통해 구체적 도시관리계획으로 나아가면서 보호구역, 건설제어구역, 환경조정구역으로 명칭이 바뀌었다. 그 후 2015년에는 저우춘구 전체구역까지 보호 관리하는 확장된 계획으로 주촌고상성 역사경관을 포함한 주변지역 도시경관까지 관리하고자 하였음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국연극학
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• 제48호
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• pp.485-507
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• 2012

Parodos, the side entrances to orchestra (acting space), was one of the intrinsic elements for the ancient Greek theatre structure. It is worth noting that parodos was the sole structural component that remained the original form while all the other elements such as orchestra, skene, and theatron experienced drastic or gradual changes in form throughout the passage of time. On the reason for parodo's maintenance of the original form, this study suggests a possibility that parodos could be the most intrinsic among the elements for Greek theatre buildings. For evidence, this paper indicates the historical fact that the procession tradition was the key event in the national or civic festival known as City Dionysia, and that the single-direction passageway, as seen in the Panathenaic Way passing through the City Athens, could be the easiest and most efficient way to realize the cause for the procession tradition that is the citizens' participation and subsequent unification. This study suggests another possibility that the single-direction passageway in the procession could be the archetype of parodos. For evidence, this study finds that this type of passageway was ubiquitous around the City Athens especially in the Agora, the most popular place in the city and the gateway to the processional event for Dionysian Cult as well as the space for the earliest Greek theatricality and, therefore, was familiar to the citizens. From the discussion, this paper argues that the Greek theatre should be the miniature of the Agora in terms of form (single-direction passageway) and function (civic participation and unification), and that parodos was the theatrical version of the processional passageway in the Dionysian Cult. In conclusion, this paper argues that parodos played a double role. It satisfied the theatrical necessity by functioning as the passageway to dramatic action (entrance and exit of actor/chorus) and as the literal door for the entrance of the audience members. At the same time, it satisfied the social cause, that is civic participation and subsequent unification, by functioning as the processional passage to relay the theatre space to civic events for the national religious cult.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2000

The purpose of this paper is to define the spatial scope and landscape structure of the capital city of Shilla Dynasty. We have tried to analyze the locational characteristics, the location and landscape form of the Yonggang-Dong pond site which was assumed a part of a king's place, and had the important implicitness in delineating the spatial scope of capital city of Shilla Dynasty. The research took the theory of landscape cognition as a tool, and processed with the book review related simultaneously. The results of study are as follows; 1) It has been almost conformed that the Yonggang-Dong Pond Site was a part of the North Palace of Shilla Dynasty, and it took the form of fully enclosed by the forest, such as the names of Imjungsu and Gosungsu, and so on. This fact has leaded to the special landscape form of 'Forest with Palace' that is an similar pattern of Forest with Tumulus, Forest having Well, Forest having Well, Forest having Mountain. Each of them is symbolizing the place of holiness in the Shilla Dynasty. 2) The Yonggang-Dong Pond site and its surrounding forests made them together be the north border of the Capital City of Shilla Dynasty. This fact made it possible to consider the form of landscape of the Najung Forest with Posugjung Pavilion as the same on which was on the southern border of the city. 3) The above mentioned facts lead to clues that the border of the capital city of Shilla Dynasty does mean that it was not the mere functional one, but symbolic one. Thus, this paper suggests that the spatial scope of the capital city of Shilla Dynasty should include not only the area of block system, but also the surrounding natural area of mountains, forests, and so on, including the artificial elements of palace and pavilion. 4) This type of borders with the natural elements show basically the different type and function. We could find out some examples from China's and Japan under the same block systems and in the same era. It should be more identifiable in the form and the meaning of landscape of the capital city of Silla Dynasty in ancient Korea.

• 도시과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2018

Due to the strong relationship between Baekje, one of the ancient Korean Kingdom and Japan through the same religion, Buddhism, it is possible to find many similarities in remains, such as temples, and pagodas, and in many relics, in both cities. However, from the point view of urban planning, Buyeo, originally designed as the fortress city, has a different city planning strategies from that of Kyoto which is a straight-lined city. After Buyeo was destroyed by Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms in Korea, it got deemphasized in Korean history. Later, Buyeo's recent city planning was directly affected and implanted in Japanese Imperialism period (1910-1945) one which emphasizes the layout of Japanese temple which serves as the center of the ceremonies for their ancestors. Thus, it is possible to find cultural interrelation in urban planning between two cities throughout the history of Korea and Japan.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2022

The ancient underground cities are a collection of self-supporting spaces that have been manually excavated in the soil or rock in the past. Because these structures have a very high cultural value due to their age, the study of their stability under the influence of natural hazards, such as earthquakes, is very important. In this research, while introducing the underground city of Ouyi Nushabad located in the center of Iran as one of the largest man-made underground cities of the old world, the analysis of dynamic stability is performed. For this purpose, the dynamic stress-displacement analysis has been performed through numerical modeling using the finite element software PLAXIS. At this stage, by simulating the Khorgo earthquake as one of the large-scale earthquakes that occurred in Iran, with a magnitude of 6.9 on the Richter scale, dynamic analysis by time history method has been performed on three selected sections of underground spaces. This study shows that the maximum amount of horizontal and vertical dynamic displacement is 12.9 cm and 17.7 cm, respectively, which was obtained in section 2. The comparison of the results shows that by increasing the cross-sectional area of the excavation, especially the distance between the roof and the floor, in addition to increasing the amount of horizontal and vertical dynamic displacement, the obtained maximum acceleration is intensified compared to the mapping acceleration applied to the model floor. Therefore, preventive actions should be taken to stabilize the excavations in order to prevent damage caused by a possible earthquake.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.169-170
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• 2003

The existence of coastal terraces, HH(High higher) surfaces found at Gampo of southeast coast and at Jeongdongjin of the central east coast were confirmed at Jigyeong-Ri, the areal border between Gyeongju- and Ulsan city on the southeast coast of Korea Peninsula. Especially this study reports HH JK-surface located on the 155m a.s.l., which is the highest altitude among the ancient shorelines of the coastal terraces in Korea. The HH surfaces on the study area are classified into HH JK at 155m, HH-I at 140m and HH-II at 115m, and each formation stage is related to MIS 17(720∼690ka BP), MIS 15(630∼560ka BP) and MIS 13(510∼480ka BP) respectively. The HH-surfaces remain to be larger than those of H- and L-surfaces. The reason is caused by the unique factors of the coastal geology and morphology on the study area during the formation stage. And also the areal difference by the magnitude of upheaval doesn't exist from north to south because the altitude system of ancient shoreline on each coastal terrace is same along the east coast. The upheaval rate of the eastern coastal areas was measured in the relation to the ancient shoreline and formation stage among the coastal terraces such as HH JK-, HH-I, HH-II, H-III and H-IY surface, and was almost same as 0.23mm/y.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.572-587
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• 2021

최근 문화적 도시재생이 문화관광의 화두로 떠오르고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 문화적 도시재생 지역의 관광객이 느끼는 목적지 브랜드 경험이 진정성과 재방문의도에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 실증 분석 대상은 중국의 대표적인 문화관광 성공사례인 태아장 고성으로 선택하였으며, 방문 경험이 있는 중국인 관광객을 표본으로 삼았다. 연구 결과, 목적지 브랜드 경험의 하위 요인에서 감각 경험, 정서 경험, 지적 경험이 목적지 진정성의 객관적 진정성에 유의적 영향을 미쳤으며, 정서 경험, 지적 경험이 목적지 진정성인 실존적 진정성에 유의한 영향을 미치고 목적지 진정성이 재방문의도에 유의적인 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 노스탤지어가 목적지 브랜드 경험이 목적지 진정성과 재방문의도 사이에 조절효과가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 중국 고성 문화적 도시재생을 알아볼 수 있는 것뿐만 아니라 중국 관광객의 실증적 연구를 통하여 중국 관광객의 목적지 브랜드 경험과 진정성, 행동 간의 관계를 파악하였다는 점에서 학술적 시사점을 가진다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2017

In this study, geomorphological and geological research has been carried out to estimate the possibility of ancient port location near Hwaseong Dangseong. Geomorphological characteristics around Eunsupo were analyzed through comparison of past and present topographic maps and field survey. Grain size, age dating, and geochemical analysis on surface sediments and borehole sediments were performed. Through the geomorphological characteristics analysis, it was interpreted that Eunsupo area was submerged in seawater especially at high tide in the past, and that ships could approach to the inside of the area through the tidal channel which were developed in the area. It is also assumed that ships were anchored at a low elevation point in the area. The paleo-environmental change in the area was analyzed based on the classification of sedimentary environment using grain size distribution of surface and borehole sediments and geochemical analysis. It was confirmed that the geomorphological interpretation for the possibility of ancient port location coincided well with the paleo-environmental change interpreted through sediment analysis. This study is a basic study for estimating ancient port location, and it is expected that more accurate paleo-environmental changes will be restored through detailed geomorphological survey and additional borehole analysis in the future research.