• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.275-283
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• 2009

The "Naegyeongseupyubangron(內經拾遺方論)", written by Nakyonggil(駱龍吉), is an ancient book of Bangron(方論). The exact time period of this book is unknown. To estimate its written time, we compared the contents of this book to other sources on the cause of diseases, the description of symptoms, the transmission of diseases, and treatments. In addition, we analyzed the features of the book by comparing it to other books of Bangron(方論). As a result, we estimated the approximate time period that it was written and gained a better understanding of the ancient medicine. We reached several conclusions through this study. 1. The approximate time period of "Naegyeongseupyubangron(內經拾遺方論)" is that of the Southern Song(南宋) dynasty of China, probably after "Saminbang(三因方)" between 1174 and 1279. 2. Nakyonggil(駱龍吉) was influenced by Wangbing(王冰), Sonsamak(孫思邈), Yuhagan(劉河間), Jinmutaek(陳無擇). and he influenced "Uibanggo(醫方考)". 3. The "Naegyeongseupyubangron(內經拾遺方論)" is the most comprehensive book among the books of Bangron(方論) because of its analysis of the "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" and its connection to the treatment of ancient diseases in Oriental Medical History.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.225-242
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• 1996

The author studied to determine the sex and age of 8 ancient human skeletal remains, which had excavated from ancient tombs located in Yeanri, Kimhae. Some kinds of personal identification methods their skulls and teeth were used for this study and the results were obtained as follows : 1. Sex determination was possible in ancient teeth from 4th to 5th century, using detection of X-Y homologous amelogenin gene by polymerase chain reaction. 2. DNA analysis proved that the materials examined were all male, but which always did not coincide with the results from other methods for sex determination including comparison of sexual differentiation of cranium and teeth and use of discriminant functions in the dental measurement. 3. There was little difference of the estimated ages between the methods by regression of pulp cavity and attrition in teeth. The ages from these two methods always did not coincide with ones from evaluation closure of cranial and palatal sutures. 4. Sex and age of the materials were determined as follows ; $\cdot$ Y9 was estimated to be male in early sixties. $\cdot$ Yl2 was estimated to be male in late twenties to early thirties. $\cdot$ Y37 was estimated to be male in early forties. $\cdot$ Y70 was estimated to be male in early sixties. $\cdot$ Y87 was estimated to be male in late forties. $\cdot$ Y109 was estimated to be male in early forties. $\cdot$ Yl29 was estimated to be male in late thirties to early forties. $\cdot$ Yl42 was estimated to be male in late fifties to early sixties.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

Objectives : There are many causes that may affect efficacy of a drug but the time of administration for the Herbal Medicine is among the most important factors. Traditionally, administration of medicine was prohibited during the meal time along with food and the time of administration has been highly regarded in medical practitioners. The rules of administration time are stated in a book titled, "Materia Medica" but it lacked the details and index. Thus, the systemized administration rules for Herbal Medicine were prepared. Methods : The rules were drawn from both ancient teachings and the experiences from modern clinics. Ancient teachings about the administration are focused on treatment of a disease by utilizing biorhythm of the body in accordance of changes in Yin and Yang and Day and Night. Results : It means the medicine should be prepared and administered at the appropriate time of the day and this type of administration method is thought to be superior to the western method such as "once a day" or "twice a day in the morning and evening" that does not take consideration of cold, hot, warm and cool properties of the medicine. If the prescription is assigning appropriate medicine, administration time is an important method of maximizing drug efficacy. Conclusion : With the ancient teaching in mind, it was concluded that, the drug administration time must be determined with regard to properties of the drug and the condition of the patient.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.95-105
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine the preparing methods of the traditional acupuncture needle and to interpret the electromagnetic meaning intervened in them. Methods : The overall manufacturing processes of the acupuncture needles in ancient books were surveyed. And the facts that special functional activities were carried out in common in the preparing processes were detected. The reproduction tests for the detected former functional activities were followed. Results : According to the ancient medical books, the traditional acupuncture needles were treated with the magnet through the preparing processes. The reproduction tests provided the fact that the ferromagnetic iron needles treated with the magnet were enhanced their magnetisms. And major techniques of the ancient supplementation and draining can be interpreted as magnetic or induced electromagnetic actions. Conclusions : Considering the electromagnetic characteristics of human body, the magnet treated ferromagnetic iron needles of ancient era and magnetic or induced electromagnetic interpretable manipulation techniques are the historical evidences of magnetic activities of acupuncture. So modern acupuncture therapy should be understood, studied, and reinterpreted as an electromagnetic viewpoint.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2014

Objectives : There are plenty of medical record of acupuncture & moxibustion in Traditional East Asian medicine(TEAM). We performed this study to find out the hidden criteria lies on this record to choose proper acupoints. Methods : "Zhenjiuzishengjing", ancient TEAM book was analysed using document clustering techniques. Corpus was made from this book. It contained 196 texts driven from each symptoms. Each texts converted to vector representing frequency of 349 acupoints. Distance of vectors calculated by weighted Euclidean distance method. According to this distances, hierarchical clustering of symptoms was builded. Results : The cluster consisted of five large groups. they had high corelation with body part; head and face, chest, abdomen, upper extremity, lower extremity, back. Conclusions : It assumes that body part of symptom is the most importance criteria of acupoints selecting. some high similar symptom vectors consolidated this result. the other criteria is cause and pathway of illness. some symptoms bound together which had common cause and pathway.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2007

In Korea tumors occurred frequently, and the tumor medicine used to treat them developed. Because tumors due to Koreans' physical constitution and environment and there has always been an impeding need for a cure, traces of such efforts can be found throughout Korean medical history. During the mid-Chosun dynasty, the government founded a government office that specialized in curing tumors. This study observes the establishment and operation of this institution.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.327-329
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• 2011

Even though Taenia spp. eggs are occasionally discovered from archeological remains around the world, these eggs have never been discovered in ancient samples from Korea. When we attempted to re-examine the archeological samples maintained in our collection, the eggs of Taenia spp., 5 in total number, were recovered from a tomb of Gongju-si. The eggs had radially striated embryophore, and $37.5-40.0\;{\mu}m{\times}37.5\;{\mu}m$ in size. This is the first report on taeniid eggs from ancient samples of Korea, and it is suggested that intensive examination of voluminous archeological samples should be needed for identification of Taenia spp.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2007

Uibanyuchwi, published in 1477, includes the contents of many lost ancient Korean and Chinese medicine documents. Through studying Uibanyuchwi, the ancient Korean pediatry medical document Bodongbiyo could be restored. Bodongbiyo was Korea's representative medical document of the pediatry field that was used until early Chosun dynasty. It was influenced by China's Big medical text, Taepyungseonghaebang and many mineral and animal medical stuffs are listed there. This was influenced by its contemporary factors.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.252-263
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• 2019

Objectives : This research aimed to 1) analyze the true meanings of the chapter, 'Wigi Haeng (Wei Qi Xing), the movement of guard qi' in Youngchu (Ling Shu) from the point of view of ancient Chinese Astronomy, 2) calculate the speed of Wigi over 24 Chinese seasons, 3) analyze the true meaning of daytime and nighttime in the chapter. Methods : 1) The chapter 'Wigi Haeng' was analyzed using concepts of ancient Chinese astronomy, 2) the records of angular distances of 28 constellations in the Book of Han (Han Shu) were used to analyze the meanings, and 3) the records of lengths of daytime and nighttime in the Book of Hou Han (Hou Han Shu) were used to calculate the speed of Wigi. Results : 1) The author of the chapter 'Wigi Haeng' did not consider the irregularity in the angular distances of the 28 Chinese constellations (Su). 2) The commentary in the Huangjenaegyong Taeso (Huang Di Nei Jing Tai Su) about the constellations in the chapter is correct. 3) The speed of Wigi changes in daytime and nighttime depending on the seasons. 4) When the speed of Wigi increases in daytime, the speed in nighttime decreases, and vice versa. 5) The beginning of daytime in 'Wigi Haeng' is not the time of sunrise but the time of dawn (2.5 Gak before sunrise). The nighttime ends 2.5 Gak after sunset. Conclusions : 1) The chapter 'Wigi Haeng' demonstrates the ancient astronomical point of view on the universe and the movement of Wigi. The speed of Wigi is variable. 2) This chapter does not address the irregularity in the angular distances of the 28 Su. 3) More research is needed on the meaning of daytime and nighttime in 'Wigi Haeng'.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.565-572
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• 2016

Whilst archaeological evidence for many aspects of life in ancient China is well studied, there has been much less interest in ancient infectious diseases, such as intestinal parasites in past Chinese populations. Here, we bring together evidence from mummies, ancient latrines, and pelvic soil from burials, dating from the Neolithic Period to the Qing Dynasty, in order to better understand the health of the past inhabitants of China and the diseases endemic in the region. Seven species of intestinal parasite have been identified, namely roundworm, whipworm, Chinese liver fluke, oriental schistosome, pinworm, Taenia sp. tapeworm, and the intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski. It was found that in the past, roundworm, whipworm, and Chinese liver fluke appear to have been much more common than the other species. While roundworm and whipworm remained common into the late 20th century, Chinese liver fluke seems to have undergone a marked decline in its prevalence over time. The iconic transport route known as the Silk Road has been shown to have acted as a vector for the transmission of ancient diseases, highlighted by the discovery of Chinese liver fluke in a 2,000 year-old relay station in northwest China, 1,500 km outside its endemic range.