• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.235-249
• /
• 2021

Objectives : Acupoint LU6 (Gongchoe) is known as an acupoint for the treatment of pain and bleeding caused by hemorrhoids. The purpose of this study was to critically review acupoint LU6 for treating hemorrhoids. Methods : We searched both ancient and modern literature of acupuncture and moxibustion using keywords "Gongchoe" and "hemorrhoids". We further performed an online ancient literature search for crosscheck. The searched literature was stratified by country (Korea, China, and Japan), and data were organized chronologically. Concerning literature related to hemorrhoids, data based on acupuncture treatment were compiled. Results : The bone proportional measurement of the forearm had been 12.5 cun until the Qing Dynasty but was recorded as 10 cun in "Shinkyushinzui," and the majority of modern Japanese and Korean literature indicated it as 10 cun. Gongchoe for treating hemorrhoids has been reported in the literature, including "Shinkyushinzui" (Japan, 1941), "Shiyoungzongguozhenjiujingxuexue" (Taiwan, 1963), "Gyeonghyeolhak" (Korea, 1971), and "Jinzhenmeihuashichao" (China, late Qing dynasty), but except "Jinzhenmeihuashichao", the location is different from the World Health Organization (WHO) standard acupoint location as it is 7 cun from the wrist out of 10 cun of the forearm bone proportional measurement. In addition, classical guides published until the Qing Dynasty did not report acupoint LU6 for the treatment of hemorrhoids. Conclusions : It is necessary to distinguish between Gongchoe in "Shinkyushinzui" and LU6 in WHO standard acupuncture point locations. Gongchoe (LU6)'s primary treatment for hemorrhoids has not been described in the classical literature, and further clinical evidence is needed to support it. When using Gongchoe for hemorrhoids, we should consider that the location of Gongchoe is closer to the LU5 than the standard acupuncture point locations and it is meaningful not only for treatment but also for diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.39
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 1998

This study researchs forms of Egyptian religious dress for studying formation-process of religious dress and its ornament. The study goes abreast literature and the very spot's materials also divides god's dress, priest's. Ancient an egytian worshiped mainly animals, step by step animal's humanization. So gods were expressed animal's face and human's body. Egypt god's costume is 1st, to take off upper hament and wear loin cloth on trousers 2nd only to wear short sheath skirt. 3rd to wear shout sheath skirt and to skirt and to wear loin cloth on there 4th to cover whole body and to open hand like mummy. Egype goddess' costume is largely to wear long sheath skirt up to the ankle and we can see selkit goddess's figure that wearing kalasiris after new dynesty. Priest had been a bald head and worn loin cloth and surrounded leopard's skin on there, but after the period of empire, worn a wig and worn less stoically. Also god had hung the lion's tail at symbol of the dignity and priest had put on sandals for a ceremony.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.13 no.3 s.31
• /
• pp.268-285
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this thesis is to understand the concrete forms of the traditional Chinese trousers and finally to compare the forms and cuts of the Chinese, Japanese and Korean trousers, which shared the same form in the beginning. The literature survey helps to draw the following conclusions: 1. The first trousers of ancient China were adapted from the nomadic people of the North Asia. 2. The ancient Chinese had both forms of trousers consited of(a) I-letter typed crotch line and (b)$\lambda$-letter typed crotch-line. 3. The folk trousers of China consist mainly of $\lambda$-letter typed seamline which is the trouser form shared among some of the North-Eastern Asiatic people. 4. The open trousers are worn over the closed crotch trousers. 5. The open crotch trousers seems to be developed from the leggings of the nomadic people.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 1993

There are record that ancient Korean WOOl fabrics male from sheep, camel, rabbit. bear, horse. calile, raccoon dog, fox and so on. Wool fiber fabriher were also reported Kye, Gal, China, Tap Dung, Kuyu anul ram. These wool fabrics wre named amongling to their fineness and weaving method in the fabric. Technology of wool fabric weaving was developed and from Sam Kuk dynasties to to Koryo Dynasty wool fabrics were reported to weave and trade to China, Japan and Arabia. These fabrics were mainly used as clothes, rugs or blankets. In Koryo Dynasty, especially Kye Kurn was used for trading goods to China. There is another record that two thousand sheep, camels offord Koryo by Yo and Kum Dynasty. In this study, the characteristics of Korean wool fabrics will be disscussed from the literature survey of the relevant references.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.441-460
• /
• 2002

Funeral culture, which came to being along with the death of human beings, has developed through many changes in the background, culture, religion and custome of the times, having variant cultures depending on each nation or era. This study is designed to historically and systematically classify funeral rituals and costumes which have constantly changed in a special funeral culture from ancient times to modern times so as to investigate the features of each age. The researcher worked on Western funeral cultures, focusing on Egypt and Rome of ancient times, Creek times, the Middle Ages, recent and modern times ages, referring to literature, precedent studies, domestic and international technical books, pictures and drawings in relation to death and funeral services. Western funeral rituals were designed for offering condolence to the dead, but also used to show off the status of the mourners and the position of the dead persons. The mourning dress were utilized to indicate mourning in accordance with the colors, materials and the ways of wearing them, serving as a vehicle for showing off one's own status.

• 중국학논총
• /
• no.61
• /
• pp.49-75
• /
• 2019

Three types of plural forms are discovered in the ancient literature 《Chung-ui-jig-eon》: propositional plural markers placed in front of the main word - either noun or pronoun, postpositional plural markers placed behind the main word, and pro-/postpositional mixed plural markers. The Mongolian Rule in China during Yuan Dynasty caused the osmotic linguistic imperialism of the Mongolian over the Chinese language. Mongolian language - an Altaiian language which is postpositional - dominantly influenced the Chinese language - which is a propositional language. In addition, the previous usage of '輩', '等', '伟', '满' in Ancient Chinese, made it easier for '每' to be accepted and grammaticalized as a plural marker. The grammaticalization of '每' had been progressed through the reinterpretation of '每' in the structure of 'S(NP)+每+VP'. As a result, '每' had started to be widely used as a postpositional plural ending behind noun or pronoun, regardless of its position in the sentence.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• v.3
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 2003

In the oral literature of the Mongolians such as folk-tales, legend, epics, poetry, songs, riddles etc., there are endless examples describing various stories about the origin of the costumes, ornaments and accessories, or the way how they were designed and changed with the times and how they correspond with relevant customs, public rituals and etiquette in general. In this paper we argue that every piece of the Mongolian national costumes and wear in general has specific meaning and symbolism, which is still the miraculous universe waiting to be unveiled properly. As for the Mongolians, the costumes and accessories mean the treasury of intellectual culture of their own as well as their daily necessities of life. There are still many undiscovered features of ancient national culture, apart from characteristics of various tribes and clans of the Mongolians.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2019

Objectives : This paper seeks to contribute to restoring ancient literature related to Bianque through literature analysis of the fifth volume of "Maijing(脈經)". Methods : Literature referenced in the fifth volume of "Maijing(脈經)" which are "Huangdineijing(黃帝內經)", "Nanjing(難經)" among others were examined. Results & Conclusions : The fifth volume of "Maijing(脈經)" cites "Huangdineijing(黃帝內經)", "Nanjing(難經)", "Bixi Zhenfa(敝昔診法)", "Ni Shun Wu Se Mai Zang Yan Jing Shen(逆順五色脈藏驗精神)" etc. Based on the question and answer format of the text, it seems the fifth volume of "Maijing(脈經)" is a collective of three different lines of medical texts. It shows traces of Bianque's Zangfu theory where the Stomach is considered as one of the Five Zangs instead of the Spleen. It also contains the diagnostic method of symptom expression time based on distance between sites of pathological expression. Moreover, description of the number of pulses during one cycle of breathing (inhale/exhale) indicates that the early theories of the Bianque School has been preserved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.83-98
• /
• 2023

This study summarizes the research methods, subjects, research processes, and achievements of major researchers by analyzing previous research results on Korean food history. The goal of the current study aimed to seek the methodology and direction of 'food history research'. Literature data from 1945 to 2022 were examined. Results of excavation research on ancient food literature were divided into the following stages: the 1980s, when the foundation for 'cataloging' was laid, and the 2000s, when 'digitization' was achieved. Achievements of each period were collected, and the achievements and limitations were analyzed. Next, the research results were classified into 'Food technology history', 'Recipe change history', and 'Food culture and dietary history'. We observed that around the 2000s, anthropology and folklore research perspectives were reflected, and the research on 'history of diet' reached a turning point. Our results indicate the possibility that food history can develop as a special historical area. This could be achieved by establishing an exchange system with other disciplines and creating a systematic curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.121-135
• /
• 2003

Objectives & Methods : This study was designed to investigate acupunture and moibustion for leukorrhea through literature research. We extracted the parts and acupuncture and moxibustion forleukorrhea from ancient and modern oriental medical literature. Results & Conclusions : The acupoint used on acupunture only were 66 acupoints. The acupoints used often were SP6, GB26, LR2, CV6, SP9, BL30, BL32 in order and the meridians used often were BL, SP, CV, LR, KI, ST in order. The acupoint used on moxibustion only were 35 acupoints. The acupoints used often were CV3, BL30, GV4, CV8, SP6 in order and the meridians used often were CV, BL, SP, KI, LR in order. In case of comparative investigation about acupuncture & moxa point being found in the literature of the past and the modern age, in the past literature, acupoints curing a disease of internal genitals in women were selected. But on the other hand, in the modern literature, acupuncture points were selected by differentiation of symptoms and signs.