• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.67-70
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• 2005

In this study, an experimental investigation of the strength of R/C columns with 300mm square sections confined by head anchorage bar is presented. This initial phase of research considers only axial loading and consists of a total of 7 column tests. The main variables are distance and anchorage type of transverse reinforcement such as standard hooks and headed bar. The purpose of this study is to investigate the confinement effect and strength increment by head and to propose the confinement model for column using the head at end of lateral tie. Also, the test results for ultimate strength and strength gain factor of columns in this study and previous study is compared with the existing analytical models. Based on the test results, the Saatcioglu's model estimates confinement effects was closed to experimental value and the developed analytical approach considered the head was capable of predicting the strength gain factor results with a resonable accuracy.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.587-604
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• 2015

The hybrid-type penalty method (HPM) is suitable for representing failure phenomena occurring during the transition from continua to discontinua in materials such as concrete. Initiation and propagation of dominant cracks and branching of cracks can easily be modeled as a discrete crack. The HPM represents a discrete crack by eliminating the penalty that represents the separation of the elements at the intersection boundary. This treatment is easy because no change in the degrees of freedom for the discrete crack is necessary. In addition, it is important to evaluate the correct deformation of the continua before the crack formation is initiated. To achieve this, we implemented a constitutive model of concrete for the HPM. In this paper, we explain the implemented constitutive model and describe the simulation of an anchor bolt pullout test using the HPM demonstrating its capability for evaluating progressive failure.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.225-226
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• 2022

The construction industry, which has a labour-intensive and conservative nature, is exclusive to adopt new technologies. However, the construction industry is viably introducing the 4th Industrial Revolution technologies represented by artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, robotics and unmanned transportation to promote change into a smart industry. An image-based artificial intelligence technology is a field of computer vision technology that refers to machines mimicking human visual recognition of objects from pictures or videos. The purpose of this article is to explore image-based artificial intelligence technologies which would be able to apply to the construction sites. In this study, we show two examples which is one for a construction waste classification model and another for cast in-situ anchor bolts defection detection model. Image-based intelligence technologies would be used for various measurement, classification, and detection works that occur in the construction projects.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2003

This paper may provide a basic design data for the safer car seat mechanism and the quality of the material used by finding out the passenger's dynamic behavior when protected by seat belt during collision. A computer simulation with finite element method is used to accomplish this objective. At first, a detailed geometric model of the seat is constructed using CAD program. The formation of a finite element from a geometric data of the seat is carried out using Hyper-Mesh that is the commercial software for mesh generation and post processing. In addition to seat modeling, the finite element model of seat belt and dummy is formed using the same software. Rear impact analysis is accomplished using Pam-Crash with crash pulse. The part of the recliner and right frame is under big stress in rear crash analysis because the acceleration force is exerted on the back of the seat by dummy. The stress condition of the part of the bracket is checked as well because it is considered as an important variable on the seat design. Front impact model which including dummy and seal belt is analyzed. A Part of anchor buckle of seat frame has high stress distribution because of retraction force due to forward motion of dummy at the moment of collision. On the basis of the analysis result, remodeling and reanalysis works had been repeatedly done until a satisfactory result is obtained.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2003

기존 상호인증 모델이 이론적인 모델로써 보다 구체적인 실제 상호인증에 필요한 많은 부분들이 정의되지 않거나 구체적으로 표준을 어떻게 사용하여야 하는지에 대하여 명확히 설명하지 못하여 이를 해결하기 위해서 상호인증, 인증서를 통한 국제상호인증 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해서 인증기관 간 필요한 인증서 프로파일을 제안하고, 이를 보관할 디렉토리 서버에 필요한 스키마를 설계하고, 인증기관이 다른 기관에서 제공하는 저장매체에 손쉽게 접근하도록 하기 위해 PKCS＃11을 통한 표준 방식을 제안하여 확장성과 편리성을 제공하고자 한다. 또한 서로 다른 응용 애플리케이션에서 상호인증서 사용 시 CRL을 통한 인증서 검증을 위한 인증서 경로 획득에 대한 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2022년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.625-627
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• 2022

In the construction and development of modern industrial production technology, the traditional technology management mode is faced with many problems such as low qualification rates and high application costs. In the research, an improved workpiece defect detection method based on deep learning is proposed, which can control the application cost and improve the detection efficiency of irregular defects. Based on the research of the current situation of deep learning applications, this paper uses the improved Faster R-CNN network structure model as the core detection algorithm to automatically locate and classify the defect areas of the workpiece. Firstly, the robustness of the model was improved by appropriately changing the depth and the number of channels of the backbone network, and the hyperparameters of the improved model were adjusted. Then the deformable convolution is added to improve the detection ability of irregular defects. The final experimental results show that this method's average detection accuracy (mAP) is 4.5% higher than that of other methods. The model with anchor size and aspect ratio (65,129,257,519) and (0.2,0.5,1,1) has the highest defect recognition rate, and the detection accuracy reaches 93.88%.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.5-19
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• 2018

지반앵커의 정착장에 작용하는 정착응력 분포 특성은 매우 비선형적이며 공학적인 메카니즘이 비교적 복잡하기 때문에 다양한 지반조건 및 비선형적 주면전단거동을 구체적으로 모사하여 지반앵커를 설계하는데 어려움이 크다. 이런 한계로 인하여 현재 대부분의 관련 설계 기준서에는 편의상 정착장 전장에 걸쳐 일정한 주면전단응력분포를 가정하여 설계에 적용하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 인장형 앵커의 인발거동 특성을 분석하기 위하여 풍화토 지반조건을 대상으로 현장인발시험을 수행하였으며 이를 토대로 앵커 정착장의 주면전단거동을 정립하고, 정착장 거동특성을 비교적 간편하게 예측하기 위한 다중선형모델 및 이를 적용한 해석적 기법을 제안하였다. 현장시험결과와 해석적 결과가 상호 유사하게 나타남에 따라 본 연구에서 제시된 다중선형모델 및 이를 이용한 해석적 기법의 적용성 및 유효성을 확인할 수 있었다. 정착장 주면전단거동의 경우 최대인발하중 보다 작은 하중조건에서는 정착장 시작점에서 최대전단응력이 분포하게 되나 최대인발하중이 발생한 이후부터는 정착장 시작점에서 전단응력이 가장 작게 분포하고, 정착장 시작점으로부터 일정거리 이격된 지점에서 최대전단응력이 발생함을 확인하였다.

• 한국심리학회지:법
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.329-347
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• 2020

사람들은 불확실한 상황에서 판단을 내릴 때 외부에서 주어진 정보의 영향을 받아 그 정보의 근사치로 판단을 내리는 경향이 있으며 이를 정박효과(anchoring effect)라고 한다. 본 연구에서는 배심원들이 사법적 의사결정을 내릴 때 나타나는 정박효과를 연구 문제로 설정하였다. 사법적 의사결정 상황에서는 검사구형량이 정박점으로 작용하여 최종 판결되는 양형이 검사구형량과 유사해지는 현상이 나타난다. 본 연구는 배심원 자격이 있는 만 20세 이상의 대학생들을 대상으로 진행되었다. 연구 1에서는 범죄사건의 경중과 정박크기에 따른 정박효과의 차이를 검증하였다. 그 결과 중범죄사건에서 경범죄사건에 비해 정박효과가 더 강하게 나타났다. 또한 경범죄사건의 저정박 조건에서 고정박 조건에 비해 정박효과가 더 강하게 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 정서상태에 따라 정박효과가 달라짐을 검증하였다. 그 결과 분노정서를 느낄 때 슬픔정서를 느낄 때보다 정박효과가 강하게 나타났다. 마지막으로 정박효과를 약화시키는 방안에 대한 연구 3에서는, 정박효과의 접근가능성 모델이 활성화되는 것을 방지할 때 정박효과가 유의미하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과들은 배심원의 사법적 의사결정과정에서 나타나는 정박효과와 관련된 문제들을 파악하고 해결하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2023

The slope of an open cut tunnel is located above the exit of the Leijia tunnel on the Changgan high-speed railway. During the excavation of the open cut tunnel foundation pit, the slope slipped twice, a large landslide of 92500 m³ formed. The landslide body and unstable slope body not only caused the foundation pit of the open cut tunnel to be buried and the anchor piles to be damaged but also directly threatened the operational safety of the later high-speed railway. Therefore, to study the stability change in the slope of the open cut tunnel under heavy rain and excavation conditions, a 3D numerical calculation model of the slope is carried out by Midas GTS software, the deformation mechanism is analyzed, anti-sliding measures are proposed, and the effectiveness of the anti-sliding measures is analyzed according to the field monitoring results. The results show that when rainfall occurs, rainwater collects in the open cut tunnel area, resulting in a transient saturation zone on the slope on the right side of the open cut tunnel, which reduces the shear strength of the slope soil; the excavation at the slope toe reduces the anti-sliding capacity of the slope toe. Under the combined action of excavation and rainfall, when the soil above the top of the anchor pile is excavated, two potential sliding surfaces are bounded by the top of the excavation area, and the shear outlet is located at the top of the anchor pile. After the excavation of the open cut tunnel, the potential sliding surface is mainly concentrated at the lower part of the downhill area, and the shear outlet moves down to the bottom of the open cut tunnel. Based on the deformation characteristics and the failure mechanism of the landslides, comprehensive control measures, including interim emergency mitigation measures and long-term mitigation measures, are proposed. The field monitoring results further verify the accuracy of the anti-sliding mechanism analysis and the effectiveness of anti-sliding measures.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2020

Polycystic kidney disease 2-like-1 (PKD2L1), also known as polycystin-L or TRPP3, is a non-selective cation channel that regulates intracellular calcium concentration. Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium binding protein, consisting of N-lobe and C-lobe with two calcium binding EF-hands in each lobe. In previous study, we confirmed that CaM is associated with desensitization of PKD2L1 and that CaM N-lobe and PKD2L1 EF-hand specifically are involved. However, the CaM-binding domain (CaMBD) and its inhibitory mechanism of PKD2L1 have not been identified. In order to identify CaM-binding anchor residue of PKD2L1, single mutants of putative CaMBD and EF-hand deletion mutants were generated. The current changes of the mutants were recorded with whole-cell patch clamp. The calmidazolium (CMZ), a calmodulin inhibitor, was used under different concentrations of intracellular. Among the mutants that showed similar or higher basal currents with that of the PKD2L1 wild type, L593A showed little change in current induced by CMZ. Co-expression of L593A with CaM attenuated the inhibitory effect of PKD2L1 by CaM. In the previous study it was inferred that CaM C-lobe inhibits channels by binding to PKD2L1 at 16 nM calcium concentration and CaM N-lobe at 100 nM. Based on the results at 16 nM calcium concentration condition, this study suggests that CaM C-lobe binds to Leu-593, which can be a CaM C-lobe anchor residue, to regulate channel activity. Taken together, our results provide a model for the regulation of PKD2L1 channel activity by CaM.