• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2015

피부는 신체에서 가장 크고 육중한 기관 중 하나로 인간의 생리 및 병리 과정에 참여한다. 피부는 자기 유지 및 치유, 기계적 및 화학적 손상 방어, 자외선 과 외부 병원성 미생물로부터의 방어, 비타민 D 합성 그리고 사회 심리적 기능을 한다고 알려져 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 한국 여성의 부위와 연령에 따라 피부 생물학 인자와 연관된 생물리학 인자의 변화를 평가하는 데 있다. 20 ~ 49세의 약 70명의 건강한 성인 여성이 이 실험에 참여하였다. 측정부위는 하박 내측과 뺨으로 진행하였다. 인체 피부의 생물리학 인자를 측정하기 위하여 여러 가지 비침습적인 방법으로 진행하였다. 피부의 생물학 인자를 분석하기 위하여 코티졸, 파이브로넥틴, 케라틴-1, 10, 11, 인보루크린, 케라틴 6를 인체의 얼굴과 하박내측으로 비교하였다. 또한 비침습적 방법으로 피부 생물리학 인자는 피부 부위와 연령에 따른 차이를 측정하였다. 측정 부위에 따른 결과, 각질층 수분량, 경피수분손실량과 피부색(L과 a값)은 유의적인 차이가 나타났다. 연령에 따른 결과, 오직 피부색에서만 연령에 따른 차이가 유의적으로 나타났다. 코티졸, 케라틴-6, 파이브로넥틴, 케라틴-1, 10, 11 은 연령과 부위간 유의적 차이가 없지만 인볼루크린은 30 ~ 39세 연령대에서 다른 연령대보다 유의적으로 가장 높았다. 이러한 결과는 개인의 피부 환경에 대한 상세한 피부 상태 변화로 설명할 수 있을 것이다.

• 해부∙생물인류학
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.167-170
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• 2018

랑거겨드랑활은 겨드랑에서 흔히 나타나는 변이다. 랑거겨드랑활의 해부학적 그리고 임상적 중요성 때문에 이에 대한 관심이 많다. 학생실습과정에 68세 여성 시신의 오른쪽 팔에서 근육변이가 관찰되었다. 이 근육은 넓은등근의 가쪽모서리에서 근육의 형태로 일어났다. 그 후 힘줄의 형태로 겨드랑동맥과 정중신경을 가로질러 지나간 후 넓어지며 다시 근육의 형태로 큰가슴근에 부착되었다. 우리는 이 근육변이를 소개하고 이것의 임상적 의의에 대해 논의하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.219-220
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• 2015

Variations in the course and distribution of common palmar digital nerves and arteries are rare. A classic common palmar digital nerves and arteries are defined as concomitant. During routine dissection classes to undergraduate medical students we observed formation of each common palmar digital nerve divided into 2 or 3 branches and formed a ring enclosing the corresponding common palmar digital artery. Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the common palmar digital nerves and arteries is crucial for safe and successful hand surgery.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2012

The anatomy and morphology of seeds from 10 Hawaiian Portulaca taxa were examined to explore patterns of variation among the taxa, and to evaluate their phylogenetic relationships. Features of seeds were assessed employing microtechnique procedures, statistical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Anatomically, the orientation of embryo was consistent across taxa, and all seeds examined had central nutritive tissue and integuments comprising the peripheral embryo. Seeds were generally small, circular to ovoid in shape, and either smooth or rough-surfaced, with tubercules. Variation in seed size was noted, although minimal within small seeded group. The size of seeds ranged from 0.50~1.26 mm in length, and 0.55~1.34 mm in width, with similar weights. Seeds were distinguished by the sculpture and arrangement of the testa epidermis and the way in which their stellulate-tessellate cells uniquely fit together. Using a multiple range test (ANOVA), two groups were established by seed characteristics. The SEM also demonstrated morphological differences in testa sculpturing. The results obtained confirm the usefulness of seed characteristics in the identification of the species examined, and furthermore, allow for the separation of the Hawaiian Portulaca into two groups.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.309-312
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• 2013

A retromolar canal is an anatomical variation in the mandible. As it includes the neurovascular bundle, local anesthetic insufficiency can occur, and an injury of the retromolar canal during dental surgery in the mandible may result in excessive bleeding, paresthesia, and traumatic neuroma. Using imaging analysis software, we evaluated the cone-beam computed tomography (CT) images of two Korean patients who presented with retromolar canals. Retromolar canals were detectable on the sagittal and cross-sectional images of cone-beam CT, but not on the panoramic radiographs of the patients. Therefore, the clinician should pay particular attention to the identification of retromolar canals by preoperative radiographic examination, and additional cone beam CT scanning would be recommended.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

The anterolateral thigh flap is a reliable and versatile flap. It has been extensively used for soft tissue reconstruction because minimal donor site morbidity is attractive feature of this flap. It can be harvested as a cutaneous, fasciocutaneous, muscluocutaneous flap. We can be used to form as desired shape and thickness. But variation of vascular anatomy make difficult for many surgeons. We review of vascular anatomy of the anterolateral thigh to be easier access to surgery. With understanding anatomic variation, it allows you to take advantage of this surgery using little more variable form.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.253-257
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• 2022

The free fibula flap (FFF) is based on the peroneal artery (PA) system, and it is well known that several anatomical variations of the lower limb vascular system exist, including peronea arteria magna (PAM). PAM is a rare congenital variation in which both anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery are either aplastic or hypoplastic, and as a result, PA will be the dominant blood supply to the foot. This variation was described as type III-C in Kim-Lippert's Classification of the Infra-Popliteal Arterial Branching Variations. The awareness of its existence is crucial as it often precludes FFF from being harvested due to the risk of significant limb ischemia and limb loss. Despite some literature reporting donor site complications and impending limb loss following FFF harvest in PAM, preoperative vascular mapping before FFF transfer remains controversial among the microsurgeons. We present a case with an incidental intraoperative finding of PAM that had a successful FFF harvest by luck, without preoperative vascular mapping.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.376-379
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• 2022

Human cerebellum plays a vital role in motor coordination, regulation of muscle tone and maintaining the equilibrium of the body. It seldom shows anatomical/morphological variations. Herein, we report the presence of a small additional lobe projecting out on the superior surface of the right cerebellar hemisphere in the para-vermal area in an adult male cadaver. There was a notch on the tentorial surface of the occipital lobe of the right cerebral hemisphere, corresponding to the additional lobe of cerebellum. The additional lobe was histologically normal, with no evidence of any tumour cells. Knowledge of this variation is of importance to radiologists, neuroanatomists and neurosurgeons.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.1139-1145
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• 2014

인체 골격의 모델생성과 형상변동을 파악하는 것은 생체역학의 응용분야에서 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 본 논문에서는 3 차원 대퇴골 모델의 데이터베이스로부터 대퇴골의 형상변동을 통계적으로 분석하고, 추출된 주요 파라미터를 사용하여 대퇴골의 형상을 직관적으로 모델링 할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위해서 먼저 통계적 기법 중에 하나인 주성분 분석(PCA)을 이용하여 대퇴골의 형상변동을 파악하였다. 주성분 분석을 수행하기 위해서는 3 차원 대퇴골 모델 간에 토폴로지(Topology)의 일치가 필요하다. 따라서 대퇴골의 형상에 해부학적 기준점(Landmark)을 정의하여 템플릿 모델이 대상 대퇴골 모델로 변형되기 위한 방향을 결정한 후 곡면 피팅(Surface fitting)을 수행하였다. 다음으로 주성분 분석을 통해 도출된 주성분과 대퇴골의 형상을 대표할 수 있는 해부학적 파라미터와의 상관관계를 정의하였다. 마지막으로 해부학적 파라미터로 대퇴골 모델의 생성 및 형상변동을 가시화 할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.444-450
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• 2014

PURPOSE. To compare the accuracy of marginal and internal adaptation of zirconia (Zr) copings fabricated on anatomic (A), semi-anatomic (SA) and non-anatomic (NA) occlusal surface preparations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 45 extracted bicuspid teeth were prepared for receiving zirconia crowns, with different occlusal preparation designs A=15, SA=15 & NA=15. The Zr copings were fabricated by using CAD4DENT, CAD/CAM. The copings were adjusted, cemented and were cross sectioned centrally from buccal cusp tip to lingual cusp tip into mesial and distal halves. The copings were examined under electron microscope at ${\times}200$ magnification and the measurements were recorded at 9 predetermined areas in micrometers. RESULTS. Overall mean gap values for the three groups was found to be $155.93{\pm}33.98{\mu}m$ with Anatomical Occlusal preparation design having the least gap value of $139.23{\pm}30.85{\mu}m$ showing the best adaptation among the groups. Post Hoc Tukey's test showed a statistically significant difference (P=.007) between the means of gap for A & NA preparation designs. Measurements recorded at 9 predetermined points showed variations for the three groups. CONCLUSION. Anatomical occlusal preparation designs resulted in better marginal and internal adaptation of Zr copings. There is a considerable variation between the measured marginal and internal gap values for the Zr copings fabricated by the (CAD4DENT-CAD/CAM). This variation may be associated with the lack of standardization of the preparation of teeth, computerized designing of the coping for each tooth, cement used, uniform pressure application during the cementation of the copings, sectioning of the copings and the microscopic measurements.