• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2007

The international EARTHSHINE mission is to measure 1% anomaly of the Earth global albedo and total solar irradiance using Amon-Ra instrument around Lagrange point 1. We developed a new ray truing based integrated end-to-end simulation tool that overcomes the shortcomings of the existing end-to-end performance simulation techniques. We then studied the in-orbit radiometric performance of the breadboard Anon-Ra visible channel optical system. The TSI variation and the Earth albedo anomaly, reported elsewhere, were used as the key input variables in the simulation. The output flux at the instrument focal plane confirms that the integrated ray tracing based end-to-end science simulation delivers the correct level of incident power to the Amon-Ra instrument well within the required measurement error budget of better than ${\pm}0.28%$. Using the global angular distribution model (ADM), the incident flux is then used to estimate the Earth global albedo and the TSI variation, confirming the validity of the primary science cases at the L1 halo orbit. These results imply that the integrated end-to-end ray tracing technique, reported here, can serve as an effective and powerful building block of the on-line science analysis tool in support of the international EARTHSHINE mission currently being developed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.77-84
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• 2018

As the application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) to the civil sector has become practical, and mandatory for road projects, the standardization, development of systems, etc. for the application and operation of BIM are required. In particular, it is important to develop BIM data standards for producing, sharing and managing the lifecycle data of civil facilities because they are commonly national public facilities. The BIM data standards have been developed by utilizing or extending IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), which is an international standard, but schema extensions of river facilities has not been developed thus far. This study proposes an approach to an IFC extension for river facilities using the WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) as a fundamental study for IFC-based schema extension in the river field. For this purpose, the research was carried out as follows. First, the IFC extension development method was selected to represent the river facilities by analyzing the existing IFC structure and previous research cases for the IFC extension. Second, extended elements of the river facilities were identified through an analysis of the WBS and classified according to the high-level structure of the IFC schema. Third, the classified elements were arranged based on the IFC hierarchy and the IFC schema extension for river facilities was established. Based on the suggested extension method of IFC schema, this study developed the schema by defining the element components and parts of river facilities, such as distribution flow elements and deriving their detailed types and properties.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.4125-4130
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• 2015

This paper presents the communication performance for the radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna in the wearable device measuring bio signal (temperature, blood pressure, pulse etc.) of human body. The operational frequency is 2.4 - 2.5 GHz, which covers Bluetooth communication bandwidth. The maximum gain of the antennas is 1.96 dBi. The proposed antenna is efficiently transmitting and receiving signal by generating two opposite beam directions using two RF switches (PIN diode). Also, we investigated how radiation pattern changes according to three angles ($30^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $150^{\circ}$) of Top Loading. In this paper, we measured and compared the SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and BER (Bit Error Rate) performances of the proposed antennas in the condition between an ideal environment of anechoic chamber and smart house existing practical electromagnetic interferences (Universal Software Radio Peripheral, USRP). Throughout the comparing the results of the measurement of two cases, we found that the SNR is degraded over 5dB in average and BER is increased over ten times in maximum, therefore, it is confirmed that the error rate of receiving signal is increased. The measured results of SNR and BER value in this paper able to expect the performance degrading by the interference from the electromagnetic devices.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.91-114
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• 2023

This study increases awareness of the survey and demand for libraries in correctional facilities, which have not received much attention so far, and is necessary for improving the operation of existing research and libraries in Korea, which is conducting a current status survey of most correctional facility libraries. The contents of the service operation of the external correctional facility library were explored and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, where correctional facility libraries are relatively well operated, are practically operating social rehabilitation programs while reducing recidivism of inmates, and library associations or local governments in each country are promoting the vitalization of correctional facility libraries. It helps and organizes committees or organizations involving related experts to discuss policy support, issue checks, research, report publication, drafting and revising guide guidelines, cooperation between libraries, and reflect them in actual operation. In addition, it maintains steady support and interest through public-private cooperation, and makes good use of the linkage system with local public libraries. As a result, it contributes to reducing the recidivism of prisoners. Through this study, the following three areas were suggested for the administrative improvement direction for correctional facility library services. First, the production and distribution of guidelines or guidebooks for correctional facility libraries, second, the establishment of a specialized correctional facility library organization within the correctional headquarters or library association, and third, the strengthening of activities and the operation of law libraries in correctional facilities.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.259-271
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• 2023

Since the short-wave infrared spectrum has a significant range of variation depending on the production environment, countries with advanced resource exploration are collecting the spectrum and building a database. Representative organizations include the USGS and CSIRO, and they are currently carrying out a project in China that can synthesize and use a large number of existing data. The USGS library provides a total of 2,457 spectra targeting not only minerals but also various materials that respond to infrared radiation. Among these, there are 1,276 mineral spectra, which are about half of the total. The spectrum title includes information, such as analysis devices (NIC4, BECK, ASDNG, etc.), purity codes (a, b, c, d, u), and measurement methods (AREF, RREF, RTGC, TRAN). Analyzed raw data are provided in ASCII and GIF format. The CSIRO library has a total of 502 spectra, of which the majority, 493, correspond to mineral spectra. The USGS library is a free, publically available resource, while the CSIRO library is bundled with TSG8 or must be purchased separately. Among these, when comparing the eight spectra whose spectral shapes can be analyzed with the spectra of domestic illite, the positions of the absorption peaks are significantly different from those of domestic illite, except for one Japanese illite. Additional research will be needed to determine the causes of such differences, and the domestically relevant databases should be established as well.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.265-278
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• 2022

R&D projects for product development are crucial for ventures' growth and success. Current study summarizes existing studies that identify the relationship between startup ventures' R&D department, R&D investment, and R&D cooperation on product development performance, and highlights the effects of business model as well as the roles of R&D activities for product development project that have been traditionally emphasized. In order to consider the effects of business models that were not previously available, the effects of these factors on product development performance were comprehensively analyzed. The research results with 180 venture cases surveyed on venture companies in the growth stage in Korea, showed that the effect of product development project activities measured by R&D department, R&D investment and R&D cooperation on product development performance is not evident. However, the effect of business model on product development time and product development performance measured by product innovation was confirmed. In particular, it was found that the clarity and uniqueness of the business model interacted with the R&D investment to shorten the product development time and directly increase the innovativeness of the developed product. Based on these analysis results, the implications of this study, limitations of the study, and the future research directions were described.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.237-251
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• 2020

Issues on climate change we are facing, such as global warming, are very important as it affects our lives directly. To overcome this, efforts to reduce greenhouse gases emissions (e.g., carbon dioxide) are necessary and these efforts should be based on our integrated understanding of carbon cycle. The purpose of this study is to examine the research trend on carbon cycle education and to suggest the value and direction of carbon cycle education for students who will be citizens of the future. We analyzed 52 carbon cycle education related studies collected from academic research databases (RISS, KCI, ERIC, Google Scholar, and others). As a result, we conclude that resources are still limited and more researches on verification and utilization of developed program, development of accurate and comprehensive tools for students' recognition and level assessment, developing educational model or teacher professional development, providing more appropriate curriculum resources, and the use of various topics or materials for carbon cycle education are necessary. Students' comprehensive understanding of the carbon cycle is important to actively react to the changes in the global environment. Therefore, to support such learning opportunities, resources that can be connected to students' daily experiences to improve students' understanding of carbon cycle and replace misconceptions based on the verification of existing programs should be provided in the classroom as well as the curriculum. In addition, sufficient exemplary cases in carbon cycle education including various materials and topics should be provided through professional development to support teachers teaching strategies with carbon cycle.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.905-917
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• 2018

The sovereign state has the right to engage in self-defense or war with the approval of the Security Council when it receives an invasion of territory from a foreign country. War is conducted under the principle of the necessity and proportionality of self-defense. In case of cyber attack, proportional countermeasure must be made through attack means and effect analysis, and cyber weapons need to be classified for this purpose. Therefore, this study aims to provide a rational and legitimate response according to the necessity and proportionality of the self - defense right by suggesting definition and classification criteria of cyber weapons. In this study, cyber weapons were defined as "means of collecting, attacking, and protecting information using cyber technology in the cyber space according to military objectives. Based on existing weapon systems and public cyber weapons cases, cyber weapons were classified as (1) cyber weapons for information gathering, (2) cyber weapons for attack, and (3) cyber weapons for protection. We suggest the considerations for applying the proportional response according to this functional classification. In order to guarantee the principle of proportionality to cyber attacks in the future, the classification study based on the cyber weapon effect should be conducted. This study has conducted an exploratory study on the classification of cyber clusters which constitutes one axis of the proportionality principle.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2022

The importance of start-ups and venture companies in the Korean economy is growing. However, the successful growth of startups and venture companies are still challenging as 70% of startups fail within 5 years. A new perspective on innovation is essential to overcome the liability of newness and the liability of smallness in the existing market and obtain the competitive advantage. Recent phenomenon in the Korean startups ecosystem is the remarkable growth of unicorns and future unicorns. Their business models, types of business, and success cases serve as a good example. Neverthless, the process of unicorn and future unicorn startups making new industries and innovative business has poorly understood. In this paper, we first define 175 unicorns and future unicorn startups participating in the K-unicorn project as a unicorn group and analyze current trends of the group. Then the in-depth analyses of industry sectors are conducted. Specifically, focusing on the unicorn forming the new market, we examine the unicorn making the processes of industry category innovation through the business innovation model. Lastly, broadening the scope of the analysis to the unicorn group, policy implications in startups and venture ecosystem are suggested.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.273-286
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• 2013

Recently, due to problems with subway and bus operations, a need has emerged for a solution such as the introduction of an Advanced Transit System. In several municipalities, systems have been introduced using light rail as AGT urban aesthetics construction. There is high inhibition and civil cases are delayed by more environmentally friendly and accessible remedies. For the purpose of this study, Changwon city would be transformed to have an environmentally friendly transportation system such as a tram with an overview. Features, advantages, and disadvantages are analyzed, and systems are established the existing public transport routes by transfer system. Changwon city's tram plan is first step in open in year 2018, and second step with the opening goal of the year 2021, and the total line length of 33.9 km, the station will be built in the 38 locations. and also in 2011 a feasibility study, evaluated a low economic as B/C to 0.88, but it evaluated the high value of the policy analysis as AHP to 0.502. However, introduction of a tram project that should precede the as following condition. The first step in Changwon city's tram plan would be as follows : The introduction of the tram system would demand traffic management along with a restructuring of the bus system, and the tram system would be selected for domestic realities. Secondly, the introduction of trams would comprehend the advanced traffic composition in accordance with the consensus of the citizenship, and a legal system should be established for the introduction of the trams.