• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of visual stimulus of users to the space through the experiment of EEG and the satisfaction of users depends on the lighting. To do that, the results measured with EEG experiment focusing on Beta ${\beta}$ were compared to each other to figure out difference in the changes of the activation of human brain on lighting's situation as the lighting off and on in the same space. The difference in the results was verified according to the characteristic of users which classified with 4 types of the spatial sensitivities. The results of this study are as following. Firstly, the spacial sensitivity of user is to communicate well with the different senses with stimulus through interaction among the elements. At this time, the brain plays a major role in build the spacial sensitivity of users as the place to make form. Secondly, there are the differences in the activation of brain depends on lighting situation even in the same space. The stimulus into the brain became generally stronger in images with lighting on than off. Especially, the response in the occipital lobe which connected with the visual center turn out strongly in the image of 'modern natural'. Because the visual stimulus interact well with the bright color, the reflectional texture and the rough texture painted the dark color. Thirdly, the satisfaction of users changed with lighting in the space. But we could know that the satisfaction of users isn't be related to the visual stimulus through the results of this study. Finally, there isn't the difference in the activation degree of brain according to the characteristic which are preference of users into 4 types of the spatial sensitivity through the results came from ANCOVA(analysis of covariance) with SPSS Program 22.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.113-141
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 기술 가정 교과의 식품표시와 관련된 수업을 ARCS 동기유발전략을 적용하여 개발한 후 이 수업이 학습동기와 식품표시에 대한 인식과 활용에 효과를 주는지 검증하는데 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 ARCS 동기유발 전략을 적용한 식품표시 관련 가정과 수업의 교수 학습 과정안을 총 4차시 개발하였고, 사전-사후 실험설계를 사용하여, 실험집단 4학급은 ARCS 동기유발전략을 적용한 수업을, 비교집단 3학급은 강의식 수업을 적용하여 실험집단과 비교집단의 사전 점수와 사후 점수를 비교하였다. 불성실하게 응답한 7부를 제외한 203부를 대상으로 SPSS Win 12.0을 이용하여 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, ARCS 동기유발전략을 적용한 식품표시 관련 가정과 수업의 교수 학습 과정안과 학습자료, 교사용 참고자료를 4개의 학습주제(영양성분표시, 식품첨가물, 유전자조작과 방사선조사식품, 식품품질인증표시)별로 개발하였다. 둘째, 학습동기에 대한 실험에서 사전 학습동기를 통제한 공변량 분석을 실시한 결과, ARCS 동기유발수업을 받은 실험집단과 강의식 수업을 받은 비교집단의 학습동기와 동기유발요소(주의집중, 관련성, 자신감, 만족감) 모두에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 사전 식품표시에 대한 인식을 통제한 공변량 분석을 실시한 결과, 사후 식품표시에 대한 인식 검사에서 식품표시에 대한 인식이 수업방법에 따라 실험집단과 비교집단 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그리고 식품표시에 대한 인식 하위영역인 식품표시사항 이해도와 식품표시 실생활 도움 및 교육필요도에서도 모두 유의한 차이를 보였다. 넷째, 사전 식품표시 활용도를 통제한 공변량 분석을 실시한 결과, 식품표시 활용도에 대한 사후 식품표시 활용도는 수업방법에 따라 실험집단과 비교집단간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그리고 식품표시 활용도 하위영역인 식품표시사항 활용도와 식품선택시 활용도 모두에서도 유의한 차이를 보였다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) wrist taping, after the application of a rhythmic stabilization (RS) technique, on the decrease of pain and the increase of grip strength in physical therapists who complained of wrist pain and to provide basic data on interventions for wrist pain patients. Methods: The subjects were 15 peoples in their 20s who complained of pain with a visual analogue scale (VAS) at five points or higher due to overuse of their wrists. They were randomly assigned to a control group, to which PNF wrist taping was applied after stretching (n=7), or to an experimental group (n=8), to which PNF wrist taping was applied after application of the RS technique of PNF. The experiment was conducted for four weeks, five times per week. VAS was measured in order to measure pain decrease, and grip strength (GS) was measured using a dynamometer. In order to compare within-group differences before and after the intervention, a paired t-test was performed, and in order to compare differences between the two groups, the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used. All statistically significant levels were set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: There were significant differences in changes of VAS and GS within each group before and after the intervention (p<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: This study applied PNF wrist taping after the application of stretching or PNF RS to patients who complained of pain beyond a sense of discomfort; these interventions resulted in a decrease in pain and an increase in the grip strength of the subjects. Taping and therapeutic techniques using PNF are considered to be usefully applied as one of the programs to improve wrist pain patients' pain and grip strength.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1703-1709
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• 2008

As genetic markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are very appropriate for the development of genetic tests for economic traits in livestock. Several microsatellite markers have been identified as useful markers for the genetic improvement of Hanwoo. Among those markers, ILSTS035 was recently mapped at a similar position with four SNPs (AH1_11, AH1_9, 31465_446, and 12273_165) in a linkage map of EST-based SNP in BAT6. Among the four SNPs, two SNPs (31465_446 and 12273_165) were analyzed using BLAST at the NCBI web site. The sequences including the 12273_165 SNP were identified at the intron region within the LOC534614 gene on the gene sequence map (Bos taurus NCBI Map view, build 3.1). The LOC534614 gene represents a protein similar to myosin heavy chain, fat skeletal muscle, embryonic isoform 1 in the dog, and myosin_1 (Myosin heavy chain D) in Macaca mulatta. In cattle, the myosin heavy chain was associated with muscle development. The phenotypic data for growth and carcass traits in the 415 animals were analyzed by the mixed ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) linear model using PROC GLM module in SAS v9.1. By the genotyping of Hanwoo individuals (n = 415) to evaluate the association of SNP with growth and carcass traits, it was shown that the 12273_165 SNP region within LOC534614 may be a candidate marker for growth. The results of the statistical analyses suggested that the genotype of the 12273_165 SNP significantly affected birth weight, weight of the cattle at 24 months of age, average daily gain and carcass cold weight (p<0.05). Consequently, the 12273_165 SNP polymorphisms at the LOC534614 gene may be associated with growth in Hanwoo, and functional validation of polymorphisms in LOC534614 should be performed in the future.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2011

현재까지 몽골인의 측모두부계측방사선학적 기준치가 문헌 상으로 보고된 바가 없었던 바, 본 연구의 목적은 정상교합과 초화로운 측모를 가진 몽골인을 선별하여 측모두부계측방사선학적 기준치를 제시하고, 이를 같은 기준으로 선별한 한국인의 기준치와 비교하는 것이다. 조화로운 측모를 가진 74명의 몽골인(남자 35명, 여자 39명)과 95명의 한국인(남자 52명, 여자 43명) 성인 정상교합자들의 측모두부계측방사선 사진을 채득하였다. 이들은 해당 민족과 국적의 교정 의사들의 평가로 선별되었다. 40개의 계측치에 대하여 민족별, 성별 평균 및 표준편차를 산출한 후, 그 차이를 ananlysis of covariance (ANCOVA)로 검정하였다. 조화로운 측모를 가진 몽골인과 한국인 남녀 성인 정상교합자의 측모두부방사선학적 기준치를 얻었다. 골격성 선 계측치와 수직적 골격 관계에서 성별 간의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 몽골인은 한국인에 비하여 짧은 전안면 고경, 돌출된 이부, 설측경사된 상악 전치를 나타내었으나, 대부분의 계측치 간 평균 차이가 적어 임상적 의미는 적었다. 몽골인과 한국인 성인 환자의 교정치료를 위한 진단과 치료계획 시에 유사한 기준을 적용할 수 있을 것이라고 생각되었다.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of simulation-based training on nursing students' knowledge and ability to perform advanced cardiovascular life support. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. The participants were, in total, 59 junior college nursing students (experimental group: 30, control group: 29). The data were analyzed with a ${\chi}^2$-test, independent t-tests, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. Results: The experimental group ($80.8{\pm}8.4$), who received simulation-based advanced cardiovascular life support education, showed a higher level of knowledge of advanced cardiovascular life support than the control group ($75.0{\pm}9.9$), who received lecture-based education. In addition, the experimental group ($106.4{\pm}11.9$) showed a higher level of ability to perform advanced cardiovascular life support than the control group ($86.5{\pm}9.9$). Conclusion: Simulation-based advanced cardiovascular life support education was more effective for increasing the knowledge and performance ability of college students than lecture-based education. Therefore, simulation-based training should be used to improve the knowledge and ability of nursing students and should be applied with reinforced systematic education programs.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

Purpose: There is little known about teachers' self-efficacy in health teachers even though over 75% of Korean health teachers have offered school health education. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to teachers' self-efficacy in Korean health teachers. Methods: Data were collected from school nurses from 474 schools such as 236 elementary schools, 140 middle schools and 98 high schools in Seoul with the stratified random sampling method. The associations among school characteristics, health teachers' characteristics, and teachers' self-efficacy were examined by ANOVA (Anlaysis of variable). To identify the possible predictors of teachers' self-efficacy, ANCOVA (Analysis of covariance) was performed. Results: Two factors, school stage (elementary, middle or high schools) and types of school (public or private school), were significantly related to teachers' self-efficacy. Teachers' self-efficacy of health teachers in elementary schools was significantly higher than that in middle and high schools. Health teachers in private school had significantly higher teaching self-efficacy than ones in public school. Conclusion: Given the fact that health teachers in elementary and private school had higher teachers' self-efficacy, an intervention to strengthen teachers' self-efficacy of health teachers in middle and high schools as well as ones in public school is required to help children and adolescents learn good health behaviors.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of the product display type on the consumers' purchase intention, attitude toward store, and revisit intention in the various mobile shopping situations. To test the hypothesis, between-subjects experiment with 3 mobile shopping situations (outdoor place, public transportation, commercial facilities) by 3 product display types (search, category, product) was conducted, and analyzed with ANCOVA (analysis of covariance). The result of the experiment shows there are no main effects of the mobile shopping situations and the product display types, but the interaction effects of the product display type and the mobile shopping situation on the purchase intention and the revisit intention are statistically significant. However the attitude toward the store is not affected by the treatments. Experiment results suggest that the positive consumer responses in terms of the purchase and revisit intention can be achieved when the product display is matched with the situation in the mobile shopping setting. Controlling consumers' evaluation on the product information and their experience of online shopping, we can take these effect as the results of match-up between the product display type and the situational factors surrounding mobile shopping. The result provides strong support for the location-based service in mobile shopping. Most of the mobile device can utilize the consumers' location which can be easily interpreted as the situational factors. With regard of the level of the external stimulation, the shopping service providers can offer the main interface with the right match with the consumers' situations. When the external stimulation level is high, they should provide the category display or product display in the target promotion in their mobile shopping apps. However if the target is on the way with the low external stimulation level, they should provide the search format as the main interface in their apps. More interestingly, this kind of manipulation does not affect the consumers' attitude toward the store according to our research result. Future research direction is discussed.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2017

Objectives: This paper aimed to contribute to better oral disease prevention and practice of health behavior for immigrant women in multi-cultural families, to define missing and filled permanent teeth index of immigrant women, data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used. Methods: For the immigrant women to be subjects, they needed to be born overseas, had acquired Korean citizenship as a married immigrant women, and the estimate of the number of subjects was 133,093 women. For analyzing data, SPSS 21statistical program was used. We used covariance analysis (ANCOVA) andgeneral linear models for finding the relation with the missing and filled permanent teeth index. The significance level was 0.05. Results: DMFT-index of immigrant women was 7.33 points. $R^2$ was 0.416; and increased with age, and $R^2$ was 0.126 points higher (p<0.01). In household income, 'lower' was 5.933 points lower than 'upper' (p<0.05), and in toothbrushing after lunch, 'yes' was 3.598 points lower than 'no' (p<0.01). In preventive treatment, 'yes' was 4.301 points lower than 'no' (p<0.05). Conclusions: The result of this paper is as follows: for maintaining oral health of immigrant women, we think that the government needs to develop an oral health policy and a customized education system suited to immigrant women for preventive management of dental disease in immigrant women. In addition, basic data will be provided for public dental health programs based on the result of the study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8127-8134
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• 2014

Background: Qigong is highly favoured among Asian breast cancer survivors for enhancing health. This study examined the hypothesis that quality of life (QoL) in the Qigong group is better than the placebo (aerobic) or usual care group. Materials and Methods: A total of 197 participants were randomly assigned to either the 8-week Kuala Lumpur Qigong Trial or control groups in 2010-2011. Measurement taken at baseline and post-intervention included QoL, distress and fatigue. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Kruskal Wallis were used to examine for differences between groups in the measurements. Results: There were 95 consenting participants in this 8week trial. The adherence rates were 63% for Qigong and 65% for the placebo group. The Qigong group showed significant marginal improvement in Quality of life scores compared to placebo (mean difference=7.3 unit; p=0.036), compared to usual care (mean difference=6.7 unit; p=0.048) on Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Breast measure. There were no significant changes between the placebo and usual care groups in fatigue or distress at post intervention (8-week). Conclusions: Cancer survivors who participated in the Qigong intervention showed slightly better QOL. Follow up studies are greatly needed to evaluate which subgroups may best benefit from Qigong. With a steep rise of cancer survivors, there is an urgent need to explore and engage more cultural means of physical activity to fight side effects of treatment and for cancer control in developing countries.