• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.89-94
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of increased aminotransferase levels and to identify associated factors in children admitted to hospital with urinary tract infections (UTIs). Methods: The study included children with a diagnosis of UTI who were admitted to the Konyang University Hospital from January 2007 to May 2011. The total number of patients was 249 and the mean age was $15.88{\pm}28.21$ months. UTI was defined as a positive urine culture (> $10^5$/colony forming unit [CFU]) with pyrexia. Patients were treated by intravenous antibiotics, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, aminoglycoside, cephalosporins or vancomycin. Patients with neonatal jaundice or other liver disease were excluded. We investigated the relationship of aminotransferase levels with the type of antibiotic, degree of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and causative organisms. Results: Children with increased aminotransferase levels were younger than those with normal levels (p=0.001), but white blood cell count, platelet count, causative organisms, type of antibiotics and presence of VUR were not associated with aminotransferase levels. Aminotransferase levels became normal within 1 month after discharge without special measures, except in 1 case. Conclusion: We found that many children with UTI have abnormal aminotransferase levels. In most cases, this change is mild and self-limiting. We conclude that increased aminotransferase level increase during UTI do not require unnecessary tests and excessive treatment.

• 한국건강관리협회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.121-136
• /
• 2005

Background/Aims The liver funtion tests(LFTs), such as aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine amino-transferase(ALT), r -glutamyl transferase( r -GT), have been widely used for screening tests but their low positive predictive value can cause many false positive results. To evaluate the clinical usefulness of these tests, we analyzed serial LFT results of single factory workers and compared the risk factor's in groups divided by the serial LFT results. Methods From June 2001 to October 2001, 1223 consecutive healthy workers in a single factory were enrolled and questionnaire, LFT and liver ultrasonography were performed. Previous LFT results were collected from Annual Health Examination Survey. According to the abnormalities in serial LFT, participants were classified into three groups (abnormal-in-both, alternating normal-in-both) and the risk factors were compared among these groups using multiple logistic regression Results The prevalence of LFT abnormality in a single test was 16.8% but, in serial LFT, only 5% of participants showed consistent abnormality. The risk factors for abnormal-in-both group, compared with alternating group, were liver ultrasonography abnormality such as fatty liver(odds ratio, 2.2; p=0.026) and heavy alcohol intake (more than 210g/week) (odds ratio, 7.2;P=0.064). HBsAg was not significant risk factor for any of the three groups. ConclusionIn factory workers with serial LFT abnormality, alcoholic liver disease could be the principal cause of abnormal LFT. Even if HBsAg were positive in patients with abnormal LFT, there is a possibility of another causes for LFT abnormalities such as alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic steatosis or steatohepatitis

• 환경생물
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2010

To examine the effect of Codium fragile on blood cholesterol and lipid metabolism, hyperlipidemia was induced in experimental animal rats through the administration of a hypercholesterolemic diet. Codium fragile powder was then administered to the rats for 5 weeks, after which, blood biochemical changes such as blood cholesterol, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST: serum SGOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT: serum SGPT) enzyme activity, etc. were determined. And histological changes in liver cells were examined using an electron microscope. Codium fragile treatment resulted in a significant reduction of the levels of total cholesterol, blood triglyceride and low-density cholesterol (LDL. Chol) compared to the control rats. In contrast the expression levels of high-density cholesterol (HDL. chol.) were increased. The AST value of the Codium fragile administration group was significantly reduced and the blood ALT value of the Codium fragile group showed a significant decrease in comparison to the negative control group. In summary, this study demonstrated the beneficial possibilities of Codium fragile in improving the abnormality of lipid metabolism caused by liver cell damage and hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.329-339
• /
• 1988

간기능에 대한 음주와 흡연의 영향을 보기 위해서 1986년 12월 25일부터 1987년 4월 30일까지 약 4개월에 걸쳐 대구의료원을 찾은 채용신체검사 수검자들 중에서 AST 및 ALT 활성도검사, 간염 항원 항체검사, 간디스토마 피내반응검사를 실시한 900명의 검사성적과 설문지를 분석하여 AST 및 ALT 이상자율을 비교검토 하였다. AST 및 ALT 이상자율을 유해인자 수별로 보면 간기능 유해요인수의 증가에 따라 이상자율이 높았다. 특히 HBs-Ag, 음주 및 흡연의 상호복합작용에 있어서 AST 및 ALT 이상자율이 높았다. 단일 음주군, 흡연군에 대한 연령에 따른 AST 및 ALT 이상자율은 유의한 상관성이 없었고, 30대에서 다소 이상자율이 높게 나타났다. 단일 음주군의 AST 및 ALT 이상자율은 음주기간이 길 수록, 음주량이 많을 수록, 음주빈도가 잦을 수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 다만, 막걸리와 소량의 맥주 음주자에게서는 이상자가 없었다. 단일 흡연군의 전이효소 활성치 이상자율도 흡연기간이 길 수록, 일일 흡연량이 많을 수록 증가하는 경향이었다. 음주 및 흡연군에 대한 AST 및 ALT의 이상자율은 변량상관행렬에서 음주와 흡연기간이 길수록, 흡연량 및 나이가 많을수록 높았으며, 다중회귀분석결과는 음주기간, 음주량 및 음주빈도와는 유의한 상관성을 보였으나, 흡연량, 흡연기간과는 유의한 상관성이 없었다. AST 및 ALT의 이상율에 대한 이들 선택된 변수들은 13.0%의 설명력을 가지고 있다.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2018

Objective: In this study, the effects of saffron stigma against subacute diazinon (DZN) toxicity on enzymes levels, biochemical, hematological, histopathological and genotoxicity indices were studied in rats. Methods: Vitamin E (200 IU/kg) and the aqueous extract of saffron (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally three times per week alone or with DZN (20 mg/kg/day, orally) for 4 weeks. The hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the end of 4 weeks. Results: Reticulocytes counts, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase, CPK-MB, gama glutamyl transferase (GGT), uric acid and micronucleus indices were increased significantly but total protein and RBC cholinesterase activity were decreased in the DZN-treated group. Saffron prevented the effect of DZN on GGT (50 mg/kg), LDH, CPK and CPK-MB (100 and 200 mg/kg) levels. An increased uric acid and reduced protein levels by DZN were prevented by vitamin E and some doses of saffron. A significant reduction was observed in platelets, RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit indices in the DZN group. Saffron and vitamin E prevented this reduction. Vitamin E and saffron did not reduce the effect of DZN on RBC cholinesterase activity. The extract and vitamin E could not prevent DZN genotoxicity in the micronucleus assay. Other biochemical parameters and pathological evaluation did not show any abnormality in tissues of all groups. Conclusion: This study shows that vitamin E and saffron reduce DZN induced hematological and biochemical toxicity. However, they do not prevent the genotoxicity induced by DZN.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.47-66
• /
• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bone healing effect of Dohongsamul-tang (Taohongsiwu-tang; DH) on femur fractured mice. Methods Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (naive, control, positive control and DH). All groups except naive group were subjected to bone fracture on both hind limb femurs. Naive group received no treatment at all. Control group was fed with normal saline, and positive control group was orally medicated with tramadol. DH-treated group was orally medicated with DH. We analysed the levels of BMP2, COX2, Col2a1, Sox9, Runx2, and Osterix genes on 3, 7 and 14 days after fracture. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured for safety assessment. Results In morphological, histological analysis, callus formation process of DH-treated group was faster than the control group. BMP2, Sox9 gene expression were significantly increased at 7 days after fracture compared to the control group. COX2, Col2a1 gene expression were significantly increased at 14 days after fracture compared to the control group. Total cholesterol was significantly increased by DH at 3 days. Triglyceride was significantly decreased by DH at 3, 7 days after fracture compared to the control group. Conclusions Dohongsamul-tang promoted bone healing process after fracture by stimulating the bone regeneration factors. And DH shows no hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and serum lipid abnormality. In conclusion, it seems that DH helps to promote fracture regeneration after bone fracture by regulating gene expressions related to bone repair.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2003

TO evaluate an effect of cyclohexane treatment on the degree of liver damage, rats were induced liver damage with 10 or 17 times $CCl_4$ injection (0.1 m1/100 g body wt., 50% $CCl_4$ dis-solved in olive oil) at intervals of every other day. Cyclohexane (1.56 g/kg body wt., i.p.) was administrated to the animals at 48 hours after the last pretreatment of $CCl_4$ . Rats were sacrificed at 4 hours after injection of cyclohexane. On the basis of histopathological findings, liver weight/body weight (LW/ BW, %), activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), xanthine oxidase (XO) and akaline phosphatase (ALP), and contents of liver protein and manlondialdehyde (MDA), $CCl_4$ -pretreatment induced liver damage. And $CCl_4$ 17 times treated group showed more severe liver damage than $CCl_4$ 10 times treated group. Administration of one dose of cyclohexane to $CCl_4$ 10 times treated animals resulted in the enhanced liver damage; liver necrosis with proliferation of fibroblast and bile duct abnormality, and increase in hepatic MDA content and the activities of serum ALP and ALT, But the enhanced liver damage was not found in $CCl_4$ 17 times treated animals. Serum cyclohexanone concentrations at 4 or 8 hours after injection of cyclohexane were higher in all liver damaged groups than normal group and were somewhat higher In $CCl_4$ 17 times treated animals than $CCl_4$ 10 times treated ones. Among the oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes, hepatic cytochrome P45O dependent aniline hydroxylase (CYPdAH) activity in cyclohexane metabolizing enzyme system was meaningfully increased by the injection of cyclohexane to the liver damaged rats, with increased Vmax and high affinity to aniline. LW/BW (%) and activities of serum XO and ALT were more significantly increased in liver damaged groups than normal group by administration of cyclohexanone. In conclusion, it is assumed that an enhancement of liver damage by injection of one dose of cyclohexane to liver damaged animals might be caused by oxygen free radicals and cyclohexanone.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.341-349
• /
• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify independent predictors of mortality and functional recovery in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH) and to improve functional outcome in these patients. Methods : Data were collected retrospectively on 585 patients with supratentorial PICH admitted to the Stroke Unit at our hospital between 1st January 2004 and the 31st July 2008. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the associations between all selected variables and 30-day mortality and 90-day functional recoveries after PICH was evaluated. Results : Ninety-day functional recovery was achieved in 29.1% of the 585 patients and 30-day mortality in 15.9%. Age (OR=7.384, p=0.000), limb weakness (OR=6.927, p=0.000), and hematoma volume (OR=5.293, p=0.000) were found to be powerful predictors of 90-day functional recovery. Furthermore, initial consciousness (OR=3.013, p=0.014) hematoma location (lobar, OR=2.653, p=0.003), ventricular extension of blood (OR=2.077, p=0.013), leukocytosis (OR=2.048, p=0.008), alcohol intake (drinker, OR=1.927, p=0.023), and increased serum aminotransferase (OR=1.892, p=0.035) were found to be independent predictors of 90-day functional recovery after PICH. On the other hand, a pupillary abnormality (OR=4.532, p=0.000) and initial unconsciousness (OR=3.362, p=0.000) were found to be independent predictors of 30-day mortality after PICH. Conclusion : The predictors of mortality and functional recovery after PICH identified during this analysis may assist during clinical decision-making, when advising patients or family members about the prognosis of PICH and when planning intervention trials.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제35권9호
• /
• pp.1178-1184
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 TCDD에 노출된 랫드에 있어 녹용의 에탄올 추출물(EAV)이 혈액상(complete blood count) 및 임상화학지수(common serum chemistry panels) 및 장기별 조직 병변에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 연구 결과 TCDD에 노출된 랫드의 혈액상 및 혈액화학적 지수 중 혈소판 수 감소(p<0.01), AST(p<0.01) 및 ALT (p<0.05) 활성 증가, CPK (p<0.01) 및 LDH(p<0.05) 활성 감소, BUN 활성 증가(p<0.05), glucose 함량 감소(p<0.05), lipase 활성 증가(p<0.05), TG(p<0.01) 및 LDH-cholesterol(p<0.05) 함량 증가가 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 변화한 것으로 관찰되었다. 특히 혈소판 수 감소, serum lipase 활성 증가, abdominal lipoprotein lipase(LPL) 활성 저하 및 male에서 serum estrogen 함량 증가는 동물 종과 관계없이 매우 재현성이 있게 나타나는 독성 반응으로 본 실험에서도 대조군 대비 현저한 차이를 보였다. 본 실험에서 TCDD-노출 랫드의 체중 감소는 복부 지방 조직내 LPL 활성 저화와 serum에 존재하는 HSL의 활성 증가와 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한 장기별 무게에 있어서도 TCDD는 고환의 무게를 현저하게 감소시켰다(p<0.01). 한편, 녹용의 에탄올 추출물(EAV)은 TCDD에 노출된 랫드에 있어 LDH의 활성 감소(p<0.05), glucose 함량 감소(p<0.05), lipase 활성 증가(p<0.05), 고환 무게 감소(p<0.01)에 대하여 유의하게 억제하는 것으로 관찰되었다. TA군의 흉선은 거의 퇴화되어 CO 흉선 무게의 3.8%에 불과하였다. TCDD에 노출된 랫드에 EAV를 전처리하면 TA군과 비교하여 비록 무게 감소는 유의하게 억제되나 CO군과 비교하면 현저하게 작은 값을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 이상의 결과로 보아 녹용은 랫드에 있어 다이옥신에 의하여 야기되는 일반 혈액화학지수 및 조직 병변에 미치는 효과를 개선시킬 수 있다고 판단한다.