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http://dx.doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2018.21.007

Effect of Crocus sativus L. stigma (saffron) against subacute effect of diazinon: histopathological, hematological, biochemical and genotoxicity evaluations in rats  

Hariri, Alireza Timcheh (Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Moallem, Seyed Adel (Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Mahmoudi, Mahmoud (Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Memar, Bahram (Department of Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Razavi, Bibi Marjan (Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Hosseinzadeh, Hossein (Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Publication Information
Journal of Pharmacopuncture / v.21, no.2, 2018 , pp. 61-69 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: In this study, the effects of saffron stigma against subacute diazinon (DZN) toxicity on enzymes levels, biochemical, hematological, histopathological and genotoxicity indices were studied in rats. Methods: Vitamin E (200 IU/kg) and the aqueous extract of saffron (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally three times per week alone or with DZN (20 mg/kg/day, orally) for 4 weeks. The hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the end of 4 weeks. Results: Reticulocytes counts, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase, CPK-MB, gama glutamyl transferase (GGT), uric acid and micronucleus indices were increased significantly but total protein and RBC cholinesterase activity were decreased in the DZN-treated group. Saffron prevented the effect of DZN on GGT (50 mg/kg), LDH, CPK and CPK-MB (100 and 200 mg/kg) levels. An increased uric acid and reduced protein levels by DZN were prevented by vitamin E and some doses of saffron. A significant reduction was observed in platelets, RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit indices in the DZN group. Saffron and vitamin E prevented this reduction. Vitamin E and saffron did not reduce the effect of DZN on RBC cholinesterase activity. The extract and vitamin E could not prevent DZN genotoxicity in the micronucleus assay. Other biochemical parameters and pathological evaluation did not show any abnormality in tissues of all groups. Conclusion: This study shows that vitamin E and saffron reduce DZN induced hematological and biochemical toxicity. However, they do not prevent the genotoxicity induced by DZN.
Keywords
Diazinon; Organophosphorus pesticides; Saffron; Crocus sativus; hematological and biochemical indices; genotoxicity; micronucleus assay;
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