• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.913-920
• /
• 2007

Hydrochloride acid salts of new $N_2O_2$ tetradentate ligands containing amine and phenol N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-o-phenylenediamine(H-BHP), N,N'-bis(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzyl)-o-phenylenediamine(Br-BHP), N,N'-bis(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzyl)-o-phenylene-diamine(Cl-BHP), N,N'-bis(5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-o-phenylene-diamine (Me-BHP) and N,N'-bis(5-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzyl)-o-phenylenediamine(MeO-BHP) were synthesized. The ligands were characterized by elemental analysis, mass and NMR spectroscopy. The elemental analysis showed that the ligands were isolated as dihydrochloride salt. The potentiometry study revealed that the proton dissociation constants$(logK_n{^H})$ of ligands and stability constants $(logK_{ML})$ of transition and heavy metals complexes. The order of the stability constants of each metal ions for ligands was Br-BHP < Cl-BHP > H-BHP < MeO-BHP < Me-BHP.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2017

Adsorption equilibrium and kinetic behavior of two toxic heavy metals hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and mercury [Hg(II)] on mustard oil cake (MOC) was studied. Isotherm of total chromium was of concave type (S1 type) suggesting cooperative adsorption. Total chromium adsorption followed BET isotherm model. Isotherm of Hg(II) was of L3 type with monolayer followed by multilayer formation due to blockage of pores of MOC at lower concentration of Hg(II). Combined BET-Langmuir and BET-Freundlich models were appropriate to predict Hg(II) adsorption data on MOC. Boyd's model confirmed that external mass transfer was rate limiting step for both total chromium and Hg(II) adsorptions with average diffusivity of $1.09{\times}10^{-16}$ and $0.97m^2/sec$, respectively. Desorption was more than 60% with Hg(II), but poor with chromium. The optimum pH for adsorptions of total chromium and Hg(II) were 2-3 and 5, respectively. At strong acidic pH, Cr(VI) was adsorbed by ion exchange mechanism and after adsorption reduced to Cr(III) and remained on MOC surface. Hg(II) removal was achieved by complexation of $HgCl_2$ with deprotonated amine ($-NH_2$) and carboxyl (COO-) groups of MOC.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.221-225
• /
• 2005

A Staphylococcus sp. EY-3 with the capability of decolorizing Congo Red was isolated from soil at an effluent treatment plant of a textile and dyeing industry. This strain was able to almost completely decolorize a high concentration of Congo Red in 48 h under aerobic conditions. Optimal color removal (more than 96%) was achieved at 30- 40oC, and no noticeable effects of different pH values (5.5- 8.0) on decolorization were observed. This strain also exhibited a remarkable decolorization capability against azo dyes under aerobic conditions, even at a high concentration (dyes 1 g/l) of dye. The metabolic product of Congo Red degradation by this strain was identified by gas chromatography with mass selective detection (GC/MSD) to be an amine derivative benzidine.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.53-56
• /
• 2011

[ $C_8$ ]functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by coating magnetic $Fe_3O_4$ nanoparticles with silicaamine groups using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and by subsequently modifying the amine groups with chloro(dimethyl)octylsilane to produce octyl groups on the surface of the MNPs. The $C_8$-functionalized MNPs were used to enrich peptides from tryptic protein digests of myoglobin and ${\alpha}$-casein. The enriched peptides were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). MALDI-MS was also used to investigate desalting of the $C_8$-functionalized MNPs. Sample solutions were prepared in 1.0 M NaCl, and the successful removal of salt was observed. Enrichment with $C_8$-functionalized MNPs was very effective for separating and concentrating tryptic peptides.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.419-422
• /
• 2008

ETA(Ethanolamine, 에탄올아민)는 Amine의 일종으로 정밀화학 제품의 중간원료로서 화학제품 제조나 비행기 기관 및 원전 2차계통의 부식방지제, 이산화탄소와 같은 산성 성분을 흡수하는 흡수제로 각종 산업에서 다양하게 사용되고 있는 화학물질이다. 이러한 ETA는 탄소와 질소, 산소로 이루어진 매우 안정된 유기화합물로 상온에서는 휘발성을 띠지만, 산/염기 평형상수가 9 이상이므로 9 이하일 경우에는 수중에 존재하며 COD 및 T-N을 유발하므로 제거해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수중에 존재하는 ETA를 제거하기 위해 온도와 농도에 따른 양이온교환 및 재생용액의 농도, 반응시간에 따른 양이온 교환수지 재생특성을 조사하였다. 양이온교환 수지의 이온교환능력은 ETA의 농도 및 온도에 영향을 받았으며 농도와 온도가 증가할수록 파과시간은 단축되었다. 양이온교환 수지의 재생효율은 재생액의 농도 및 반응시간에 영향을 받았으며, 재생액의 농도 및 반응시간이 증가할수록 재생효율은 증가하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.11
• /
• pp.1803-1808
• /
• 2008

For practical application, the stability of permeabilized Ochrobactrum anthropi SY509 needs to be increased, as its half-life of enzymatic denitrification is only 90 days. As the cells become viable after permeabilization treatment, this can cause decreased activity in a long-term operation and induce breakage of the immobilization matrix. However, the organic solvent concentration causing zero cell viability was 50%, which is too high for industrial application. Thus, whole-cell immobilization using glutaraldehyde was performed, and 0.1% (v/v) glutaraldehyde was determined as the optimum concentration to maintain activity and increase the half-life. It was also found that 0.1% (v/v) glutaraldehyde reacted with 41.9% of the total amine residues on the surface of the cells during the treatment. As a result, the half-life of the permeabilized cells was increased from 90 to 210 days by glutaraldehyde treatment after permeabilization, and no cell viability was detected.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 1999

In spite of low energy requirement, and operation and construction cost, biofilters with soil beds have not been operated efficiently. Because of excess moisture in winter and rainy periods, saturated pores in the bed prevent passage and sorption of odorous compounds. Sometimes this results in septic conditions that release previously sorbed and oxidized sulfur. Therefore, an economical and effective alternative needs to be developed. The objectives of this study were to confirm applicability of the granular scrap tires with compost for treating odorous gas as well as to obtain optimum design parameters for proposed system. In lab-scaled test, multiple stage reactors had lower headloss than a single stage reactor and less headloss was occurred for the gas with higher moisture content. For practical purpose, pilot-scaled reactor was operated to remove odor from septic tank, manure and animal wastewater treatment plant and composting machine. According to the results of pilot scaled test, $H_2S$ can be always removed completely and ammonia/amine can be removed excellently when proper moisture content is provided. The results from lab and pilot test showed that granular scrap tire could be replaced with soil as supporting material for biofilter showed excellent drainage because of its ability to reject moisture.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.258-263
• /
• 2007

Ammonia water was investigated as a new absorbent of the chemical absorption process for the removal of $CO_2$ in flue gas. The suitable range of ammonia water concentration and $CO_2$ loading ($mol\;CO_2/mol\;NH_3$) were decided in the point of view of $CO_2$ absorption capacity and $NH_4HCO_3$ precipitation. The absorption capacity of $CO_2$ and the precipitation of $NH_4HCO_3$ in liquid phase were calculated by the Pitzer model for electrolyte solution. The $CO_2$ absorption capacity of the ammonia water over $5\;molNH_3/kgH_2O$ was higher than that of conventional amine absorbent. The $CO_2$ loadings where precipitation occurred were decided at various absorbent concentrations. Theses values were higher than 0.5 in the concentration range of $5-14\;molNH_3/kgH_2O$ at 293, 313 K. The absorber for the removal of $CO_2$ in flue gas could be operated without $NH_4HCO_3$ precipitation by using high concentration of ammonia water below these $CO_2$ loading values. The optimum temperature of the ammonia water absorbent for removal of $CO_2$ in flue gas was 297-312 K depending on the concentration of ammonia water.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.152-158
• /
• 2010

Biosorption is considered to be an alternative method to replace the present adsorbent systems for the treatment of metal contaminated wastewater. In this study, by-product which was abandoned from brewing factory was used to remove metal component in aqueous solution. The experimental results showed that the range of the removal efficiency is 60~91% and adsorption equilibrium was reached in about 3 hr. FT-IR and stereo microscope has been used to observe the surface conditions and changes in functional groups by calcination. At the end of elution, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in water was increased 11 and 7 times compare raw sample to calcinated samples. The Langmuir isotherm adequately described the adsorption of waste materials and the maximum adsorption capacity was 28.17 mg/g for Cd. The overall results suggested that waste material might can be used for biosorption of Cd.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.7
• /
• pp.1043-1046
• /
• 1998

Aluminium based inorganic flocculants are extensively used in this country in the removal of fine particles present in the raw water for the production of drinking water. These inorganic flocculants, however, have potential hazard of high residual aluminium ions in the treated waters, which is known to be one of the reasons of alzheimer's disease. Inorganic flocculants alone are sometimes incapable of treating water when there are excessive turbidity in the raw water sources due to flooding. A polyamine type polymeric flocculant has long been used to treat raw water in the drinking water production in the European countries and United State of America. The optimum reaction conditions such as mole ratio of epichlorohydrin(EPI) to dimethylamine(DMA), reaction temperature and time for each stage for the pilot scale preparation of polyamine from EPI-DMA was studied in this work. The variation of intrinsic viscosity and flocculating efficiency in the water treatment of the synthesized polyamines were evaluated. The residual materials after polymerization reaction were analyzed by gas chromatography to study the effect of variation of reaction conditions.