• 복식
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.128-142
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• 2009

American trendy casual style can be characterized as fitted to body and rendering sexy and fashionable images and now very popular in Korea. This paper aims to identify how American trendy casual styles have been introduced and diffused among Korean young people and also compare the similarities and differences between American and Korean styles. American trendy casual style was introduced and diffused through 4 channels: people who have living experiences in America, media exposure by American films, TV dramas and fashion magazines, on-line network using internet cafe, club and blog, use of on-line shopping mall speciallized for purchasing American apparel brands. Some of American celebrities became fashion ikons and played critical roles in diffusing American trendy styles. Photos of those American celebrities and street fashion of Korean young women were collected through internet search from Sep. 2006 to Aug. 2007. 6 styles including leggings, mini skirt, short dress, skim jeans, pants with long boots, big bag and long necklace were selected as representing American trendy casual styles. Silhouettes and overall styling were very similar in all 6 items. But Differences were found in terms of rotor, amount of details, item coordination, matching shoes and overall images.

• 복식
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• 제15권
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• pp.217-231
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• 1990

The purposes of this study were to research 1) the background of origination, 2) the process of development and 3) the influences to modern clothing culture of American sportswear. The most Influential sportswear designers in America from beginning period to present : such as Claire McCardell, Calvin Klein, Ralph Lauren and Donna Karan were selected to study their life and achievements in the world sportswear market. The Results were as follows : 1) World War I & II have caused the greatest changes to modern history America became the center of world economy, society and culture. Politically, they have influenced democracy world-wide and raised the social status of women. The free American women enjoyed sports, Jazz drinking and car-driving. The advanced technology have accelerated mechanization and mass-production to the fashion industrv. 2) The above historical backgrounds have caused to change women's clothing to casual, practical and simple form. Dorothy Shaver at Lord & Taylor began promoting American designers who created the original American spirit. Claire McCardell created the seperated American sportswear to become world-wide fashion. Calvin Klein and Ralph Lauren, the sportswear designers who have the unique American feeling have come to have riches and fames equal to the top designers in Paris. 3) The American sportswear and fashion industry influenced Paris Mode, the traditional Haute Couture to open Pret-a-porter-a-porter. The concept of seperated coordination in American sportswear have promoted the advanced marketing techniques and merchandising systems to modern ready-to-wear industry. Fashion in 1980s have increased the mutual interdepedence between the American sportswear industry and the creative Paris Mode. And then, the fashion world in 1990s and 21C will be changed and developed on the basis of American sportswear mechanism.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2007

American trendy casual styles can be characterized as fitted to body and rendering sexy and fashionable images and now very popular in Korea. This paper aims to identify diffusion channels of Amreican trendy casual style among Korean market and the characteristics of imitation for American trendy casual styles made by Korean casual brands. American trendy casual style was introduced and diffused mainly through 3 channels: American films and TV dramas, on-line communities, on-line shopping mall speciallized for purchasing American apparel brands. Some of American celebrities became fashion ikons and played critical roles in diffusing American trendy styles. After searching websites and fashion magazines and visiting brand stores, several Korean casual brands imitated the styles of American trendy casual brands and the scope of imitation was vast across items. Imitation was found mainly among T-shirts,jacket, jumper, pants, skirt and accessaries. Also imitation was found in almost every aspects of clothes such as shape, sihlouette, color, prints and stitching, belt, and drawstring.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2019

할리우드 전통 영화 회사들이 스트리밍(streaming media) 콘텐츠로 위주의 새로운 회사가 가져올 위협에 지속적으로 직면하고 있다. 본 연구는 최신 시장 데이터 통계를 바탕으로 제작, 배급, 상영, 해외시장 등 여러 측면에서 2018년 북미 영화산업이 글로벌 디지털 미디어 대응 과정에서 변화와 발전을 분석하여, 또한 할리우드 주류 영화회사들이 새로운 미디어 소비 환경에서 자신의 구조와 운영 시스템 조정을 통하여 발전을 유지하는 데 효과적인 조치를 살펴보고자 한다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-48
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• 1997

This study examines whether expenditures in information technology (IT) are associated with increases in the Tobin's q ratios a measure of organizational performance. It uses two groups of sample, Korean and American firms that disclose IT expenditures. For the all-firms group of each country, the association between IT expenditures and Tobin's q ratios is positive and statistically significant. But the association varies among industries. For Korean firms, IT expenditures appear to increase Tobin's q ratios for the machine and equipment manufacturing industry group (SIC3-2). IT expenditure ratio of this group as a percent of total sales is highest among the industry groups. For all service industry groups(SIC4&5), the estimated coefficient of IT expenditures is positive but statistically insignificant. For American firms IT expenditures in most of the manufacturing industry groups appear to increase only a little, if at all, for the Tobin's q ratios. But IT expenditures appear to have a greater impact on Tobin's q ratios for all service industries (SIC4-7). For three service industries tested (transportation and telecommunication- SIC4, financial- SIC6, consulting and other service industry- SIC7), the estimated coefficient of IT expenditures is positive and statistically significant. The evidence from both Korean and American firms suggests that IT expenditures in service industries provide a greater impact on an organizational performance than ones in manufacturing industry. To test whether service industries use a competitive strategy utilizing IT as a core competence, the samples ore divided into two groups, service and manufacturing industry. For Korean firms, both IT and R&D expenditures in manufacturing industry are associated with increases in Tobin's q ratios. But for service industry, the estimated coefficient of only IT expenditure is positive. For American firms, the estimated coefficients of both IT and advertising and R&D (ARD) expenditures in manufacturing industry are positive but the coefficient of only ARD is statistically significant. For service industry, the estimated coefficient of only IT expenditure is positive and statistically significant. The evidence may suggest that manufacturing industry uses both R&D and IT strategies to increase a competitive advantage but uses R&D strategy as a core competence. However, service industry uses IT strategy as a core competence to increase a competitive advatage.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 현직 배우들에게 설문을 통해 이들의 아메리칸 액팅 메소드에 대한 이해와 이와 관련한 여러 가지 연기 이론 중 특별히 효과적이거나 비효율적인 연기 훈련 방법이 있는지에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 배우들에게 사전설문을 통해 아메리칸 액팅 메소드에 대한 이해 정도를 알아보았으며 아메리칸 액팅 메소드의 대표적인 이론 4가지를 가지고 간단한 연기 훈련을 수행한 후 이것이 연기에 도움이 되었는지, 어떠한 방법이 도움이 되었는지 등을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 설문 대상 배우들은 아메리칸 액팅 메소드에 대하여 잘 모르고 있었으며 연기 훈련에 체계적인 방법의 도입에 대한 필요성을 중요하게 여기고 있었다. 아메리칸 액팅 메소드를 통한 연기 훈련은 모두 효과가 있었다고 답하였으며 특히 스텔라 애들러의 상상력이 가장 높은 효과를 보였다. 가장 효과가 적은 방법은 샌포드 마이즈너의 반복 이었다. 본 연구의 결과는 국내 연기 훈련에서 아메리칸액팅 메소드의 도입과 활용을 위한 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 원자력산업
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.72-74
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• 2017

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.747-755
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• 2020

Background: Ginsenosides accumulation responses to temperature are critical to quality formation in cold-dependent American ginseng. However, the studies on cold requirement mechanism relevant to ginsenosides have been limited in this species. Methods: Two experiments were carried out: one was a multivariate linear regression analysis between the ginsenosides accumulation and the environmental conditions of American ginseng from different sites of China and the other was a synchronous determination of ginsenosides accumulation, overall DNA methylation, and relative gene expression in different tissues during different developmental stages of American ginseng after experiencing different cold exposure duration treatments. Results: Results showed that the variation of the contents as well as the yields of total and individual ginsenosides Rg1, Re, and Rb1 in the roots were closely associated with environmental temperature conditions which implied that the cold environment plays a decisive role in the ginsenoside accumulation of American ginseng. Further results showed that there is a cyclically reversible dynamism between methylation and demethylation of DNA in the perennial American ginseng in response to temperature seasonality. And sufficient cold exposure duration in winter caused sufficient DNA demethylation in tender leaves in early spring and then accompanied the high expression of flowering gene PqFT in flowering stages and ginsenosides biosynthesis gene PqDDS in green berry stages successively, and finally, maximum ginsenosides accumulation occurred in the roots of American ginseng. Conclusion: We, therefore, hypothesized that cold-induced DNA methylation changes might regulate relative gene expression involving both plant development and plant secondary metabolites in such cold-dependent perennial plant species.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.28-39
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• 2009

In this treatise, a survey was conducted on American female consumers to confirm the possibility of segmenting the American cosmetic industry by classifying lifestyles and analysing differences in consumer behavior, and also to provide global marketing strategy for entry into the American cosmetics industry by Korean companies. The results of the analysis provided three categories of American female consumer lifestyles. The first is the "practical conservative" type(58 people) who are fairly indifferent to or uninterested in external changes. The second is the "pro-active sensitive" type(48 people) who are interested in external changes and want to live a leading life. The last is the "neutral economical" type(54 people) who resemble characteristics that are in between the previous two types. The study has showed there was a difference in consumer motivation, considerations during selection, factors associated with shop choice according to consumer classification. It provides evidence that lifestyles can be a criteria in segmenting the American cosmetics market.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.655-659
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the somatotype variation & satisfaction with the fit of ready-to-wear for American women. For this study, questionnaires were administered to 192 American women in Louisiana State areas. Employing a sample of 127 data were analyzed by using F-test. The results were as follows: In the satisfaction with the somatotype variation of American women, height items were increased and width items were decreased with aging. At neck, bust, waist, hip and sleeve circumferences, in the satisfaction with the fit of ready-to-wear, were decreased with aging, Correlation for somatotype variation & satisfaction with the fit of ready-to-wear was significantly positive. With aging, the satisfaction with the somatotype & fit of American women's ready-to-wear for sizing system was generally decreased.