• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2010

Competitive ability, allelopathy, made the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior ) one of the most dangerous weeds in Korea. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of common ragweed as test species under laboratory bioassay and glasshouse conditions. Inhibition effect of the leaf extract was higher than that of stem and root parts extracts on germination and seedling growth of weeds. The 5% concentration of leaf extract of common ragweed inhibited the germination rate of Echinochloa crus-galli, Digitaria sanguinalis and Cyperus microiria by 68.3, 74.6 and 87.3%, respectively, as compared to the control. Generally, increasing incorporation concentration inhibited seedling growth of weeds. Incorporation of 5% common ragweed residue significantly reduced the plant length of E. crus-galli, D. sanguinalis and C. microiria by 48, 63 and 68%, respectively, as compared to the control. Also, the values of dry weight were 72, 78 and 71%, respectively. Contrarily, the emergence rate of soybean and corn was not affected by the incorporation of 5% concentration of common ragweed residue. However, the dry weight was inhibited by 37 and 28%, respectively. These results suggest that common ragweed had the ability to control some weed species using toxic compounds like natural herbicide.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.219-229
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• 2018

We isolated Streptomyces scopuliridis KR-001 that produced herbicidal active metabolite(s) against several grass and broad leaf weeds. In this study, potential as natural herbicide of mutant N-29 broth filtrate of S. scopuliridis KR-001 was investigated to Ambrosia artemisiifilia in a greenhouse and field condition. The broth filtrate of mutant N-29 by foliar application showed a strong herbicidal activity to A. artemisiifilia with leaf stage in a greenhouse condition. Also, field trial of foliar application within treatment range had effectively controlled with early and middle stage of A. artemisiifilia at the natural habitats. Phytotoxic symptoms of mutant N-29 broth filtrate by foliar application were wilting and discoloration, and burn-down of leaves and finally plant death. These results suggest that mutant N-29 broth filtrate is considered possible as a natural herbicide for controlling environmentally friend to invasive alien plant such as A. artemisiifilia and may provide a new lead molecule for a more efficient herbicide.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2003

A method of conserving the vegetation at Mt. Chonggye was established to persue a practical management of the natural ecosystem by the vegetative composition analysis. As a result, the vegetation of surveyed areas was classified into two communities and four subcommunities in Mt. Chonggye. Potentilla fragarioides var. major community, known as the roadside plant community, distributed near trails under heavy human impacts. Potentilla fragarioides var. major community included two subcommunities : Digitaria sanguinalis-Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior subcommunity and Rhus chinensis subcommunities. In these communiyies, there were many naturalized plant species such as Aster pilosus and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, known as heliophilous plant. Results indicated that the vegetation had been affected by intensive human activities. It is necessary to control the naturalized plant species such as Aster pilosus for conservation of the ecosystem and nature in this area. Quercus mongolica community, a common coppice woodland in central Korea, was mostly distributed around mountain tops and ridges above 529 m altitute. In the valley where the forests well conserved, the Quercus mongolica community contained the Syneilesis aconitifolia-Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus subcommunity. On the other hand, Potentilla dickinsii subcommunity was dominated in dry rocky ridge areas. In these areas, however, the vegetation and forest soil was not properly managed for conservation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.19-39
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigated the flora of Naknam-Jeongmaek, Korea. The survey sites were Gilmajae, Mt. Muryang, Mt. Yeohang, Mt. Muhak, Mt. Cheonju and Mt. Sineo. The flora were summarized, numbering 666 taxa including 112 families, 357 genera, 574 species, 4 subspecies, 73 varieties and 15 forms. The threatened species was Aconitum austrokoreense. The rare plants were 12 taxa including Asarum maculatum, Wikstroemia ganpi, Viola albida, Tricyrtis macropoda and so forth. The Korean endemic plants were 19 taxa including Salix koriyanagi, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Weigela subsessilis, Hosta minor and so forth. The specific plants by floristic region were 81 taxa including 38 taxa of grade I, 19 taxa of grade II, 16 taxa of grade III, 7 taxa of grade IV and 1 taxa of grade V. The naturalized plants were 32 taxa including Rumex crispus, Physalis angulata, Erechtites hieracifolia, Taraxacum officinale and so forth. The invasive alien plants were Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Aster pilosus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.41-61
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was carried out to present the basic data for constructing a ecological stream, Shindangcheon stream located in Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. From August 2017 to June 2019, a total of 7 surveys were conducted. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 388 taxa including 75 families, 246 genera, 360 species, 4 subspecies, 19 varieties, 2 forms and 3 hybrids. The most families of taxa were Poaceae (59 taxa), Asteraceae (47 taxa), Fabaceae (27 taxa), Rosaceae and Cyperaceae (20 taxa, respectively), and Polygonaceae and Brassicaceae (15 taxa, respectively). The rare plant was Aristolochia contorta Bunge, and the Korean endemic plants were 4 taxa, such as Populus × tomentiglandulosa T.B.Lee, Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz, Lespedeza maritima Nakai, and Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H.Bailey. The specific plants by floristic region found in this site were 13 taxa comprising 8 taxa of grade I, 4 taxa of grade III, and 1 taxon of grade IV. The naturalized plants were 73 taxa, such as Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub, Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach., Potentilla supina L. var. ternata Pterm., and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 6 taxa, such as Rumex acetosella L., Sicyos angulatus L., Solanum carolinense L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Lactuca serriola L., and Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom..

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 2008

To find out the status and characteristics of exotic plants in the Gwangreung Forest, a representative forest ecosystem in central Korea, we surveyed the species composition, coverage, and habitat illuminance of exotic plant species in a set of quadrats established along roads and trails in and around the Gwangreung Forest and buffer zone areas, In 1932, only five species of exotic plants were found along paths and roads in the Gwangreung Forest. However, the number of species in the forest has dramatically increased since 2000, when Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. trifida L. were first recorded, and in 2007, 38 species of exotic plants were recorded. Among the 11 families, 23 genera and 25 species of exotic plants recorded in the quadrats, Compositae was the most common family (11 species), and perennial herbs, 42%, were the most frequently occurring life type, followed by annual herbs (31%) and biennial herbs (19%). Plants of North American origin comprised 48% of exotic species identified in our surveys. Exotics were found most frequently in quadrats along roads in the forest, followed by the buffer zones and hiking trails. The number of species and individuals of exotic plants decreased as we moved deeper into the forest, but Aster pilosus Willd. and Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. were identified along hiking trails in the interior, and appeared to be capable of spreading further and more rapidly into the forest than other species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.59-75
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• 2006

The vascular plants of this site was listed 360 taxa; 86 families, 229 genera, 311 species, 42 varieties and 7 forms. Specific plant species by floral region were total 40 taxa; 2 taxa(Crypsinus hastatus, Prunus yedoensis) in class V, Patrinia rupestris in class IV, 6 taxa(Elymus mollis, Carex laticeps, Poncirus trifoliata, Melia azedarach var. japonica, Koelreuteria paniculata, Crepiastrum lanceolatum) in class III, Cirsium schantarense in class II, 30 taxa(Lygodium japonicum, Pteris multifida, Phacelurus latifolius, Asparagus cochinchinensis, Ficus erecta, Machilus thunbergii, Zanthoxylum planispinum, Euphorbia esula, Mallotus japonicus, Cayratia japonica, Camellia japonica, Glehnia littoralis, Lysimachia fortunei, Messerschmidia sibirica, Ixeris repens etc.) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 14 families, 34 genera, 41 species, 1 varieties, 42 taxa and naturalization rate was 20.3% of all 207 taxa vascular plants. Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 2 taxa were recorded in the studied areas; Phacelurus latifolius, Crypsinus hastatus and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 7 taxa were recorded; Populus tomentiglandulosa, Filipendula glaberrima, Prunus yedoensis, Forsythia koreana, Paulownia coreana, Weigela subsessilis, Carpinus coreana. So, wild plants disturbing ecosystem like Solanum carolinense and Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior have been increasing, it needs continuing control and conservation measures on the plant ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.43-63
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the vascular plants in the Baekdudaegan Mountains and to provide the basic data necessary for future ecosystem conservation measures. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 699 taxa including 98 families, 338 genera, 598 species, 4 subspecies, 80 varieties, and 17 forms. There were 427 taxa in A-section, 451 taxa in B-section, 361 taxa in C-section, and 455 taxa in D-section. The rare plants were 37 taxa including 2 taxa of the CR, EN, and DD each, 12 taxa of the VU, and 19 taxa of the LC. The Korean endemic plants were 30 taxa including Salix koriyanagi Kimura, Hanabusaya asiatica (Nakai) Nakai, Carex okamotoi Ohwi, and so forth. The northern plants were 41 taxa including Equisetum hyemale L., Anemone reflexa Steph. et Willd., Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miq., and so forth. The naturalized plants were 33 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub, Coreopsis lanceolata L., Poa pratensis L., and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Rumex acetocella L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., and Aster pilosus Willd.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.25-42
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for management of ecologically restored stream by surveying and analysing the vascular plants distributed in Chunghyocheon stream, Gyeongju-si. The survey of vascular plants in this site was conducted before and after restoration. The number of vascular plants were summarized as 276 taxa including 68 families, 188 genera, 242 species, 1 subspecies, 29 varieties and 4 forms. The rare plants were 2 taxa including Prunus yedoensis Matsum. and Iris ensata var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai, and the Korean endemic plant was Lespedeza maritima Nakai. The specific plants by floristic region were 13 taxa including 1 taxa of grade V, 3 taxa of grade III, 1 taxa of grade II and 8 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were 62 taxa including Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach, Lepidium virginicum L., Poa compressa L. and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Aster pilosus Willd. and Lactuca scariola L.. The hydrophytes were 34 taxa including 26 taxa of emergent plant, 1 taxa of floating-leaved plant, 2 taxa of free-floating plant and 5 taxa of submerged plant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.15-41
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for conservation of forest ecosystem by surveying and analysing the flora distributed in Nakdong-Jeongmaek Mountains, Korea. The numbers of flora were 901 taxa including 116 families, 433 genera, 790 species, 4 subspecies, 90 varieties, 15 forms and 2 hybrids. The threatened species was Pedicularis ishidoyana. The rare plants were 33 taxa including Pseudostellaria sylvatica, Cimicifuga heracleifolia var. bifida, Isopyrum mandshuricum, Paeonia japonica, Syringa patula var. kamibayshii, Lilium distichum, Iris odaesanensis and so forth. The Korean endemic plants were 35 taxa including Salix koriyanagi, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Corydalis maculata, Lespedeza maritima, Cirsium setidens, Carex okamotoi and so forth. The specific plants by floristic region were 155 taxa including 55 taxa of grade I, 41 taxa of grade II, 36 taxa of grade III, 18 taxa of grade IV and 5 taxa of grade V. The naturalized plants were 62 taxa including Rumex obtusifolius, Amaranthus lividus, Medicago sativa, Geranium carolinianum, Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana, Foeniculum vulgare, Sonchus oleraceus, Tradescantia reflexa and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 5 taxa including Rumex acetocella, Solanum carolinense, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Aster pilosus and Lactuca scariola.