• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.229-251
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• 2022

In 2017, an intraplate earthquake of Mw 7.1 occurred 120 km from Mexico City (CDMX). Most collapsed structural buildings stroked by the earthquake were flat slab systems joined to reinforced concrete (RC) columns, unreinforced masonry, confined masonry, and dual systems. This article presents the simulated response of an actual six-story RC frame building with masonry infill walls that did not collapse during the 2017 earthquake. It has a structural system similar to that of many of the collapsed buildings and is located in a high seismic amplification zone. Five 3D numerical models were used in the study to model the seismic response of the building. The building dynamic properties were identified using an ambient vibration test (AVT), enabling validation of the building's finite element models. Several assumptions were made to calibrate the numerical model to the properties identified from the AVT, such as the presence of adjacent buildings, variations in masonry properties, soil-foundation-structure interaction, and the contribution of non-structural elements. The results showed that the infill masonry wall would act as a compression strut and crack along the transverse direction because the shear stresses in the original model (0.85 MPa) exceeded the shear strength (0.38 MPa). In compression, the strut presents lower stresses (3.42 MPa) well below its capacity (6.8 MPa). Although the non-structural elements were not considered to be part of the lateral resistant system, the results showed that these elements could contribute by resisting part of the base shear force, reaching a force of 82 kN.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권5A호
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• pp.641-647
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• 2008

본 논문은 상시진동데이터로부터 구조물의 고유진동수 및 감쇠비를 추정하는 기법을 소개한다. 제안된 기법은 TDD기법에서 추출된 모드형상과 상호상관신호로부터 직교 잡음이 제거된 자유진동함수를 추출하고 시스템 인식기술을 적용하여서 각 모드별 고유진동수와 감쇠비를 추정한다. 제안 알고리즘의 정확도는 수치적으로 기존의 기법과 비교분석 되었다. 제안 알고리즘의 현장 적용성 검토는 서해대교 보강형의 수직방향 가속도에 대한 상시진동데이터를 통하여 검증되었으며, 총 24개의 저차모드가 추출되었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.273-286
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• 2001

Viscoelastic (VE) dampers have shown to be capable of providing structures with considerable additional damping to reduce the dynamic response of structures. However, the VE material appears to be sensitive to the variations in ambient temperature and vibration frequency. To minimize these effects, a new VE material has been developed. This new material shows less sensitivity to variations in vibration frequency and temperature. However, it is highly dependent on the shear strain. Experimental studies on the seismic behavior of a 2/5 scale five-story steel frame with these new VE dampers have been carried out. Test results show that the structural response can be effectively reduced due to the added stiffness and damping provided by the new type of VE dampers under both mild and strong earthquake ground motions. In addition, analytical studies have been carried out to describe the strain-dependent behavior of the VE damper. The dynamic properties and hysteresis behavior of the dampers can be simulated by a simple bilinear model based on the equivalent dissipated energy principle proposed in this study.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.209-225
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• 2015

Compared to ambient vibration testing, impact testing has the merit to extract not only structural modal parameters but also structural flexibility. Therefore, structural deflections under any static load can be predicted from the identified results of the impact test data. In this article, a signal processing procedure for structural flexibility identification is first presented. Especially, practical issues in applying the proposed procedure for structural flexibility identification are investigated, which include sensitivity analyses of three pre-defined parameters required in the data pre-processing stage to investigate how they affect the accuracy of the identified structural flexibility. Finally, multiple-reference impact test data of a three-span reinforced concrete T-beam bridge are simulated by the FE analysis, and they are used as a benchmark structure to investigate the practical issues in the proposed signal processing procedure for structural flexibility identification.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.583-590
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• 2018

Nowadays, many tunnels have been commissioned for several decades, which require effective inspection methods to assess their health conditions. The ambient vibration test has been widely adopted for the damage identification of concrete structures. In this study, the vibration characters of tunnel lining shells built with forepoling method was analyzed based on the analytical solutions of the Donnell-Mushtari shell theory. The broken rock, foreploing, rock-concrete contacts between rock mass and concrete lining, was represented by elastic boundaries with normal and shear stiffness. The stiffness of weak contacts has significant effects on the natural frequency of tunnel lining. Numerical simulations were also carried out to compare with the results of the analytical methods, showing that even though the low nature frequency is difficult to distinguish, the presented approach is convenient, effective and accurate to estimate the natural frequency of tunnel linings. Influences of the void, the lining thickness and the concrete type on natural frequencies were evaluated.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 교량의 건전도 감시용 자립형 계측유닛을 위한 교량의 상시진동을 이용한 진동발전시스템을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 전기자 반작용의 영향을 최소화한 새로운 구조의 진동발전기를 제안하고, 기계적 및 전기적인 설계식을 유도한 다음, 시험용 진동발전기를 제작하였다. 또한, 매우 작은 발전 전류의 축전시스템에 대하여 고찰하고 개선점을 도출하였다. 축전시스템에 대한 고찰 결과, 정류기에 사용된 다이오드 특성이 충전과정에서 지배적임을 밝혔다. 마지막으로, 진동발전시스템 모델에 실측 남해대교 가속도 데이터를 적용한 시뮬레이션과 실내 실험을 수행하였고, 제작된 시험용 진동발전기의 적용성과 효용성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2014

Vibration based damage detection is very popular in the civil engineering area. Especially, special structures like dams, long-span bridges and high-rise buildings, need continues monitoring in terms of mechanical properties of material, static and dynamic behavior. It has been stated in the International Commission on Large Dams that more than half of the large concrete dams were constructed more than 50 years ago and the old dams have subjected to repeating loads such as earthquake, overflow, blast, etc.,. So, some unexpected failures may occur and catastrophic damages may be taken place because of theloss of strength, stiffness and other physical properties of concrete. Therefore, these dams need repairs provided with global damage evaluation in order to preserve structural integrity. The paper aims to show the effectiveness of the model updating method for global damage detection on a laboratory arch dam model. Ambient vibration test is used in order to determine the experimental dynamic characteristics. The initial finite element model is updated according to the experimentally determined natural frequencies and mode shapes. The web thickness is selected as updating parameter in the damage evaluation. It is observed from the study that the damage case is revealed with high accuracy and a good match is attained between the estimated and the real damage cases by model updating method.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.769-782
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• 2006

상시 운행 열차는 운행 속도 대역폭이 한정되어 있기 때문에 속도에 따른 교량의 동적응답 특성 파악에는 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 교량상을 통과하는 열차 속도와 교량의 동적응답의 상관관계를 파악하기 위하여 실운행 디젤 기관차 1량에 의한 증속실험을 실시하였다. 가속도 응답특성 분석을 위하여 지점부를 제외한 전구간에 걸쳐 등간격으로 7개의 수직가속도와 중앙부에 1개의 수평가속도계를 부착하였다. 교량의 중앙부에는 연직방향과 횡방향 거동특성 파악을 위하여 수직 변위계, 수평 변위계, 휨변형률계를 각각 1개씩 설치하였다. 실험 차량을 대상 교량의 중앙부와 지점부에 정적재하 후 5km/h부터 90km/h까지 10km/h씩 증속하였고, 각 속도 대역별로 2회씩 반복하여 실험을 실시하였다. 실측 데이터의 필터링 방법에 따른 진동 평가 방법의 적절성을 검토하였고, 연직방향 진동가속도 대비 횡방향 진동수준을 평가하였으며, 속도에 따른 처짐, 변형률 및 윤중변동 특성을 검토하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2023

Using the most up-to-date system identification methods in both time and frequency domains, the dynamic monitoring data from the reinforced concrete Egebaekvej Bridge near Holte, Denmark, is examined in this investigation. The bridge was erected in the 1960s and was still standing during test campaign before demolishing. The ARTeMIS Modal was adopted to derive the modal parameters from ambient vibration data. Several Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) approaches were applied, including Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD), Curve-fit Frequency Domain Decomposition (CFDD), and Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD). Afterward, Principal Component (SSI-PC), Unweighted Principal Component (SSI-UPC) Stochastic Subspace Identification methods were utilized. Danish engineering consulting company, COWI with the allowance of the bridge contractor BARSLUND, allow the researcher for this experimental test to demonstrate the impact of OMA applications.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2008

주파수영역과 시간영역의 두가지 방법을 통하여 감쇠율을 분석하였다. 11층${\sim}$19층 범위의 철근콘크리트 건물에 대하여 주파수 영역에서의 해석을 위한 상시진동과 시간영역에서의 해석을 위한 인력가진을 실시하였다. 하프파워법의 적용성을 검토하기 위하여 1024, 2048, 4096 세가지 앙상블 샘플사이즈에 대하여 분석하였다. 인력가진법에 의한 장변과 단변의 감쇠율은 각각 1.05%${\sim}$1.22%과 1.16%${\sim}$1.50%이다. 하프파워법은 감쇠율을 약간 과대평가할 수 있지만, 계측데이터의 길이를 가능한 길게 하여 bandwidth를 작게 하면 감쇠율 평가의 정밀도를 향상할 수 있었다.