• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.206-212
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• 2000

The effects of two phosphorus sources (fused phosphate and rock phosphate), applied at different rates, on growth, arbuscular-mycorrhizae(AM) formation in roots and nutrient contents of trifoliate orange grown in an uncultivated volcanic ash soil were investigated in a greenhouse. The seedlings were either inoculated with AM fungi or left uninnoculated. Growth of seedlings were best in the treatments of 156-272 mg P/kg with fused phosphate. Although the applied P in the rack phosphate treatments were nearly same or much higher comparing to the fused phosphate treatments, seedling growth were significantly less. Soil available P in the treatment of 272 mg P/kg of fused phosphate was maintained in the range of 3-5 mg/kg during the experiment, and the AM formation was about 60% in average. In the treatments of lower rates of fused phosphate application or of rock phosphate application, soil available P were lower than 3 mg P/kg and AM formations were less than 30%. Significant increases were found in seedling growth and nutrient absorption due to AM fungi inoculation, and the effects were much more significant in the treatments of higher AM formation. In most of citrus groves in Cheju island, soil available P is much higher than 200 mg P/kg, and average AM formation in citrus roots is less than 30%. Results obtained in this study show that the formation of AM can be increased at much lower level of available P than the present levels found in citrus groves.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 1998

To investigate the genetic polymorphisms and constitutions of blood proteins and enzymes in the Korean native cattle population of National Livestock Cooperatives Federation(NLCF), the genetic variants of transferrin(Tf), post-transferrin-2(pTf-2), albumin(Alb), post-albumin(pAlb), ceruloplasmin(Cp), amylase-I(Am-I) and herroglobin(Hb) were analyzed using the PAGE(polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and ST AGE(starch gel electrophoresis) methods. On the genetic variants of the serum proteins, the transferrin(Tf) locus was assumed to be genetically controlled by codominant alleles, Tf A, $D_1$, $D_2$ and E alleles, and the gene frequencies of these were 0.249, 0.248, 0.260 and 0.243, respectively. The post-transferrin locus was observed to be controlled by pTf-2 F and S alleles, and the gene frequencies of these were 0.662 and 0.338, respectively. The post-albumin(pAlb) loci were identified to be controlled by two alleles, pAlb F and S alleles for pAlb locus, and the gene frequncies of these were 0.440 and 0.560 for pAlb F and S alleles, respectively. On the genetic variants of the serum enzymes, ceruloplasmin(Cp) and amylase-I(Am-I) loci were found to be controlled by two alleles, Cp F and S for Cp locus, and Am-I B and C for Am-I locus, and gene frequencies of these were 0.319 and 0.681 for Cp F and S, and 0.871 and 0.120 for Am-I Band C, respectively. On the genetic variants of the hemoglobin(Hb), the distributions of genotypes were 76.5, 21.2 and 2.3% for Hb AA, AB and BB types, and the gene frequnecies for Hb A and B were 0.871 and 0.129, respectively. On the effects of genetic variants of blood proteins, Tf $D_1D_1$, $D_2D_2$ and $D_2E$ genotypes were significantly higher on body weight at 6 month and average daily gain than that of other Tf genotypes.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.269-274
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• 2004

Current delivery system, in which the analog current produced by a unique DAC circuit is stored into a current-memory circuit and delivered in a time-divided sequence, shows variation of output current as low as 4% in a current source data-driver IC for AM-OLED driven by a current-programmed method without any fuse repairing after fabrication. This driver IC has 54 outputs and can sink constant current as low as 3 ${\mu}A$ with 6-bit analog levels. Such a low current level without variation can hardly be obtained by an ordinary MOS transistor because the current level is in the sub-threshold region and changes exponentially with threshold voltage variation. Thus we adopted a current mirror circuit composed of bipolar transistors to supply well-controlled current within a nano-ampere range.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2004

A newly developed flexible active-matrix (AM-) electrophoretic display (EPD) is reported. The AM-EPD features: (1) low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin film transistor (TFT) technology, (2) fully integrated scan- and data-drivers, (3) flexibility and light-weight realized by transferring the whole circuits onto a plastic substrate using $SUFTLA^{TM}$ (Surface Free Technology by Laser Annealing/Ablation) process. A large storage capacitor is formed in each pixel so that driving electric field can be kept sufficiently strong during a writing period Two-phase driving scheme, a reset-phase which erases a previous image and a writing-phase for writing a new image, was chosen to cope with EPD's high driving voltage. The flexible AM-EPD has been successfully operated with a driving voltage of 8.5 V.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.225-236
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• 2007

Tic disorder show purposeless, repeated, unexpected, involuntary behavior and voice, can be divided into motor, vocal tic. this is about a patient who suffered from motor tic, tachycardia and other symptoms. We treated him with Sa-am acupuncture and other oriental medicine from the viewpoint of weak of kidney power. involuntary movement was estimated by doctor with Yale Global Tic Severity Scale(YGTSS). The patient's motor tic, tachycardia and other symptoms were improved and YGTSS also decresed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1898-1904
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• 2008

Study of computational model of the concerted Diels-Alder reaction between 9,10-dimethyl anthracene (as donor) and tetracyanoethylene (as acceptor) in absence and in presence of aromatic solvents (benzene, mesitylene and hexamethylbenzene, as donors) using an AM1 semi-empirical method. AM1 method used to study the neutral charge transfer complex models that could be expected between donor and acceptor during the course of the concerted Diels-Alder reaction. Calculated enthalpies of reaction of the charge transfer complexes models showed physical and chemical meaning for explain the effect of aromatic solvents on the kinetic process of concerted Diels-Alder reaction that contains tetracyanoethylene.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.256-259
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• 2009

The effects of benomyl treatment on ginsenoside and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis in the roots of Panax ginseng that were collected from two sites in Korea were investigated. The ginseng roots that were treated with benomyl showed different species compositions of AM fungi colonizing the ginseng roots, compared to untreated roots. In the analysis of ginsenoside, Rc was significantly higher in benomyl untreated roots than in benomyl treated roots. The results suggest that AM fungal species composition and ginsenosides in ginseng root could be influenced by the benomyl treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.187-187
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• 2000

Properties of electrical discharge in flames are investigated by making use of the ionization cross section of air. Fames have three distictive features. They are hot, emit light and are weakly ionized. We investigate influence of these three characteristics of flames on the electrical breakdown. It is found that the breakdown electric field in flames is inversely proportional to the flame temperature, thereby easily generating plasmas in flames. A swarm of low-energy electrons in flames would allow significant population of electronically excited states of flame molecules to be formed. Therefore, the analysis shows that the electronic excitation of flame molecules may also considerably reduce the breakdown field. Plasma electrons generate atomic oxygens by the electron attachment of oxygen molecules in high-pressure flames. These oxygen atoms are the most reactive radicals in flames for material oxidation. How are you and your family in this new year\ulcorner Professor Choi! I plan to go back Korea on February 6. All my family members are fine and have good time because I am here. Once I am in Korea, I will call you. I am always grateful for your helpful hand. Thank you so much.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.1412-1420
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• 2018

An experiment was performed using the large-scale test facility (LSTF), which simulated a 1% vessel upper head small-break loss-of-coolant accident with an accident management (AM) measure under an assumption of total-failure of high-pressure injection (HPI) system in a pressurized water reactor (PWR). In the LSTF test, liquid level in the upper head affected break flow rate. Coolant was manually injected from the HPI system into cold legs as the AM measure when the maximum core exit temperature reached 623 K. The cladding surface temperature largely increased due to late and slow response of the core exit thermocouples. The AM measure was confirmed to be effective for the core cooling. The RELAP5/MOD3.3 code indicated insufficient prediction of primary coolant distribution. The author conducted uncertainty analysis for the LSTF test employing created phenomena identification and ranking table for each component. The author clarified that peak cladding temperature was largely dependent on the combination of multiple uncertain parameters within the defined uncertain ranges.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.155-157
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• 1992

Extensive search over the energy surface of bicyclo[4.2.2]decapentaene with MMP2 molecular mechanics method and AM1 semiempirical MO method revealed only one, deep energy minimum structure, which corresponds to 1. The alternative structure 2 could not be identified as a stationary point. Although the deviation of benzenoid ring from planarity is large in the energy minimum structure (${\phi} = 26^{\circ}$(MMP2), $37^{circ}$ (AM1)), the bond lengths show no severe alternation.