• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.560-570
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• 2009

RFID, Radio Frequency Identification, is a technology of automated identification replacing bar-code. RFID technology has advantages that it recognizes fast and it is strong to contamination using wireless communication. However, there are difficult problems that should be solved for popularization of RFID. Among of these, tag anti-collision problem is dealed in this paper. It affected the performance of RFID system directly. This paper analyzes conventional algorithms and proposes new algorithms of tag anti-collision. The algorithm proposed was composed of appropriate properties to each phase of distribution and recognition as hybrid between ALOHA-based algorithm and QT-based algorithm. At phase of distribution, the number of tags recognizing at a frame was reduced using ALOHA-based algorithm. It addressed the delay problem because of deep depth of tree. At phase of recognition, it solved ALOHA-based chronic problem that couldn't recognize all the tags sometimes. Moreover, QTR algorithm that recognize by reversed tag IDs was adopted for the performance. The FQTR algorithm proposed in this paper showed brilliant performance as compared with convention algorithms by simulation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.685-688
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• 2017

Using ALOHA and PHAST Program, it was modeled assuming the leakage accident scenarios of chlorine which is designated as accident preparation chemical in chemical control act. End-point distances corresponding to ERPG-2 concentrations were calculated while varying annual mean temperature, wind speed, humidity, and atmospheric stability. The calculated endpoint distance values were compared and the correlation with each meteorological factor was analyzed. And we also investigated strengths and weaknesses of ALOHA and PHAST. The results show that ALOHA has little or no correlation with annual average temperature, humidity and it has a large correlation with wind speed and atmospheric stability. In the case of PHAST, the end-point distances were correlated with all the meteorological factors such as average annual temperature, wind speed, humidity, and atmospheric stability, Among them, the effect of atmospheric stability were the largest.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2014

In this paper, a DFSA (Dynamic Framed Slotted ALOHA) based anti-collision algorithm is described and a performance improved algorithm of DFSA and FSA is proposed. The proposed method makes use of expected values and has merits in operation speed by estimating closest value of the number of tags on a single operation. The algorithm compares and analyses number of empty slots and collide slots in accordance with the number of tags, which enables estimation of actual number of tags. we simulated the proposed algorithm and compared it with conventional methods. Results show that our method needs average 18.8 rounds to identify all tags. In case of less than 1000 tags, an average of 18.2 rounds is necessary and an average of 19.2 rounds is needed to identify all tags for more than 1000 tags. The proposed algorithm improves processing speed by 3.1 % comparing to DFSA with cancellation strategy, 10.1 % comparing to DFSA, 37.5 % comparing to FSA(Framed Slotted ALOHA).

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.31-34
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• 2002

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.53-61
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• 2008

Consider a typical wireless sensor network in which stem nodes form the backbone network of mesh topology while each stem node together with leaf nodes in its vicinity forms a subnetwork of star topology. In such a wireless sensor network, we must heed the following when we design a MAC scheme supporting the packet delivery from a leaf node to a stem node. First, leaf nodes are usually battery-powered and it is difficult to change or recharge their batteries. Secondly, a wireless sensor network is often deployed to collect and update data periodically. Late delivery of a data segment by a sensor node causes the sink node to defer data processing and the data segment itself to be obsolete. Thirdly, extensive signaling is extremely limited and complex computation is hardly supported. Taking account of these facts, a MAC scheme must be able to save energy and support timeliness in packet delivery while being simple and robust as well. In this paper, we propose a version of ALOHA as a MAC scheme for a wireless sensor network. While conserving the simplicity and robustness of the original version of ALOHA, the proposed version of ALOHA possesses a distinctive feature that a sensor node decides between stop and continuation prior to each delivery attempt for a packet. Such a decision needs a stopping rule and we suggest a Bayes stopping rule. Note that a Bayes stopping rule minimizes the Bayes risk which reflects the energy, timeliness and throughput losses. Also, a Bayes stopping rule is practical since a sensor node makes a decision only using its own history of delivery attempt results and the prior information about the failure in delivery attempt. Numerical examples confirm that the proposed version of ALOHA employing a Bayes stopping rule is a useful MAC scheme in the severe environment of wireless sensor network.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.359-368
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• 2015

In this paper, we investigate the capture effect through experiments conducted with Iris nodes equipped with AT86RF230 radio transceivers. It is shown that the first arriving packet in a collision can capture the radio channel for equal power transmissions and may be decoded depending on the amount of overlap. A new 3-packet-capture scenario is introduced and implemented. To be able to understand the impact of capture on the throughput performance of wireless sensor networks, we present an analysis of the capture coefficient using our practical results. For real-world implementations, the throughput of pure ALOHA considering a finite number of users is presented in analytical form. The capture coefficient is then applied to pure ALOHA as a case study. Using analytical and practical implementations of the capture effect on ALOHA, a very good match in channel throughput performance enhancement is demonstrated over the non-capture effect case. TinyOS-2.x is used to program the nodes and to observe data exchange on a computer through a base station.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2012

With a game-theoretic view, p-persistence slotted ALOHA is structured as a non-cooperative game, in which a Nash equilibrium is sought to provide a value for the probability of attempting to deliver a packet. An expression of Nash equilibrium necessarily includes the number of active outer stations, which is hardly available in many practical applications. In this paper, we thus propose a Bayesian scheme of predicting the number of active outer stations prior to deciding whether to attempt to deliver a packet or not. Despite only requiring the minimal information that an outer station is genetically able to acquire by itself, the Bayesian scheme demonstrates the competitive predicting performance against a method which depends on heavy information.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.857-863
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of Hibiscus patterns expressed on Aloha shirts. This study analyzed real data collected from man's aloha shirts displayed at the International Market Place in Waikiki of Hawaii during January 21-27, 2007. 35 pieces of Aloha shirts with Hibiscus Patterns were was analyzed. The total of each analysis means all number of patterns sampled or appeared to analyze the types of patterns. The motif of Hibiscus was sampled a total of 42 units for some shirts having several motifs. Its motif was divided into two groups, 20 units(47.62%) of natural type and 22 units(52.38%) of stylized type, according to modeling. Two types were much the same percentage. Hibiscus patterns were classified into three groups, isolated, band and arabesque type, by formation type. The isolated type was appeared most frequently. The layout of Hibiscus pattern was classified into three groups, engineered print, all over print and border print. All over print was appeared most frequently. The data of this study will be provided as a resource to promote using and developing of the pattern of Korean rose of Sharon.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.235-237
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 전용 코드 방식의 CDMA 슬롯 ALOHA 시스템에서 패킷 전송 확률을 동적으로 제어하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 전용 코드 방식의 CDMA 슬롯 ALOHA 시스템에서는 고유의 확산코드론 이용하여 패킷을 전송하므로 패킷 충돌로 인한 전송 실패는 없는 반면, 다원 접속 간섭에 의한 비트 오류가 패킷 전송의 실패 요인 된다. 제안한 알고리즘에서는 기지국이 망의 부하에 따라 단말기들의 패킷 전송 확률을 계산하여 방송하고, 단말기에서는 이를 기반으로 패킷 전송을 시도한다. 성능 분석의 결과, 제안한 알고리즘은 망의 부하에 따라 적응적으로 전송 확률을 제어함으로써 동시에 전송되는 패킷의 수를 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있었으며, 이로 인하여 시스템 성능이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.441-444
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 CDMA S-ALOHA 시스템에서 단말기들의 공평한 패킷 전송을 보장하기 위한 중앙 집중형 백오프 기법을 제안하고 이에 대한 성능을 분석한다. 전용 코드 방식의 CDMA 시스템에서는 각 단말기들이 고유의 확산코드를 이용하여 패킷을 전송하므로 패킷 충돌로 인한 전송 실패는 없는 반면, 다원 전속 간섭에 의한 비트 오류가 패킷 전송의 실패 요인이 된다. 제안한 기법에서는 기지국이 망의 부하에 따라 단말기들의 백오프를 위한 확률을 계산하여 방송하고, 단말기에서는 이를 기반으로 패킷 전송을 시도한다.