• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-196
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• 2010

Multiplex PCR-based short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is considered as a good tool for monitoring bone marrow engraftment after sex-mismatched allogeneic transplantation and provides a sensitive and accurate assessment of the contribution of both donor and/or recipient cells in post-transplantation specimens. Forensic STR analysis and quantitative real time PCR are used to determine the proportion of donor versus recipient each contained within the total DNA. The STR markers were co-amplified in a single reaction by using commercial $PowerPlex^{(R)}$ 16 system and $AmpFISTR^{(R)}$ $Identifiler^{(R)}$ / $Yfiler^{(R)}$ PCR amplification kits. Separation of the PCR products and fluorescence detection were performed by ABI $PRIS^{(R)}$ 3100 Genetic Analyzer with capillary electrophoresis. The $GeneMapper^{TM}$ ID software were used for size calling and analysis of STR profiles. Extracted DNA was quantified by the $Quantifiler^{TM}$ Human DNA / Y Human Male DNA Quantification Kit The intent of this study was to analyze the ratio of donor versus recipient cells in the post-transplant peripheral blood, spleen, lung and kidney specimens. Specimens were taken from the traffic accident male victim who had been engrafted from bone marrow female donor. Blood and spleen specimens displayed female donor DNA profile. Kidney specimen showed male recipient DNA profile. Interestingly, lung tissue showed mixed profiles. The findings of this study indicate that the forensic STR analysis using fluorescence labeling PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis is quick and reliable enough to assess the ratio of donor versus recipient cells and to monitor the mixed chimeric patterns.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.154-162
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• 2006

Background: Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy is studied for several years. However, it is mainly derived from autologous PBMC or leukapheresis from patient, which has limitations about yield and ability of DC production according to individual status. In order to solve these problems, inquiries about allogeneic DCs are performed but there are no preclinical trial answers for effect or toxicity of allogeneic DC to use for clinical trial. In this study, we compared the anti-tumor effect of allogeneic and autologous DCs from mouse bone marrow stem cells in mouse metastatic melanoma model. Methods: B16F10 melanoma cells ($5{\times}10^4$/mouse) were injected intravenously into the C57BL/6 mouse. Therapeutic DCs were differentiated from autologous (C57BL/6: CDC) or allogeneic (B6C3F1: BDC) bone marrow stem cells with GM-CSF, SCF and IL-4 for 13days and pulsed with B16F10 tumor cell lysate (Blys) for 18hrs. DC intra-peritoneal injections began on the 8th day after the tumor cell injection by twice with one week interval. Results: Anti-tumor response was observed by DC treatment without any toxicity especially in allogeneic DC treated mice (tumor burden score: $2.667{\pm}0.184,\;2.500{\pm}0.463,\;2.000{\pm}0.286,\;1.500{\pm}0.286,\;1.667 {\pm}0.297$ for saline, CDC/unpulsed-DC: U-DC, CDC/Blys-DC, BDC/U-DC and BDC/Blys-DC, respectively). IFN-${\gamma}$ secretion was significantly increased in allogeneic DC group stimulated with B16F10 cell lysate ($2,643.3{\pm}5,89.7,\;8,561.5{\pm}2,204.9.\;6,901.2{\pm}141.1pg/1{\times}10^6$ cells for saline, BDC/U-DC and BDC/Blys-DC, respectively) with increased NK cell activity. Conclusion: Conclusively, promising data was obtained that allogeneic DC can be used for DC-based cancer immunotherapy.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.58-60
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• 2011

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a well-known complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and has heterogeneous manifestations, with multi-organ involvement. Recently, polymyositis (PM) was reported to be a rare manifestation of chronic GVHD. Here, we report a 30-year-old woman who was diagnosed with PM after allogeneic BMT.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2012

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered the optimal curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but some patients develop bone marrow relapse due to remnant leukemia, and few patients develop extramedullary relapse without bone marrow relapse. Isolated extramedullary relapse (IMER) is defined as extramedullary relapse without bone marrow relapse. IMER has been reported in various sites, including the skin, soft tissue, and central nervous system(CNS). Isolated CNS relapse is relatively rare and is associated with poor prognosis due to the absence of an optimal treatment for it. Reported herein is a case involving an adult AML woman who suffered from isolated extramedullary relapse in the CNS after allogeneic HSCT. She was treated with intrathecal chemotherapy and whole-brain and spine radiotherapy, followed by systemic chemotherapy. She is currently well, with no evidence of leukemia recurrence for over six years.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.350-364
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• 1995

As early as 1889, treatment of ostemyelitis was reported using xenogeneic demineralized bone. In 1965, Urist discovered that demineralized long bone fragment, even when implanted in nonskeletal tissue, would stimulate osteogenesis. The clinical use of demineralized bone of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery is not new. The demineralized bone implants were used for 1) interposition within osteotomy gaps, cystic detects, alveolar clefts ; 2) augmentation, over intact bone surfaces ; 3) construction of new bone within soft tissue. Demineralized bone grafts invokes a induced osteogenesis which is the transformation of host cells into osteoblasts. Demineralized bone has identified several factors that modulate the osteogeneic response : sterilization method, recipient age, particle size etc. Especially, pulverization of bone matrix may enhance its osteoinductive properties, to allow rapid, efficient bridging of large defects. the purpose of the present report was to describe the potential efficacy of demineralized allogeneic bone powder of skull of rabbits as a particle size ; 212 ${\mu}m$, 710 ${\mu}m$, 1 mm each other. Microscopic finding in our experimental studies shown that 710 ${\mu}m$ demineralized bone powder is the most potent osteogenic response, and then 212 ${\mu}m$, 1 mm size. Densitometric analysis shown that density of all group was continue to increase until 4 weeks after operation, and then continue to decrease.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.187-195
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• 2007

The cord blood serves as a vehicle for the transportation of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. In the past, the human cord blood has generally been discarded after birth. However, numerous studies have described the regenerative ability of the cord blood cells in various incurable diseases. The umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived stem cells are obtained through non-invasive methods that are not harmful to both the mother and the fetus. Furthermore, the cord blood stem cells are more immature than the adult stem cells and expand readily in vitro. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity to differentiate in vitro into various mesodermal (bone, cartilage, tendon, muscle, and adipose), endodermal (hepatocyte), and ectodermal (neurons) tissues. This review describes the immunological properties of the human UCB-MSCs to assess their potential usefulness in the allogeneic transplantation for the regenerative medicine.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.125-134
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• 2015

Acute graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) is characterized by selective damage to the liver, the skin, and the gastrointestinal tract. Following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, donor bone marrow (BM) cells repopulate the immune system of the recipient. We previously demonstrated that the acute intestinal GVHD (iGVHD) mortality rate was higher in MyD88-deficient BM recipients than that in the control BM recipients. In the present study, the role of MyD88 (expressed by donor BM) in the pathophysiology of hepatic GVHD (hGVHD) was examined. Unlike iGVHD, transplantation with MyD88-deficient T-cell depleted (TCD) BM attenuated hGVHD severity and was associated with low infiltration of T cells into the liver of the recipients. Moreover, GVHD hosts, transplanted with MyD88-deficient TCD BM, exhibited markedly reduced expansion of $CD11b^+Gr-1^+$ myeloidderived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the liver. Adoptive injection of the MDSC from wild type mice, but not MyD88-deficient mice, enhanced hepatic T cell infiltration in the MyD88-deficient TCD BM recipients. Pre-treatment of BM donors with LPS increased MDSC levels in the liver of allogeneic wild type BM recipients. In conclusion, hGVHD and iGVHD may occur through various mechanisms based on the presence of MyD88 in the non-T cell compartment of the allograft.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2004

Objective : To examine the association between hospital procedure volume and treatment outcomes following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT). Methods : Out of 1,050 patients who received allo-BMTs between 1998 and 2000 in 21 Korean hospitals, 752 with first allo-BMT and complete data were included in this study. Study subjects were divided into the following three groups according to cumulative hospital experience of all-BMTs during the study period: low (<30 cases), medium (30-49) and high ($\geq$50 cases) volume. Patient outcome was defined as early survival at day 100 and one-year survival. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between hospital experience and survival at day 100 and one year. Results : When the low volume group was defined as the reference group, the adjusted relative risks (RR) of survival at day 100 for the high volume group were 2.46(95% CI, 1.13-5.36) for all patients, 2.61(1.04-6.57) for those with leukemia, and 2.20(0.47-10.32) for those with aplastic anemia. For one-year survival, adjusted RR for the high volume group were 2.52(1.40-4.51) for all patients, 1.99 (1.01-3.93) for leukemia, and 6.50(1.57-26.80) for aplastic anemia. None of the RR for the medium volume group was statistically significant. Patient factors showing significant relationship with survival were donor-recipient relation, human leukocyte antigen matching status, time from diagnosis to transplant, and disease stage. Conclusions : The study results suggest that the cumulative experience of hospitals in providing allo-BMT is positively associated with patient survival.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 1993

To repair bony defects with tansplanted bone in the body, fresh autogenous bone is undoubtly, the most effective bone graft for clinical applications. But the demineralized bone has the matrix-induced bone formation which was suggested by Urist in 1965. Many authors assisted that demineralized bone powder induces phenotypic conversion of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts, with high-density bone formation. The process of inducing differentiated cells becomes osteogenic properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteoinductive capacity of allogenic freeze-dried demineralized bone block (FDD, $7{\times}7mm$) and to compare FDD with the same sue of deep-frozen allogenic bone(DF), fresh autogenous bone (A) after implantation. The histological and ultrastructural features of tissue responses were examined after 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks implantation of each experimental groups in the operative site of the New Zealand white rabbits. The results were as follows : 1. Inflammatory cell infiltration generally has appeared at 1 week, but reduced at 4 weeks in each group, but most severe in DF group. 2. Osteoblastic activity has increased for 4 weeks, but decreased at 6 weeks in each group and there was no significant difference among experimental groups. 3. New bone formation has begun at 1week, least activations in A groups, and showed the revesal line of bone formation among each group at 6 to 8 weeks. 4. Bone resorption has appeared at 1 week, but disappeared at 4 weeks in both A and DF groups, but more severe in DF than A groups. 5. In ultrastructural changs, the DF group have showed the most remarkable osteoclastic activities among experimental groups. 6. Osteoid or tangled collagen fibrils near the implanted sites were replaced by more mature, lamellated bony trabeculae during bone remodeling. There was little difference among each experimental groups. 7. During the convertion osteoblasts to osteocytes which embedded within the bone matrix, there was organ-less-poor cytoplasm, increased nuclear chromatin, abundant rough endothelial reticulum (RER) in each groups. From the above the findings, the DF group shored more bone resorption and foreign body reaction than FDD and A groups, and FDD group showed more new bone formation or osteoblastic activity than DF and A groups in early stage. There was no significant difference of cellular activities among the FDD DF, and A groups according to the time.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.32 no.4 s.299
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• pp.285-297
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• 1994