• 제목/요약/키워드: Allium cepa L

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양파(Allium cepa L.) 유전자원의 Flavonol 배당체 조성 및 함량 (The Compositions and Contents of Flavonol Glycosides in Onion (Allium cepa L.) Germplasm)

  • 이정로;이민기;김헌웅;이성현;이영민;장환희;황경아;곽재균;고호철;김정봉;조진웅
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.385-389
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    • 2014
  • 국내외 75점의 흰색 및 자색 양파 유전자원으로부터 총 5종의 flavonol 배당체(Q34'diG, Q3G, Q4'G, I4'G, Q)를 분리 동정하였다. 양파 내 존재하는 flavonol 배당체는 aglycone인 quercetin 및 isorhamnetin에 하나 또는 두 개의 glucose가 결합된 형태로 검출되었다. 총 flavonol 함량 범위는 흰색 양파가 0.18-6.47 mg/g, 자색 양파가 2.39-6.47 mg/g 이었으며, 자색 양파가 평균 4.41 mg/g 로 흰색 양파(3.23 mg/g)보다 약 1.4배 높았다. 양파의 주요 성분으로는 Q34'diG 및 Q4'G 총함량 비율이 흰색 및 자색 양파에서 모두 약 85% 이상을 보였다.

Construction of genetic linkage maps of Allium cepa using genotyping-by-sequencing

  • Lee, Daewoong;Chung, Yong Suk;Kim, Changsoo;Jun, Tae-Hwan
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.117-117
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    • 2017
  • The onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium, especially it has been valued because of the pungent flavor and aroma. Allium species including onion has very large genome sizes ranging from approximately 10 to 20 Gbp, which have complicated genomic studies and precluded genome sequencing until recently. A population of 186 F2 individuals derived from a cross of 'Umjinara' ${\times}$ 'Sinsunhwang' and the two parental lines were used for this study. For the development of framework map, various types of markers including SSRs, RAPD, SNPs, and CAPS makers have been used for polymorphism test. Especially, a lot of SNP and CAPS loci were developed from the onion transcriptome sequence by RNASEQ of two parental lines. The GBS libraries have been constructed based on a modified protocol from Poland Lab using a two-enzyme system. We have been developing markers showing polymorphism between two parental lines, and genotyping for all F2 individuals were finished for a number of polymorphic markers. For the construction of GBS libraries, a set of 192 barcoded adapters were generated from complementary oligonucleotides with XhoI overhang sequence and unique barcodes of length 4-8 bp and they have been tested using two parental linesto determine the optimum conditions for GBS analysis.

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Inhibitory Effects of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Extract on Proliferation of Cancer Cells and Adipocytes via Inhibiting Fatty Acid Synthase

  • Wang, Yi;Tian, Wei-Xi;Ma, Xiao-Feng
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제13권11호
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    • pp.5573-5579
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    • 2012
  • Onions (Allium cepa L.) are widely used in the food industry for its nutritional and aromatic properties. Our studies showed that ethyl acetate extract of onion (EEO) had potent inhibitory effects on animal fatty acid synthase (FAS), and could induce apoptosis in FAS over-expressing human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, this apoptosis was accompanied by reduction of intracellular FAS activity and could be rescued by 25 mM or 50 mM exogenous palmitic acids, the final product of FAS catalyzed synthesis. These results suggest that the apoptosis induced by EEO occurs via inhibition of FAS. We also found that EEO could suppress lipid accumulation during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which was also related to its inhibition of intracellular FAS activity. Since obesity is closely related to breast cancer and obese patients are at elevated risk of developing various cancers, these findings suggested that onion might be useful for preventing obesity-related malignancy.

Application of the Molecular Marker in Linkage Disequilibrium with Ms, a Restorer-of-fertility Locus, for Improvement of Onion Breeding Efficiency

  • Kim, Sujeong;Kim, Sunggil
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.550-558
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    • 2015
  • To analyze the linkage relationships among molecular markers recently reported to be linked to onion (Allium cepa L.) Ms, a restorer-of-fertility locus, in onion (Allium cepa L.), three single nucleotide polymorphism markers were converted into cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers based on onion transcriptome sequences and the rice genome database. Analysis of the recombinants selected from 4,273 segregating plants using CAPS and other linked markers demonstrated the jnurf13 and jnurf610 markers to perfectly co-segregate with the Ms locus. In contrast to jnurf13, the jnurf610 marker was not in perfect linkage disequilibrium with the Ms locus in diverse breeding lines. Thus, the jnurf13 marker and the marker for identification of cytoplasm types were utilized to enhance the efficiency of onion breeding through four applications. First, 89 maintainer lines containing the normal cytoplasm and homozygous recessive Ms genotypes were successfully identified from 100 breeding lines. Second, these two molecular markers were used to analyze the main sources of male-fertile contaminants frequently found in the male-sterile parental lines during F1 hybrid seed production. The majority of the contaminants contained heterozygous Ms genotypes, indicating that pollen grains harboring the dominant Ms genotype may have been introduced during propagation of the maintainer lines. Therefore, the genetic purity of the two maintainer lines was analyzed in the third application, and the results showed that both maintainer lines contained 13-21% off-types. Finally, the two markers were used to increase the seed yield potentials of two open-pollinated varieties containing sterile cytoplasms by removing the plants harboring homozygous recessive and heterozygous Ms genotypes.

Effects of Onion (Allium cepa) Skin Extract on Pancreatic Lipase and Body Weight-related Parameters

  • Kim, Hye-Young
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.434-438
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    • 2007
  • The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of onion (Allium cepa) skin extract (OSE) on pancreatic lipase (PL), the key enzyme of the digestion and absorption of dietary fat in the small intestine, and to evaluate its potential for the inhibition of body-weight gain. OSE inhibited PL with an $IC_{50}$ of 53.70 mg/mL, which means as potent as 0.07635% of the activity of orlistat. At 3 and 4 hr after administration of OSE, the plasma triacylglycerol concentration was significantly lower in the OSE-treated rats than control. Body-weight gain and parametrial adipose tissue weights were significantly lower in mice fed the high-fat diet (fat comprises 31% of total calories) with 5%(w/w) OSE than in control. The results suggest that OSE may be an effective nutraceutical for the inhibition of body-weight gain.

Reduction of Stress Caused by Drought and Salt in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crops through Applications of Selected Plant Extracts and the Physiological Response Mechanisms of Rice

  • Hyun Hwa Park;Young Seon Lee;Yong In Kuk
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.57-57
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    • 2022
  • In many areas of the world, salt damage and drought have had a negative impact on human survival due to a decrease in agricultural productivity. For instance, about 50% of agricultural land will be affected by salt damage by 2050. Biostimulants such as plant extracts can not only increase the nutrient utilization efficiency of plants, but also promote plant growth and increase resistance to abiotic or biotic stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine how selected plant extracts might reduce levels of stress caused by drought and salt and to better understand the physiological response mechanisms of rice plants. In this study, we used Soybean leaves, Soybean stems and Allium tuberosum, Allium cepa, Hizikia fusiforme, and Gracilaria verrucosa extracts were used. These extracts had been used in previous studies and were found to be effective. The materials were dried in a dry oven at 50℃ for 5 days and ground using a blender. Each 50 g of materials was put in 1 L of distilled water, stirred for 24 hours, filtered using 4 layers of mirocloth, and then concentrated using a concentrator. Rice (cv. Hopumbyeo) seeds were immersed and germinated, and then sown in seedbeds filled with commercial soil. In drought experiments, three rice seedlings at 1 week after seeding was transplanted into 100 ml cups filled with commercial soils and grown until the 4-leaf stage. For this experiment, the soil weight in a cup was equalized, and water was allowed to become 100% saturated and then drained for 24 hours. Thereafter, plant extracts at 3% concentrations were applied to the soils. For NaCl treatments, rice plants at 17 days after seeding were treated with either 100 mM NaCl or plant extracts at 1%+ 100 mM NaCl combinations in the growth chamber. Leaf injury, relative water content, photosynthetic efficiency, and chlorophyll contents were measured at 3, 5, and 6 days after treatments. Shoot fresh weight of rice under drought conditions increased 28-37% in response to treatments of Soybean leaf, Soybean stem, Allium tuberosum, Allium cepa, Hizikia fusiforme, and Gracilaria verrucosa extracts at 3% when compared with control plants. Shoot fresh weight of rice subjected to 100 mM NaCl treatments also increased by 6-24% in response to Soybean leaf, Soybean stem, Allium tuberosum, Allium cepa, Hizikia fusiforme, and Gracilaria verrucosa extracts at 3% when compared with control plants. Compared to the control, rice plants treated with these six extracts and subjected to drought conditions had significantly higher relative water content, Fv/Fm, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids than control plants. With the exception of relative water contents, rice plants treated with the six extracts and subjected to salt stress (100 mM NaCl treatments) had significantly higher Fv/Fm, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids than control plants. However, the type of extract used did not produce significant difference in these parameters. Thus, all the plant extracts used in this study could mitigate drought and NaCl stresses and could also contribute substantially to sustainable crop production.

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양파외피추출물이 UVB에 손상된 피부에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Onion(Allium cepa L.) peel Extract on UVB-induced on Skin Damage)

  • 나윤영;송선영
    • 생약학회지
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.391-396
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    • 2013
  • In this study, we investigated the effects of onion(Allium cepa L.) peel extraction aplication on UVB-induced damage of mouse skin. The male C57BL/6 weeks mice were divided into three groups; the control group(Con), the UVB irradiated group(UVB) and the group treated with onion peel extract after UVB irradiation(UVB+Onion peel). Onion peel extraction were topically treated after UVB irradiation(800 $mJ/cm^2$) to dorsal skin. We were measured TEWL, melanin value, erythema index and histological of mouse skin. In the TEWL, melanin value and erythema index observation, UVB+onion peel group were decreased then in the UVB group and 120 and 168 hr groups were similar to the control group. In the histological observation, UVB+onion peel group were indicated hyperkeratosis then in the UVB. These results showed that onion peel extract as a topical application may have preventive effect against UVB-induced skin damage. Therefore onion peel extract might be good material for UVB-damage skin care.