• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권9호
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• pp.939-943
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• 2003

Acyclovir 정주요법에도 불구하고 출생 2개월 이내에 2회 재발되었던 HSV 2형에 의한 신생아 SEM 질환의 치료 및 발생억제를 위한 지속적인 경구용 acyclovir 억제요법을 실시하여 장기간 억제효과를 보았던 재발성 HSV 감염 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.35-52
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• 2005

Objectives : Conclusion : The purpose of this study is to examine effect that KDKEJ used to atopic dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. Methods : We analyzed the expression of IgE, IL-6, II-4, IL-5 and IL-13's level in serum, and $IFN-{\gamma}'$ production by KDKEJ extract. We also analyzed KDKEJ extract get to NC/Nga mine's skin establishment analyzes neck-back skin after biopsy, and H&E method measured about epidermis and dermis part in comparison with control group. Results : In this research KDKEJ extract as treatment result to a NC/Nga mice, IgE and IL-6 content in serum decreased remarkably than control group. And decreased than result control group which measure II-4, IL-5 and IL-13's level in serum and $IFN-{\gamma}'$ production secreted in Th1 cell displayed increase by KDKEJ extract. IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}'$ gene revelation amount displayed marked decrease than control group in result that observe effect that get in skin of a NC/Nga mice's skin establishment analyzes neck-back skin after biposy, and dye by H&E method decreased about epidermis and inflammation of dermis part remarkable than control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by secretion amount of IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ by KDKEJ extract could know that KDKEJ extract can use usefully in allergy autoimmune disease.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.53-84
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• 1994

The study has been carried out to investigate of the Allergic Rhinitis by referring to 87 literatures. The results were as follows; 1. In oriental medical science, Allergic Rhinitis is belong to the category of the 'BiGu'(鼻구) 'GuChe'(구체). The 'Gu'(구) of the BiGu means watery rhinorrhea, the 'Che'(체) of the GuChe means sneezing. 2. The cause of a disease summarize the weak of Lung, Spleen and Kidney, and invasion into the nasal cavity of PoongHan etc a wrong air. Sometimes the pathologial change appear PoongHan changeHwa(風寒化火), HwaYeol is hidden in the inside(火熱內伏). The contributing factors are found a season(spring, winter), an abnormal weather(運氣 : 少陰 少陽 陽明 司天, 歲金不及), an emotional stress, an external wound of the harmful air, a food allergens and fatigue, a contact of substances, a sunlight etc. 3. Predominant symptoms are watery rhinorrhea, sneezing and nasal obstruction. Sometimes accompanic symptoms are nasal bleeding, mucopurulent rhinorrhea, olfactory disturbance, nasal polyp, rhinolalia clausa, respiratory disfunction etc. 4. The treatment-methodes is as follows, OnBoPaeJang GeoPoongSanHan(溫補肺臟 祛風散寒), GeonBilkGi(健脾益氣), BoSinNabGi (補腎納氣). The treatmentherbs is as follows, OnBoJiLuDan GaGam(溫補止流丹 加減), OkByeongPoongSan plus ChangIJaSan GaGam(玉屛風散合 蒼耳子散 加減), BoJungIkGiTang GaGam plus SoCheongLyongTang(補中益氣湯加減 配合 小靑龍湯), SinGiHwan GaGam(腎氣丸加減), GaeJiTang(桂枝湯) etc. 5. The external treatment is as follows, JeokBi(滴鼻), ChuiBi(吹鼻), SaekBi(塞鼻), stick and herbs-injection on the acupuncture-point, pressure ear acupuncture-point, herbs-pillow etc. 6. The acupuncture-moxa treatment is as follows, the methodes of cure apply TongJoGyeongGi(通調經氣), SanTongBiGui(宣通鼻竅) etc. Predominent acupuncture-points are YoungHyang(迎香), InDang(印堂), BiTong(鼻通), SangSeong(上星), HabGok(合谷) and so on. As mentioned above, from now on, it's need to the oriental medical scientific study of the Immunity and Allergy and to the external treatment's application for the ascent of the treatment-effect of the allergic disease.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.163-181
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• 2017

In the field of orofacial surgery, a red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) is occasionally required during double jaw and oral cancer surgery. However, the question remains whether the effect of RBCT during the perioperative period is beneficial or harmful. The answer to this question remains challenging. In the field of orofacial surgery, transfusion is performed for the purpose of oxygen transfer to hypoxic tissues and plasma volume expansion when there is bleeding. However, there are various risks, such as infectious complications (viral and bacterial), transfusion-related acute lung injury, ABO and non-ABO associated hemolytic transfusion reactions, febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, transfusion associated graft-versus-host disease, transfusion associated circulatory overload, and hypersensitivity transfusion reaction including anaphylaxis and transfusion-related immune-modulation. Many studies and guidelines have suggested RBCT is considered when hemoglobin levels recorded are 7 g/dL for general patients and 8-9 g/dL for patients with cardiovascular disease or hemodynamically unstable patients. However, RBCT is occasionally an essential treatment during surgeries and it is often required in emergency cases. We need to comprehensively consider postoperative bleeding, different clinical situations, the level of intra- and postoperative patient monitoring, and various problems that may arise from a transfusion, in the perspective of patient safety. Since orofacial surgery has an especially high risk of bleeding due to the complex structures involved and the extensive vascular distribution, measures to prevent bleeding should be taken and the conditions for a transfusion should be optimized and appropriate in order to promote patient safety.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine closely effect that YKS used to atopic dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. We analyzed the expression of IgE, IL-6, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13's level in serum, and IFN-${\gamma}'$ production by YKS extract. We also analyzed YKS extract get to NC/Nga mice's skin establishment analyzes neck-back skin after biopsy, and H&E method measured about epidermis and dermis part in comparison with control group. In this research YKS extract as treatment result to a NC/Nga mice, IgE and IL-6 content in serum decreased remarkably than control group. And decreased than result control group which measure IL-4, IL-5, IL-13's level in serum, and IFN-${\gamma}'$ production secreted in Th1 cell displayed increase by YKS extract. IL-4 and IFN-${\gamma}'s$ gene revelation amount displayed marked decrease than control group in result that observe effect that get in skin of a NC/Nga mice. Also, In culture supernatant which cultivate for 14 day after separate skin cell, IL-13 and IL-6 production decreased than control group. YKS extract get to NC/Nga mice's skin establishment analyzes neck-back skin after biopsy, and dye by H&E method decreased about epidermis and inflammation of dermis part remarkably than control group. These results suggest that Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by secretion amount of IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$ by YKS extract could know that YKS extract can use usefully in allergy autoimmune disease.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권3호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2019

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) have been widely used as a key medication for asthma control. However, ICSs have been known to cause respiratory infections, such as pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. Consequently, a dilemma exists regarding recommendation of persistent lifetime use of ICSs to mild asthma patients. Short-acting ${\beta}$-agonists (SABAs) have also been widely used for symptom relief. However, SABAs have been reported to increase the risk of asthma-related death, though incidences have been very rare. Consequently, a dilemma exists regarding recommendation of a SABA alone without an ICS or a controller to asthma patients even with very mild disease. In the real world, asthma patients tend to intermittently use ICS and more likely to be dependent on SABA since many patients want immediate relief of their symptoms. Consequently, a dilemma exists regarding the underuse of ICSs but the overuse of SABAs. One strategy for solving the presented dilemma would be identification of patients with asthma who require persistent use of asthma controllers. Such patients, who may be referred to as "persistent controller users," should continuously receive ICSs, even under controlled states of asthma. Another strategy would be a patient-adjusted, symptom-driven, intermittent-to-regular treatment combining low-dose ICS/rapid-onset long-acting ${\beta}$-agonists instead of using a SABA alone or with low-dose ICS for the asthma patients with mild disease. Both of these two strategies could avoid the risky treatment of a SABA alone without an ICS and could reduce the dose of ICS with the maintenance of asthma control.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2019

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis can result in anatomical sequelae, and cause airflow limitation. However, there are no treatment guidelines for patients with a tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Recently, indacaterol effectiveness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with Tuberculosis history (INFINITY) study revealed indacaterol provided bronchodilation and symptom improvement in COPD patients with a tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Methods: We conducted a post-hoc subgroup analysis of the randomized controlled trial, the INFINITY study, to determine factors associated with indacaterol response in a tuberculosis-destroyed lung with airflow limitation. Data from 68 patients treated with inhaled indacaterol, were extracted and analyzed. Factors associated with the response of forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) to indacaterol treatment, were determined using linear regression analysis. Results: Of 62 patients included, 68% were male, and 52% had history of cigarette smoking. Patients revealed mean $FEV_1$ of 50.5% of predicted value with mean improvement of 81.3 mL in $FEV_1$ after indacaterol treatment for 8 weeks. Linear regression analysis revealed factors associated with response of $FEV_1$ to indacaterol included a short duration of smoking history, and high short-acting bronchodilator response. When patients with history of smoking were excluded, factors associated with response of $FEV_1$ to indacaterol included high short-acting bronchodilator response, and poor health-related quality of life score as measured by St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD. Conclusion: In a tuberculosis-destroyed lung with airflow limitation, short-acting bronchodilator response and smoking history can play a critical role in predicting outcomes of indacaterol treatment.

• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2020

목적: 본 연구는 반려견의 건강과 인간에게 돌아오는 피해를 줄이기 위하여 인간에게 좋은 원적외선 방출 황토섬유로 반려견 방석을 제조하여 반려견에게 적용하여 선호도를 조사하였다. 방법: 바디유 원적외선방출 황토방석과 보통의 황색방석을 놓고 소형 반려견 12마리를 대상으로 선호성을 관찰하였다. 결과: 반려견들이 황토방석과 일반방석의 선호도에서는 83.3%가 황토방석에 주로 앉거나 수면을 취하였다. 물어뜯기 성격은 83.3%가 개선되었다. 황토방석을 이용 후에는 4 마리에서는 눈병, 1 마리에서는 습진 및 2 마리가 알레르기 등이 개선되었고, 나머지 개는 변화가 없었다. 활동 상태는 체험 후에는 50%가 조용해지었다. 성격 변화는 87.5%가 순해지었다. 결론: 황토방석이 반려견들의 취향과 성격에 많은 변화를 주고, 피부병이 완화되는 결과를 발견하였다. 새로운 황토방석을 반려견이 스스로 선택하는 선호성에 대한 탐색연구로서 이 분야의 기초연구 자료로서 가치가 있다고 판단한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2023

Under constant environmental pollution, the incidence of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) caused by air pollutants and allergens has increased. AD is an allergy inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritus, eczema, and skin dryness. In herbal medicine, Anemarrhena asphodeloides (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma; AR) has been utilized to treat Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, hypertension, and inflammation. The purpose of study evaluated the effect of AR in a mouse model of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like skin lesions. After acclimatization for 5 days, the mice (6-week-old, male Balb/c) were divided into five groups (n=6/group): NC (normal control), DNCB (control), Dex (5 mg·kg-1, p.o.), AR100 (100 mg·kg-1, p.o.), and AR300 (300 mg·kg-1, p.o.). On days 1 and 3, 1% DNCB was applied to the skin and ears. After 4 days, 0.5% DNCB was applied once every 2 days for 2 weeks. Then, skin and ears eczema area and severity index (EASI); skin nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels; and plasma immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were examined. The AR groups showed lower EASI, skin and ear thickness, mast cell count, and IgE levels than the control groups. Moreover, AR reduced iNOS, COX-2, and PGE2 levels. Therefore, AR possesses anti-inflammatory properties and can improve skin damage, indicating its therapeutic potential against AD.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

Background: Understanding the burden of disease is important to establish cost-effective treatment strategies and to allocate healthcare resources appropriately. However, little reliable information is available regarding the overall economic burden imposed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Korea. Methods: This study is a multicenter observational research on the COPD burden in Korea. Total COPD costs were comprised of three categories: direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs. For direct medical costs, institutional investigation was performed at 13 medical facilities mainly based on the claims data. For direct non-medical and indirect costs, site-based surveys were administered to the COPD patients during routine visits. Total costs were estimated using the COPD population defined in the recent report. Results: The estimated total costs were approximately 1,245 million US dollar (1,408 billion Korean won). Direct medical costs comprised approximately 20% of the total estimated costs. Of these, formal medical costs held more than 80%. As direct non-medical costs, nursing costs made up the largest percentage (39%) of the total estimated costs. Costs for COPD-related loss of productivity formed four fifths of indirect costs, and accounted for up to 33% of the total costs. Conclusion: This study shows for the first time the direct and indirect costs of COPD in Korea. The total costs were enormous, and the costs of nursing and lost productivity comprised approximately 70% of total costs. The results provide insight for an effective allocation of healthcare resources and to inform establishment of strategies to reduce national burden of COPD.