• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.89-101
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• 2001

1. The purpose of study To study the effectiveness of Yangkyuksanhawtang(YST) against Allergic Contact Dermatitis(ACD) I observed the change of cutaneous shape, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and the distribution of apoptotic cells. 2. The material and method of study I divided 4-month-old rats into three groups of 10, which are a contrastive group of having applied Acetone olive oil only, ACD group to have intentionally activated Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB and YST group to give medication of Yangkyuksanhawtang extract. And I observed each group of mice after 24, 48 and 72 hours. 3. The result and conclusion of study The change of cutaneous shape and hypersensitive reaction of immunity was significantly decreased by YST in ACD rats. I consider that YST suppressed hypersensitive reaction of immunity and inflammation in ACD.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.10-27
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• 2005

Objectives: To study the effectiveness of Sanpunggosamhwan(SGH) against Allergic Contact Dermatitis(ACD), the contact hypersensitivity assay, change of cutaneous shape, anti-allergic effect, anti-inflammatory effect, and the effect on skin barrier were observed. Methods: The 200g rats were divided into three groups of 15 rats. The first group is the Normal group which was applied Acetone olive oil only. The second group is the ACD group which has intentionally activated Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB. The third group is the SGH group which was given medication of Sanpunggosamhwan extract after the induction of Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB. Each group of rats was observed after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: I. With the result of contact hypersensitivity assay, at 24hours SGH group showed appreciably less ear swelling than ACD group. 2. Regarding general change of skin, SGH group showed less hyperplasia of epidermis, less damage of epidermis than ACD group. 3. Regarding the number of WBC, ACD group showed significantly less than normal and SGH group at 72 hours. 4. Regarding the number of RBC in blood, ACD and SGH group showed significantly more RBC than normal group at 24, 48, 72 hours. 5. Regarding the ratio of neutrophil in WBC, ACD and SGH group showed significantly high percentage than normal group at 24, 48 hours. 6. Regarding the ratio of lymphocyte in WBC, ACD and SGH group showed significantly high percentage than normal group at 48 hours. 7. Regarding the erythema, SGH group showed significantly more erythema than normal and ACD group at 48 hours. 8. Regarding the melanin, SGH group showed significantly less melanin than normal group at 24 hours.9. Regarding the skin hydration, SGH group showed significantly high value than and ACD group at 72 hours. 10. Regarding the skin pH, ACD group showed significantly high value than normal and SGH group af 24 hours. 11. Regarding the number of Total IgE, ACD and SGH group showed more Total IgE than normal. g개up at 24 hours. 12. At Electro microscope-morphologic changes of skin, the damage of epithelium was decreased and regeneration power of skin was increased in the SGH group. Conclusions: The Sanpunggosamhwan extract administration was effective on the mitigation of skin damage in rats with allergic contact dermatitis.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.97-113
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• 2002

Objective To study the effectiveness of Yuldahansotang against Allergic Contact Dermatitis, the change of cutaneous shape, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and distribution of apoptotic cells was researched. materials and methods 4-month-old rats were divided into three groups of 10. One is a contrastive group which has applied Acetone olive oil only. Another is ACD group which has intentionally activated Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB. And the other is YST group which has given medication of Yangkyuksanhawtang extract. Each group of mice were observed after 24, 48 and 72 hours. results 1. With the result of Contact hypersensitivity assay, YST group shows appreciably less ear swelling than ACD group. 2. Comparing YST and ACD groups to each other regarding general change of skin, YST group shows less hyperplasia of epidermis, less migration of inflammatory cells and less damage of epidermis than ACD group. 3. Regarding the change of collagen fiber, ACD group has appeared to be low in number of collagen fiber while YST shows similarity with the contrastive group. 4. In dermis YST group has showed lower number of mastocyte than ACD group and is granulated type. 5. In dermis YST group has showed less MAC-1,IL-1, $IL-2R-{\alpha}$, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 than ACD group. 6. The distribution of apoptotic cells has appeared littler in YST group than in ACD 7. Among signal molecule of apoptosis Bcl-2 has distributed more in YST group than ACD group and Bax and Fas has distributed less in YST group than ACD group.

• Korean Journal of Korean Medical Institute of Dermatology and Aesthetics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.16-40
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• 2005

Objective : To study the effectiveness of Yangkyuksanhawtang against Allergic Contact Dermatitis I observed the change of cutaneous shape, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and the distribution of apoptotic cells. materials and methods : I divided 4-month-old rats into three groups of 10, which are a contrastive group of having applied Acetone olive oil only, ACD group to have intentionally activated Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB and YST group to give medication of Yangkyuksanhawtang extract. And I observed each group of mice after 24, 48 and 72 hours. results : 1. With the result of Contact hypersensitivity assay, YST group shows appreciably less ear swelling than ACD group. 2. Comparing YST and ACD groups to each other regarding general change of skin, YST group shows less hyperplasia of epidermis, less migration of inflammatory cells and less damage of epidermis than ACD group. 3. Regarding the change of collagen fiber, ACD group has appeared to be low in number of collagen fiber while YST shows similarity with the contrastive group. 4. In dermis YST group has showed lower number of mastocyte than ACD group and is granulated type. 5. In dermis YST group has showed less MAC-1, IL-1 , $IL-2R-\;{\alpha}$ G, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 than ACD group. 6. The distribution of apoptotic cells has appeared littler in YST group than in ACD 7. Among signal molecule of apoptosis Bcl-2 has distributed more in YST group than ACD group and Bax and Fas has distributed less in YST group than ACD group.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.508-517
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of Hangryunhaedocktang (HHT) on epidermal damages induced by allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The sensitization were caused by one application of $25{\mu}l$ of 5% 2,4-dinitroch1orobenzene (DNCB) onto a back-lumbar skin of BALB/c mice. 2 weeks later, ACD was elicitated with $4{\mu}l$ of 2.5% DNCB and then mice were given HHT extract in doses of 3.3ml/kg/day, for 72 hours. The ACD induced epidermal damages in HHT treated ACD mice was more mitigated than non-treated ACD elicited mice. The features related with epidermal damage such as epidermal hyperplasia, infiltration of inflammatory cells, increase of nuclear shrinkages and vacuolation, and enlargement of intercellular space softened. And the distribution of soybean agglutinin (SBA) positive reaction in stratum spinosum (SS) and stratum basale (SB) were similarly maintained in a normal configuration. The numerical decrease of BrdU, TUNEL, and Fas positive cells observed were prominent in SB. Results suggest a benefit role for HHT in mitigating epidermal damages in mice with allergic contact dermatitis.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.257-279
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• 2000

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common skin disease resulting from specific immunologic to topically applied various allergen. After Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) secondary sensitization, the ICR mice administered Rhemanniae radix extract (RRE) was observed to ascerstain the effect of RRE on allergic contact dermatitis. Purpose of this study was to investigate contact hypersensitivity assay, abdominal skin morphologic changes. Including mast cells and cell-surface glycoconjugates. The change of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor (CD25R). ICAM in abdominal skin, lymph node of inguinal region, and electro microscope-morphologic changes of abdominal skin. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The contact hypersensitivity assay, the ear swelling in the RRE had lesser probability than in the ACD Group. 2. In the general morphologic change of skin, hyperplasia of keratinocytes, distribution of vasculogenesis and epidermal lymphocytes infiltration were decreased in the RRE group compared with the ACD group. In epidermal basal layer and prickle layer, cell damage was decreased in the RRE group compared with the group painted with ACD. 3. MasT-cell in dermis was decreased in the RRE group compared with the group painted with DNCB. 4. Distribution of interlukin-2 Receptior positive cell and ICAM positive cell in dermis was decreased in the RRE Group compared with the ACD group. 5. Distribution of helper T-lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocite in inguinal nodes was decreased in the RRE group, and was observed well in paracortical area and cortical cord. 6. Distribution of apoptotic cell was appeared in the RRE group compared with the ACD group, in skin, dermis. in inguinal nodes, paracortical area observed well. With above results, the restarint of immunosuppression occuring in Allergic contact dermatitis is resulted in the slow progress the effect of Allergic contact dermatitis, and it is thought that ithis fact has a series of relation with apoptosis.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

Objectives In the theory of Korean Medicine, Cicadae Periostracum (CP) has been used to treat skin diseases such as inflammatory dermatitis, tetanus and pruritus. CP can reduce heat and disperse wind. In prior studies, anti-allergic effect and anti-inflammatory effect of CP were reported. However, there has been no report regarding the correlation of CP and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). This study was performed to show the effects of CP in ACD induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. Methods In this experiment, the effects of CP on biological changes were measured, such as changes in ear and spleen weight, ear and dorsum skin thickness, clinical aspect on the dorsum skin and histological changes. The effect of proliferation rate of splenocytes was also investigated in vitro and vivo study. Results In results, CP application (CPA) group and CP application and administration (CPAA) group were significantly restrained in ear weight gain and increase in ear and dorsum skin thickness compared to the control group. In addition, CPA and CPAA group showed diminished erythema, desquamation, bloodstain, and marks. Also, the histological assessment showed that CP treatement diminished thickness of epidermis, hyperkeratosis, pigmentation and parakeratosis. Conclusions In conclusion, these data suggest that CP can decrease symptoms of ACD.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 2013

Objectives In the theory of Korean medicine, rice straw (RS) has been used effectively as treatments for dyspepsia, diarrhea, enteritis, inflammatory epigastric diseases and various dermatitis. However, the theory has not been studied intensively yet about anti-inflammatory effects for human. This study was to investigate effects of RS for a treatment of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobezene (DNCB) in mice. Methods In this experiment, effects of RS were investigated on changes in body weights, dorsum skin thickness, clinical aspects on the dorsum skin, spleen and body weight among these four groups; normal group (NOR), control group (CON), RS spread group (RSS) and RS spread and administer group (RSS+Adm). In addition, the effects on proliferations of splenocytes were also investigated in vitro and in vivo study. Results RSS group and RSS+Adm group showed increasing in body weights, diminished dorsum skin thickness and treated dermatitis on dorsum skin. In RSS+Adm group, spleen weights were lowered significantly compared to CON group. Conclusions In conclusion, these data suggest that RS can decrease symptoms of ACD significantly, and it shows the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effect as well. Therefore, RS can be useful to treat patients with ACD.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.46-61
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• 2017

Objectives : Allergic contact dermatitis(ACD) is a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction that results from cumulative exposures and subsequent sensitization to an environmental chemical. Lonicerae Caulis(LC) can clear away heat and relieve toxin, disperse wind and heat, dredge the channel. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of LC on allergic contact dermatitis(ACD) induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) in mice. Methods : In this experiment, the effects of LC on changes in body weights, ear and dorsum skin thicknesses, ear weights, clinical aspects on the dorsum skin, histopathological changes, spleen/body ratio, cytokines were investigated. In addition, the effects on proliferations of splenocytes were also investigated in vitro and vivo study. Results : LC spread(SPR) group and LC spread and administered(SPR+ADM) group showed diminished ear thicknesses. In SPR+ADM group, ear weights were lowered significantly compared to contact dermatitis control(CTL) group. LC treatment diminished erythema, desquamation and keratosis which were induced by repeated painting of DNCB. In histopathological observation, spongiosis and edema were diminished in SPR and SPR+ADM group. In cytokines, SPR+ADM group were increased in IL-10, and SPR and SPR+ADM group were decreased in TNF-${\alpha}$ compared with control group. Conclusions : These data suggest that LC can decrease symptoms of ACD, then LC is useful to treat patient with ACD.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.59-73
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• 2014

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction that results from exposures and subsequent sensitization to an environmental chemical. Crataegus Pinnatifida (CP) is commonly used to improve spleen function, remove retention of food, and promote blood circulation. This study is designed to investigate the effects of CP on ACD induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. In this experiment, the effects of CP on changes in body weights, ear and dorsum skin thicknesses, ear weights, clinical aspects on the dorsum skin, histopathological changes, spleen weights, cytokines were investigated. In addition, the effects on the proliferation rates of splenocytes were also investigated in vivo and vitro study. In results, CP spread (CPS) group and CP spread and administered (CPS+Adm) group showed decrease in spleen weights. In CPS+Adm group, dorsum skin thicknesses were decreased significantly compared to control group. CP treatment diminished erythema, desquamation and keratosis which were induced by repeated painting of DNCB. In histopathological observation, spongiosis and edema were diminished in CPS and CPS+Adm group. CP led to decrease in the proliferation rates of splenocytes in vivo and vitro. In conclusion, these data suggest that CP can decrease symptoms of ACD, so CP is useful to treat patient with ACD.