• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.243-249
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• 2004

KBPT is the fortified prescription of Bang-pung-tong-sung-san(BPTS) by adding Spatholobi Clulis and Salviae Miltiorrzae Radix. BPTS prescription has been utilized in oriental medicine for the treatments of vascular diseases including hypertension, stroke, and arteriosclerosis. Yet, the overall mechanism underlying its activity at the cellular levels remains unknown. Using spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model, we investigated whether the KBPTS has an effect on the pathophysiological parameters related to hypertension. Pretreatment of SHR with KBPTS was found to lower blood pressure and heartbeat rate. Levels of aldosterone. dopamine, and epinephrine were found to be significantly reduced in the serum of KBPTS-treated SHR. Histological examination of adrenal cortex and superior aorta showed that tissues from KBPTS-treated SHR rats were more intact and cleaner compared to saline-treated control. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein in adrenal gland, aorta, myocardial tissue, and kidneys were higher in KBPTS-treated animals than control group. The present data suggest that KBPTS may play a role in normalizing cardiovascular function in SHR by controlling hypertension-related blood factors and superoxide stressors.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.430-438
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• 2010

This study was done to investigate the effect of SHCG on hypertension in spontaneous hypertensive rats. SHR was sensitized and challenged with Sihogayonggolmoryeotanghabcheongsimyeonjaemgagambang (SHCG) for 4 weeks. The 3 groups have 6 rats, respectively. Experimental group was treated with 56.7 mg/kg of SHCG orally and control group was treated with 56.7 mg/kg of normal saline instead. SHCG significantly showed safety against cytotoxicity on hFCs and toxicity in the liver. SHCG significantly decreased the blood pressure and the heart rate. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of aldosterone. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of potassium and chloride. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of uric acid and creatinine. These results suggest that SHCG might be hopeful in treatment of hypertension.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.314-328
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• 1995

This study was attempted to investigate the mechanism of retention of sodium and water by naproxen which is a drug among nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in dogs. Napoxen, when given intravenously in doses ranging from 30 mg to 100 mg/kg, elicited antidiuresis accompanied vath the decrease of osmolar clearance(Cosm) and amounts of sodium excreted in urine(E$_{Na}$), with the increase of sodium reabsorption rate in renal tubule(R$_{Na}$) and ratio of potassium against sodium (K/Na). Naproxen infused into a renal artery in doses ranging from 1.0mg to 3.0mg/kg/min produced both diuretic action in infused kidney and antidiuretic action in control kidney. Naproxen injected into carotid artery in doses ranging from 10.0 mg to 30.0 mg/kg exhibited antidiuretic action. Changes of renal function in the circumstances of above two antidiuresis were the same with aspect of intravenous naproxen. Antidiuretic action of naproxen injected into carotid artery was not affected by renal denervation, was blocked by pretreatment with i.v. arachidonic acid, prostaglandin precursor, or i.v. indomethacin, cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Naproxen injected into carotid artery abolished the diuretic action of i.v. spironolactone, aldosterone antagonist, and i.v. spironolactone blocked the antidiuretic action of naproxen given into carotid artery. The results suggest that naproxen produced antidiuresis, and sodium and water retention through the central system, the mechanism being related to the prostaglandin biosynthetic inhibition and aldostercfne like action.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 1967

The present investigation was initially undertaken to see if there exists $Na^+-K^+$ activated ATPase in the microsome fraction of the kidney. Having confirmed the presence of such an enzyme, further attempts have been made to characterize its nature and the following conclusions were obtained: (1) The ATPase activity was greatest at the $Na^+$ concentration of 100 mM as well as at $K^+$ concentration of 10 mM. Moreover, the ATPase activity was found to be depressed by $Ca^{++}$ in the presence of $Mg^{++}$. (2) While the ATPase activity was depressed by Ouabain, the magnitude of inhibition was greater in the Na medium than in the K medium. (3) NaCN augmented the ATPase activity whereas NaF and IAA depressed it. On the other hand, DNP had little influence on the ATPase activity. (4) Diamox, vasopressin and aldosterone had no effect while $HgCl_2$ markedly depressed the ATPase activity These findings indicate that the nature of ATPase isolated from the microsome fraction of the rabbit kidney is quite similar to that from other organs such as the heart and the muscle, although there are certain features specific to the type of organs.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.565-572
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate nutritional intakes and preference food and blood composition of female college students of premenstrual syndrome. Based on physical measurement test results, both groups showed no noticeable difference and both groups were within the normal range according to body composition analysis. In terms of nutrients consumption, results showed nutritional intakes more than EAR(estimated average requirements) included phosphorus>vitamin $B_6$>vitamin $B_1$, while nutritional intakes less than EAR were vitamin A>vitamin $B_6$>calcium>folic acid. A significant difference was observed for vitamin C intake(p<0.05). The overall mean values of basic blood(WBC, RBC, Hct, and Hb), sex hormone(Estrogen, Progesterone), aldosterone, cortisol, Cu, Zn, and Ca, Mg indices in female college students were within the normal range and there was no significant difference between the PMS group and the Normal group. In conclusion, vitamin C intake of the PMS group showed a level of 84.8% EAR. Therefore vitamin C supplement can be beneficial to relieve the PMS Syndrome.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.617-628
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• 2006

This experiment was performed to determine the effects of Kamibangpungtongsungsan on hypertension in spontaneous hypertensive rats fed a hyperlipidemic diet (H-SHR). The results are summarized as follows : 1. Kamibangpungtongsungsan significantly decreased the blood pressure and pulse of rats in H-SHR. 2. Kamibangpungtongsungsan significantly decreased the levels of Aldosterone in H-SHR. 3. Kamibangpungtongsungsan significantly decreased the levels of dopamine and epinephrine in H-SHR, but did not significantly reduce the levels of norepinephrine, in H-SHR. 4. Kamibangpungtongsungsan did not significantly reduce the levels of electrolytes in H-SHR. 5. Kamibangpungtongsungsan significantly decreased the TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 levels in H-SHR but the IL-10 level increase no significant. These results suggest that the Kamibangpungtongsungsan might be usefully applied for the treatment of hypertension with hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2019

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare type of endocrine malignancy with an annual incidence of approximately 1-2 cases per million. The majority of these tumors secrete cortisol, and a few secrete aldosterone or androgen. Estrogen-secreting adrenocortical carcinomas are extremely rare, irrespective of the secretion status of other adrenocortical hormones. Here, we report the case of a 53-year-old man with a cortisol and estrogen-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma. The patient presented with gynecomastia and abdominal discomfort. Radiological assessment revealed a tumor measuring $21{\times}15.3{\times}12cm$ localized to the retroperitoneum. A hormonal evaluation revealed increased levels of estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and cortisol. The patient underwent a right adrenalectomy, and the pathological examination revealed an adrenocortical carcinoma with a Weiss' score of 6. After surgery, he was treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty-one months after treatment, the patient remains alive with no evidence of recurrence.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.69-75
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• 2009

Objectives : To access the safety and efficacy of Black Ginseng (BG), a traditional herbal medicine on hypertension, we examined various parameters involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Methods : We made deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA;25 mg/kg/3times/weeks for 3 weeks)-induced hypertension Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. And experiment group was treated with extract of black ginseng (BG;200 mg/kg/day). Results : In results, the weight of experiment group treated with BG was increased compared with normal and control group. And the heart and lung weights of experiment group were decreased compared with control group. The blood pressure and pulse rate of group treated with BG were significantly decreased compared with control group. In addition, BG greatly reduced the levels of aldosterone. These results suggested that BG has suppressive effects on hypertension, and BG has potential as a safe and effective therapeutics for hypertension. Conclusions : The present data show evidences on anti-hypertension activity of BG in an experimental animal system, which can provide further insights into the development of anti-hypertension therapeutic agents.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2008

Purpose: The non-receptor-type protein tyrosine kinase Syk (636 amino acids, 72 kDa) is ubiquitously expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and has been widely studied as a regulator and effector of B cell receptor signaling that occurs in processes such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, the mechanism relating Syk and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) by endothelin-1 (ET-1, 21 amino acids) stimulation in muscle cells, especially in the volume-dependent hypertensive state, remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we investigated the relationship between Syk and p38MAPK for isometric contraction and enzymatic activity by ET-1 from rat aortic smooth muscle cells and aldosterone-analogue deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertensive state rats (ADHR). Results: The systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in ADHR than in a control group of animals. ET-1 induced isometric contraction and phosphorylation of p38MAPK, which was increased in muscle strips from ADHR. Increased vasoconstriction and phosphorylation of p38MAPK induced by treatment with 30 nM ET-1 were inhibited by the use of 10${\mu}M$ SB203580, an inhibitor of p38MAPK from ADHR. Furthermore, ET-1 induced isometric contraction and phosphorylation of Syk and p38MAPK, which were increased in the aortic smooth muscle cells. Increased tension and phosphorylation of Syk and p38MAPK induced by ET-1 were inhibited by SB203580 from rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Conclusion: These results, suggest that the Syk activity affects ET-1-induced contraction through p38MAPK in smooth muscle cells and that the same pathway directly or indirectly is associated with volume dependent hypertension. The findings suggest the need to develop cardiovascular disease-specialized physical therapy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.988-994
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• 2008

The purpose of the investigation was to establish how the pineal-adrenal axis plays an important role in thermoregulation in female goats under short-term heat stress. The study was conducted to observe the influence of glucocorticoids on pineal function in goats and its influence on stress alleviation capability. Melatonin and glucocorticoid secretions and several other endocrine and biochemical blood parameters reflecting the animals well being were determined over a one week period after goats had been exposed to $40^{\circ}C$ and 60% relative humidity for 10 days. Six female goats were used in the study. These animals served as self controls prior to the start of the experiment. The study was conducted for a period of seventeen days in a psychrometric chamber at $40^{\circ}C$ and 60% relative humidity. Chemical pinealectomy was achieved using propranolol followed by exogenous hydrocortisone treatment. Blood samples were drawn twice daily after each treatment to find the effect of hydrocortisone on plasma glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, cortisol, insulin, aldosterone, melatonin and corticosterone. Chemical pinealectomy significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) affected plasma levels of the parameters studied and these could be significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) counteracted by administration of hydrocortisone. Chemical pinealectomy aggravated thermal stress, although administration of hydrocortisone could ameliorate the condition. This indicated a role of the pineal in support of thermoregulation. The study establishes the modulating effect of glucocorticoids on pineal activity to relieve thermal stress in goats.