• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 1994

Sex hormones not only regulate external sexual characteristics but several internal biochemical processes. It is well accepted that life-span of female is longer than that of male. Life-span is closely related with aging process in which free radicals are known to be involved. We investigated the effect of testosterone on free radical generating systems and lipid peroxidation based on the sexual difference. Lipid peroxide levels of male and female mouse were increased proportionately with age, especially in male mouse. Increase in enzyme activity of aldehyde oxidase with age was observed in male mouse, while no siginificant change in enzyme activity was found in female mouse. Enzyme activity of xanthine oxidase also showed similar results. It, however, was not significant statistically. Lipid peroxide level and xanthine oxidase type conversion ratio of male and female mouse liver homogenate incubated at $37^{\circ}C$, increased remarkably in proportion to incubation time, especially in male mouse. Lipid peroxide level and aldehyde oxidase activity were measured in normal male mouse, castrated mouse and testosterone treated-castrated mouse. Castrated mouse group showed decrease in lipid peroxide level and aldehyde oxidase activity compared with normal group. Treatment of castrated mouse with testosterone, however turned the level of lipid peroxide and aldehyde oxidase activity back to normal. From the above results, it might be concluded that testosteron could increase the activities of free radical generating enzymes which would result in the formation of lipid peroxide, consequently leading to aging.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.509-516
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• 1994

Liquid phase hydrogenation come into use for the removal process of unsaturated hydrocarbon such as croton aldehyde. The croton aldehyde is generated in a very small amount as by-product in the ethanol production, and it is converted into n-butanol through hydrogenation. Liquid phase hydrogenation is low energy consumption process as compared with gas phase hydrogenation. The nickel catalyst is selected with respect to the economic aspect such as durability and cost. The analysis of the conversion were performed by method of the PMT(permangante time) test. The PMT was sharply decreased as the initial concentrations of croton aldehyde in the ethanol solution were increased. The hydrogenation of croton aldehyde to n-butanol was carried out in sequence after the saturation of the carbon-carbon double bond. The formation of both butyraldehyde and n-butanol followed zero order kinetics. Within expermental conditions the PMT gets longer as reaction temperature goes higer and as LHSV becomes slower, while the reaction pressure has almost no relation with PMT.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.241-247
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the hangover relieving effect of Sanghwang mushroom mycelium extract (SME). The extract showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging effect in a concentration-dependent manner and high antioxidant capacity ($56.67{\pm}1.77%$) when administered at $120{\mu}g/mL$. In addition, SME significantly increased (p < 0.005) the aldehyde dehydronase (ALDH) activity ($126.03{\pm}9.11%$) when applied at 8 or $16{\mu}L/mL$. A locomotor activity test showed that the alcohol-water treated group showed significantly decreased motor activity at 90 min post-administration. However, the alcohol-SME treated group showed a 20-fold higher motor activity than that observed in the alcohol-water treated group at 90 min post-administration. Blood was harvested from each mouse at 90 min post-administration, and both alcohol and aldehyde concentrations were measured. The alcohol-SME treated group showed significantly lower (p < 0.5) alcohol ($120.13{\pm}12.83{\mu}g/mL$) and aldehyde ($7.26{\pm}1.22{\mu}g/mL$) concentrations than the values observed in the alcohol-water treated group. These results suggest that the hangover relieving effect of SME results from increased ALDH activity, which reduces the aldehyde concentration in the blood.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2005

trans-Cinnamaldehyde, a major component of Cinnamomum cassia, was quantitatively analyzed using the $^1H-NMR$ spectrometry. Applicability of this method was confirmed through observing the variation of chemical shift in the $^1H-NMR$ spectrum of t-cinnamaldehyde and the integration value according to various sample concentrations or running temperatures. When the $^1H-NMR$ spectrometry was run for t-cinnamaldehyde (7.1429 mg/ml) at 19, 25, 30, 40 and $50^{\circ}C$, the chemical shifts of the doublet methine signal due to an aldehyde group were observed at 9.7202, 9.7184, 9.7169, 9.7142 and 9.7124 ppm, respectively, to imply that the running temperature had no significant variation in the chemical shift of the signal. The integration values of the signal were $1.37\;(19^{\circ}C),\;1.37\;(25^{\circ}C),\;1.37\;(30^{\circ}C),\;1.37(40^{\circ}C)$ and $1.37(50^{\circ}C)$, respectively, to also indicate running temperature gave no effect on the integration value. When the sample solutions with various concentrations such as 0.4464, 0.8929, 1.7857, 3.5714, 7.1429 and 14.286 mg/ml were respectively measured for the $^1H-NMR$ at $25^{\circ}C$, the chemical shifts of the aldehyde group were observed at 9.7206, 9.7201, 9.7196, 9.7192, 9.7185 and 9.7174 ppm. Even though the signal was slightly shifted to the high field in proportion to the increase of sample concentration, the alteration was not significant enough to applicate this method. The calibration curve for integration values of the doublet methine signal due to the aldehyde group vs the sample concentration was linear and showed very high regression rate ($r^2=1.0000$). Meantime, the $^1H-NMR$ spectra (7.1429 mg/ml $CDCl_3,\;25^{\circ}C$) of t-cinnamaldehyde and t-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, another constituent of Cinnamomum cassia, showed the chemical shifts of the aldehyde group as ${\delta}_H$ 9.7174 (9.7078, 9.7270) for the former compound and ${\delta}_H$ 9.6936 (9.6839, 9.7032) for the latter one. The difference of the chemical shift between two compounds was big enough to be distinguished using the NMR spectrometer with 0.45 Hz of resolution. The contents of cinnamaldehyde in Cinnamomum cassia, which were respectively extracted with n-hexane, $CHCl_3$, and EtOAc, were determiend as 94.2 \;mg/g (0.94%), 137.6 mg/g (1.38%) and 140.1 mg/g(1.40%) t-cinnamaldehyde in each extract, respectively, by using the above method.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 1998

The mechanism of active aldehyde-induced liver disease and the enzymatic basis of detoxification were investigated using normal rat liver cell, Ac2F. Aliphatic alcohols including l-decyl alcohol, l-nonanol, l-heptanol, l-hexanol, l-propanol and allyl alcohol exerted a dose- and time-de-pendent toxicity to Ac2F cells. The extent of their toxicities in buthionine sulfoximine (inhibitor of glutathione synthesis) pretreated cells was greater than in pargyline (inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH). On the other hand, the toxicity of these alcohols were not affected by 4-methylpyrazole (inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH). These results suggest that the contents of glutathione (GSH) seems to be very important in protecting the cells from toxicants such as aliphatic alcohols.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.687-690
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of aldehyde compounds and ploysulfide as accelerating agents on removal of heavy metals and CN in plating wastewater. As a results of the experiments, the removal efficiency of cyanide using the formaldehyde type of aldehydes was the highest at pH 9. Next types were sodium formaldehyde bisulfite addut> paraldehyde> paraformaldehyde. Also, optimum pH and dosage for treating the residual heavy metals by using polysulfide were pH 9 and 30 mg/L, respectively. The removal efficiencies of cyanide, chromium, zinc and copper were above 96.7% at optimum condition.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 1996

The major cuticular components have been shown to be synthesized in the epidermis. Therefore, cloning of epidermis-specific genes could yield information to be used to isolate and characterize the enzymes involved in the cuticle biosynthesis. A subtractive cDNA library was prepared from Senecio odorus in which epidermis-specific cDNAs were enriched. Differential screening of the library using epidermal and non-epidermal probes revealed two cDNAs. One of them designated epi425 was identified, based on the sequence homology, as a member of a new class in the LTP gene family and the other clone designated epi23 as a gene encoding an aldehyde decarbonylase. Northern blot analyses showed that epi425 and epi23 cDNAs hybridized with a transcript of about 600 and 2, 100 nucleotides, respectively, from the epidermis but not from the non-epidermal tissues. Further characterization of these clones will provide more information on the mechanism of the cuticle biosynthesis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.134-138
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• 2008

본 연구는 경기도내 악취관리지역으로 지정된 시화국가산업단지, 반월국가산업단지, 반월도금지방산업단지, 아산국가산업단지(포승지구) 4개 공단에 대하여 2006년과 2007년에 실시한 악취실태조사 자료를 이용하여 각 공단별 악취특성을 조사하였다. 또한, 측정된 자료를 통계분석 기법을 사용하여 복합악취와 지정악취물질간의 상관관계를 연구하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시화공단과 반월도금공단에서는 비교적 NH$_3$와 Styrene이 높고 반월공단에서는 H$_2$S가 다른 공단에 비해 약 5배 정도 높은 평균농도를 보였으며 포승공단은 일반적인 배출형태와 크게 다르지 않았다. 2. SAS를 이용한 통계분석 결과 시화공단의 복합악취는 H$_2$S, TMA, Styrene, nvAldehyde와의 관련성이 높고 반월공단은 H$_2$S, aAldehyde, bAldehyde, 반월도금공단은 NH$_3$의 관련성이 높은 것으로 조사되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.539-543
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the Chinese and Baek-Seok chive. We collect the volatile components of Chinese and Baek-Seok chive by dynamic head space method. Chinese chive was analyzed by Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS). 28 components including 20 sulfides, 5 alcohols, 1 benzene and 2 aldehydes compounds were identified in samples, Also Baek-Seok chive was analyzed by GC-MS. 32 components including 19 sulfides, 10 alcohols, 2 benzonoides and 1 aldehyde compounds were confirmed.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.786-790
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• 1994

The crude alkaloidal fraction of the root of Cynanchum caudatum Max.(Asclepiadaceae) was tested for the effects on the activities of free radical generating enzymes and the formation of lipid peroxide. Aldehyde oxidase was strongly inhibited to about 90% of the activity by treating 1.0 mg/ml of alkaloidal fraction, corresponding to competitive inhibition. Moreover, the formation of lipid peroxide which causes damage of cell membrane was reduced in proportion to the increasing alkaloid concentration. However, xanthine oxidase of which structure and function are similar to those of aldehyde oxidase was not inhibited by the alkaloidal fraction.