• 한국주조공학회지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.437-445
• /
• 1988

The effect of interlamellar spacing on microstructural stability at high temperature was studied for unidirectionally solidified ternary $Ni\;/\;Ni_3Al-Ni_3$ Nb and binary $Ni-Ni_3Nb$ eutectic composite. The interlamellar spacing of both alloy systems were varied with the growth rate according to $"{\lambda}^2R=constant"$ relationship. As a result of isothermal heat treatments at high temperature it was considered that coarsening of lamellar structure was due to concentration gradient between the tip with a relatively small radius of curvature and the side of the thick lamellae with a larger radius of the opposite sign. Fault density was increased as the interlamellar spacing decreased. Therefore it is also considered that the higher coarsening rate of the specimen with the smaller interlamellar spacing was due to higher fault density. And the diference of coarsening rate between $Ni\;/\;Ni_3Al-Ni_3Nb$ and $Ni-Ni_3Nb$ eutectic composites was not observed when the interlamellar spacing was similar in size. This means that the presence of ${\gamma}'$ in ${\gamma}\;/\;{\gamma}'\;-{\delta}$ eutectic had no b arrier effect to diffusion through the ${\gamma}$ matrix.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제85권4호
• /
• pp.433-443
• /
• 2023

The current paper discusses the dynamic and stability responses of cross-ply composite laminated plates by employing a refined quasi-3D trigonometric shear deformation theory. The proposed theory takes into consideration shear deformation and thickness stretching by a trigonometric variation of in-plane and transverse displacements through the plate thickness and assures the vanished shear stresses conditions on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate. The strong point of the new formulation is that the displacements field contains only 4 unknowns, which is less than the other shear deformation theories. In addition, the present model considers the thickness extension effects (ε_z≠0). The presence of the Winkler-Pasternak elastic base is included in the mathematical formulation. The Hamilton's principle is utilized in order to derive the four differentials' equations of motion, which are solved via Navier's technique of simply supported structures. The accuracy of the present 3-D theory is demonstrated by comparing fundamental frequencies and critical buckling loads numerical results with those provided using other models available in the open literature.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.1740-1750
• /
• 1993

The aluminar short fiber reinforced composite materials for hot extrusion were fabricated by semi-solid stirring method, and extruded at extrusion temperature $400^{\circ}C$ with various extrusion ratio. The hot extrusion load of volume fraction 15% metal matrix composites and base alloy Al7075 has been compared. The fiber length distribution, fiber breakage and fiber orientation are investiged to know the fiber behaviour in before and after hot extrusion. The tensile strength of the hot extruded billet are experimentally determined for different of extrusion ratios, and compared with theorically calculated strength.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
• /
• pp.1213-1214
• /
• 2006

The synthesis of silver coated iron base alloy (Sendust : Fe-Si-Al) powder having the both effects of shielding and suppressing of electromagnetic wave was studied. Depending on thickness of silver coating layer, the electromagnetic properties of the dispersed particles complexed with organic binder were examined. It is proposed that the silver coated sendust flake powders with controlled electrical properties and thickness can be used as thin microwave absorbers in quasi-microwave frequency band.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2011

연구 목적: 최근 지르코니아가 전부도재관의 코어로 많이 사용되고 있다. 지르코니아와 레진 시멘트의 결합 강도를 높이기 위한 기계적, 화학적인 표면 처리 방법들이 연구되고 있다. 이 연구에서 여러 표면 처리 방법에 따른 지르코니아와 레진 시멘트의 전단결합강도를 알아보고자 한다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 80개의 지르코니아 (Lava, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) 시편과 80개의 지르코니아/알루미나 복합체 (Zirace, Acucera Co Inc, Korea) 시편을 디스크형태로 제작하여 에폭시레진에 매립하였다. 이들을 각각 4개의 군으로 나누어 $50\;{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting, $110\;{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting, $50\;{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting과 프라이머 (Z-PRIME Plus, Bisco Inc, Schaumburg, IL, USA) 사용, $110\;{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting과 프라이머 (Z-PRIME Plus) 사용 군으로 나누었다. 표면 처리한 지르코니아 표면에 2가지 레진 시멘 (Calibra, Panavia F)으로 접착하였다. 그 후 증류수 ($37^{\circ}C$)에 24시간 보관 후 전단 결합 강도 실험을 시행하였고, SEM을 사용하여 표면 처리한 표면과 전단강도 실험 후 파절양상을 관찰하였다. 결과: ANOVA분석에 따르면, 두 가지 종류의 시편 모두에서, 프라이머 (Z-PRIME Plus)를 사용하여 표면 처리한 군들이 전단 결합 강도가 높았다 (P < .05). 결론: 기계적 결합 강도와 함께 새로운 프라이머를 사용하는 것이 지르코니아와 레진 시멘트의 접착 강도를 증가시킨다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.244-249
• /
• 2004

In this paper, shielding effectiveness(SE) of the shielding paint of electromagnetic(EM) waves was investigated with actual experiments. The shielding paint used in this study were made of powder of conductive materials - Ag, Cu, Al, Sn, Ni. Cr, Graphite and Charcoal etc. with a solubility in oil and water. Also, the paper was used as a base sheet. The experiment was carried out by using a shielding evaluator(Shielding box) TR17302 with an ADVANTEST spectrum analyzer, model R3361C. It was found from the experimental results that silver, copper, nickel were good candidates as a shielding material against the EM waves with increasing the SE as the composite was laminated. The characteristics of the SE against the EM waves depended on a mode of preparation of specimen. The effects of density of particles on the SE were studied about the EM shielding paint. The SE strongly depended on the electric resistance by density of painting particles. SE increased as the density of particles was increasing.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.361-371
• /
• 2010

Enhancement in the seismic buckling capacity of steel tanks caused by the addition of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) retrofit layers attached to the outer walls of the steel tank is investigated. Three-dimensional non-linear finite element modeling is utilized to perform such analysis considering non linear material properties and non-linear large deformation large strain analysis. FRP composites which possess high stiffness and high failure strength are used to reduce the steel hoop stress and consequently improve the tank capacity. A number of tanks with varying dimensions and shell thicknesses are examined using FRP composites added in symmetric layers attached to the outer surface of the steel shell. The FRP shows its effectiveness in carrying part of the hoop stresses along with the steel before steel yielding. Following steel yielding, the FRP restrains the outward bulging of the tank and continues to resist higher hoop stresses. The percentage improvement in the ultimate base moment capacity of the tank due to the addition of more FRP layers is shown to be as high as 60% for some tanks. The percentage of increase in the tank moment capacity is shown to be dependent on the ratio of the shell thickness to the tank radius (t/R). Finally a new methodology has been explained to calculate the location of Elephant foot buckling and consequently the best location of FRP application.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국막학회 1998년도 제6회 하계 Workshop (98 한국막학회, 국립환경연구원 국제 Workshop, 수자원 보전과 막분리 공정)
• /
• pp.135-153
• /
• 1998

Nanofiltration (NF) is a recently introduced term in membrane separation. In 1988, Eriksson was one of the first authors using the word 'nanofiltration' explicitly. Some years before, FilmTech started to use this term for their NF50 membrane which was supposed to be a very loose reverse osmosis membrane or a very tight ultrafiltration membrane. Since then, this term has been introduced to indicate a specific boundary of membrane technology in between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis. The application fields of the NF membranes are very broad as follows: Demeneralizing water, Cleaning up contaminated groundwater, Ultrapure water production, Treatment of effleunts containing heavy metals, Offshore oil platforms, Yeast production, Pulp and paper mills, Textile production, Electroless copper plating, Cheese whey production, Cyclodextrin production, Lactose production. The earliest NF membrane was made by Cadotte et al, using piperazine and trimesoyl chloride as monomers for the formation of polyamide active layer of the composite type membrane. They coated very thin interfacially potymerized polyamide on the surface of the microporous polysulfone supports. The NF membrane exhibited low rejections for monovalent anions (chloride) and high rejections for bivalent anions (sulphate). This membrane was called NS300. Some of the earliest NF membranes, like the NF40 membrane of FilmTech, the NTR7250 of Nitto-Denko and the UTC20 and UTC60 of Toray, are formed by a comparable synthesis route as the NS300 membrane. Commercially available NF membranes nowadays are as follows: ASP35 (Advanced Membrane Technology), MPF21; MPF32 (Kiryat Weizmann), UTC20; UTC60; UTC70; UTC90 (Toray), CTA-LP; TFCS (Fluid Systems), NF45; NF70 (FilmTec), BQ01; MX07; HG01; HG19; SX01; SX10 (Osmonics), 8040-LSY-PVDI (Hydranautics), NF CA30; NF PES 10 (Hoechst), WFN0505 (Stork Friesland). The typical ones among the commercially available NF membranes are polyamide composite membrane consisting of interfacially polymerized polyamide active layer and microporous support. While showing high water fluxes and high rejections of multivalent ions and small organic molecules, these membranes have relatively low chemical stability. These membranes have low chlorine tolerance and are unstable in acid or base solution. This chemical instability is appearing to be a big obstacle for their applications. To improve the chemical stability, we have tried, in this study, to prepare chemically stable NF membranes from PVA. The ionomers and interfacially polymerized polyamide were used for the modification of'the PVA membranes. For the detail study of the active layer, homogeneous NF membranes made only from active layer materials were prepared and for the high performance, composite type NF membranes were prepared by coating the active layer materials on microporous polysulfone supports.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.48-56
• /
• 2016

Improvement of heat sink technology related to the continuous implementation performance and extension of device-life in circumstance of easy heating and more compact space has been becoming more important issue as multi-functional integration and miniaturization trend of electronic gadgets and products has been generalized. In this study, it purposed to minimize of decline of the heat diffusivity by gluing polymer through compounding of inorganic particles which have thermal conductive properties. We used NH-9300 as base resin and used inorganic fillers such as silicon carbide(SiC), aluminum nitride(AlN), and boron nitride(BN) to improve heat diffusivity. After making film which was made from 100 part of acrylic resin mixed hardener(1.0 part more or less) with inorganic particles. The film was matured at $80^{\circ}C$ for 24h. Diffusivity were tested according to sorts of particles and density of particles as well as size and structure of particle to improve the effect of heat sink in view of morphology assessing diffusivity by LFA(Netzsch/LFA 447 Nano Flash) and adhesion strength by UTM(Universal Testing Machine). The correlation between diffusivity of pure inorganic particles and composite as well as the relation between density and morphology of inorganic particles has been studied. The study related morphology showed that globular type had superior diffusivity at low density of 25% but on the contarary globular type was inferior to non-globular type at high density of 80%.